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Ootrc Dame Scholastic Disce-9VA5I • 5 ^ mPGR-VI CTv/Rvy s- •ViVG •9VASI- CRAS •MOieiTVR\/S-

VOL. XXXIX. NOTRE DAME, INDIANA, DECEMBER 2, 1905. No. 12.

Thanksgiving.

THOMAS E. BURKE, ' 0 7 .

T H I S daj-- a mights' nation lifts its voice

In gratitude for benefits untold:

A free and liapp\- peoj)le all rejoice

Within a common fold.

Be it t ha t plenteous peace forever live,

Or famine, war or plague invest our sod;

This daj ' an earnest nation 3'et will give

In thankfulness to God.

The Martyr Chancellor of. England.

w'lLLLvji c. O'BRIEX, '06 .

ROM out the hear t of England rise hundreds of monuments bespeaking the life and deeds of her deceased sons; men who served their country, who loved and cherished all t h a t is noble

in life, whose memory perfumes the land day after day, around whose tomb the nat ion weaves gar lands of glory every year t h a t their names -msij no t pass into oblivion. Some of these were val iant men w^ho fought amidst shot and shell, in hunger and cold, till they fell bathed in their own blood t o preserve the nat ion 's name; some w^ere grea t ora tors who thrilled the hearts of the multi­tude ; some "were grea t kings or queens w^ho swaj-^ed the sceptre of power. Although all. these may shine out like luminaries in the firmament of fame, this one, on- account of his noble life and his glorious death for a divine principle, s tands out before them all.

He was one of those whom Heaven sends when w e need them; who have grown out of an age of corruption like a flower t h a t springs from the withered bramble; one of those who have been our light in times of darkness, our hope in the hour of despair.

Long years ago when the world was crushed by despots, lost and sunk in an" abyss of slaverj^ and oppression, and every ray of hope seemed gone; w*hen the whole world seemed lost in the darkness of con­fusion, a s ta r appeared in the heavens proclaiming "Peace on earth, good will t o men." The Saviour of the w'orld was come t o heal the bleeding wounds of slaves. And when our colonies \vere weighed down wi th tvrannv, and men no- longer able t o sustain i ts btirden w-ere cr\4ng out for freedom, the great orator , Patrick Henr\', came forth and stirred the nat ion t o action b^' those burning words : "Give us liberty or 'give us death ." When the gleaming light of peace and unity, so much enjoj^ed by the Church in England, was fast fading awa3^; when Christian kings and princes were' bat t l ing with one another ; when the Church was becoming corrupt from heretics gnawing a t her bosom, and men's consciences seemed crushed -^vith the too eager desire t o ser\-e their k ing; when t h a t king t h a t w a s t o force men t o approve his unjust demands was soon t o be b o m and men were gazing out into the dark horizon wondering who their savior would be, the clouds rolled back and there appeared the vision of Sir Thomas More, clothed-in a mantle of t r u th and beautv', love and dutj".

B o m of a * noble famih', gifted wi th a; powerfuT intellect, a keen judgment, a rich imagination giving forth i ts thoughts in strains of choicest words ; cheerful, kind and amiable; a friend t o the rich and the

i86 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC,

learned; a benefactor of the poor and the ignorant ; a fond husband, a gentle and indulgent father—a model for . every m a n ; graced wi th every manly beautj'- and -udth a genius more than human, he saw the" evils impending over the king's court, i ts folly, .its ..crimes, and injustice. . T)?iy after -day he ifasted,.; and,: praA^ed, and. meditated, and hoped; 'arid oft as he leaned his cheek upon his half-closed hand gazing out on the v a s t \ w d r l d , he wondered •v\*hat work God had destined h im- to do. His soul beheld" for a moment the means by which he might, create a reform. At last , the hour of his public [career cariie". That" life t h a t had gone about silently- scattering its perfumes t o the breezes every day w-as now t o be revealed t h a t men might- see i ts grandeur and admire i ts beauty. The doors of the king's court w^ere thrown- back and he w a s bade t o . enter. A new life—combats and dangers surrounded his mor ta l frame on every side; his soul .beheld in anticipation the work before him; the future w^as bu t a picture of tears and smiles.

With slow - and solemn steps he entered t h a t hall of, fame, for a t t h a t moment a halo seemed t o play around his head telling him he-.had. taken the "first step t o w a r d his execution. His learning, his-reputat ion and his legal acquirements lifted him higher and higher i n the king's favor, so t h a t in a short t ime he, was-promoted from a mere lawo^er t o councilor, treasurer, knight and even- t o the lofty dignity of Lord High Chancellor— the ^noblest and best t h a t ever filled t h a t sacred. ofiice.- H i s ' power and ability w^ere sho:wn. oh every occasion.' I t was he t h a t ' guidedi ' the king's hand in- the affairs of government, t h a t devised every good plan, t h a t warded; off the evils. When his voice w;as raised, others became silent; w^hen others had debated, favored, resolved upon a certain bill, and . every-member of the entire council had given his. approbation-, his arguments over-ruled them - all, so t h a t all alone he. could sway the judgment of the whole court. He ;was n o t led off by others nor bound by human respect. He never sought shelter in the-:shadow; of any man ' s shield, nor did he "p in his soul t o another man's: back."

Yet it: is no t these things alone t h a t have made Shis name immortal . His greatness had a • deepery a^lnobler, and a holier source.

The time came when his soul w a s t o be tried in the fiimace of temptat ion. Henr\'' VIII. who had been leading a licentious and dissipated life, w a s about t o make an unjust demand upon his court t o satisfy his pride and passions, t o further his divorce from Oueen Catherine and his marriage^ wi th Anne

. Boleyn.^ He .had hoped t o use Sir^'Tliomas as a powerful aid for this end; but Sir Thomas seeing the . ine\dtable outcome, and seem-mg t o forget every preferment, the honors and dignity around him, the friends he would lose and the enemies he -w^ould make, speedily sent his resignation . to t he .k ing . But Henry was no t t o be overthroAvn in his . design. Accordingly he sent out a decree demanding every man over twenty-one j'-ears of age t o sign the oa th for his divorce and marriage under the penaltj'- of death. This w a s the beginning of the contest between More and Henr3^ Hundreds of others had been conquered b y the king's demand, bu t Sir Thomas w"as the first t o refuse: "Some," he says, "maj'^ do this for favor; some may^ do i t through fear; some mav satisfv their conscience wi th some strange idea; some may swear one thing and think another ; some maj'- do i t in good faith, bu t for me, I can not, na3^, I will not , sigh the oath. When my conscience says 'tis right, then, and no t till then, shall I give m\'' consent."

Upon this refusal,; the king sent four of his greatest dignitaries t o persuade him further. At first they sought t o win him by kindness, reminding him of all the favors the king had conferred on him, and of all the ^others t h a t were yet t o come if he should sign the oa th ; showing him the long list of members. of- Parliament, the universities, the bishops, priests, and rectors who had already done so, urging him by every gentle means. The parched lips of the beggars in the street ut ter ing the las t cry of bread could n o t have entreated so earnestly as,'these men besought Sir Thomas t o sigh . the oath. But their prayers melted a w a y like drops of dew in the morning sun. .When they saw t h a t kindr ness w a s of ho avail, they changed their words into threa ts calling him an ungrate^' fill t r a i t o r (the wors t name t h a t could be-given), telling him . tha t refusal meant dishonor, ruin and death. But t o all these he answered: " My. lords, these be a rgu- . ments for children." H^re .were the t w o

NOTRE DAME . SCHOLASTIC, [§7

grea t pa ths open before h im: one which led t o wealth, power, glory and fame; the w a y which led t o the society of aU the nobility; the waj"- w^hich led t o ease, comfort and every luxury'-; the w a y which led up t o the temple of fame -^'•herein hundreds of names were carved in gold—all this Sir Thomas could have if he would sign the oath. The other was the w a y bestrewn with thorns, lonely and drearj^; marked out with bitter t ea r s ; overhung wi th the shadow of dea th : the way of t ru th , justice and loyaltj'—^this w a s the w-aj'- Sir Thomas chose.

The vision of an hundred "mortal enemies readj'' t o plunge upon him and flashing shields on everj- side; the sight of the

'humiliation and reproaches; the, t hough t of punishment, to r tu re and death"; the exhorta­tions of friends and weeping children urging him on everj"- side, bu t all in. A'-ain. This vir tuous and noble man, this grea t states­man, this most loyal of subjects A\'-hose life h a d withered awaj' ' in the ser\dce of his king and country, AX'-hbse intellect had' been a tOweir-of strength in the government, whose hea r t had alwaj'-s vibrated to ever3'- gentle wish of friends and famiW, coiild not ,-nay, -would not, do so now. Neither genius, nor eloquence, nor love, nor th rea t s could t u rn his mind from the' p a t h of righteousness. ..

So he w a s cas t ' ih td a lonely prison; shut • off' from the beautj^ of God's sunlight; -deprived of friends, honors and every-com­fort: ' He t h a t ever had servants t o run a t his . call; friends and' loving children around him, who w a s greeted A\dth honors "everywhere; ^ h%~*wlic> had stdod oh the highest pinnacle

. of c fame 'next t o the 'k ing , whose freedom had 'been "as' grea t as the birds of the air, n o w 'all alone 'living among the vermin t h a t tormented his body by' daj"- and gnawed his bodj'' while he slept, living among filth, .in extreme povertj'- and w a n t . If v\re 'measure the greatness of a deed by the sacrifice.it costs us, then indeed this w a s a sublime one.

•Nor was this the end. The day for his trial" came". Hundreds of persons assembled round the" prison walls, no t t o greet him w^ith acclamatioris of ' joy nor t o hail him', who had "been their friend • and henefactor,'.; their 'couriselbr and their' advocate, b u t t o : insult and jeer him. The iron doors t h a t , have entombed his body during .fifteen months gra te w i t h ' j o y . And t h e r e f r o m

t h a t dark prison cell comes one t h a t had been so strong, so active, so beautiful in every feature; . w^ho had received every honor from the lowest t o the highest; w;ho.had-been the nat ion 's judge, comes forth n o w as a criminal, old and worn from.long con­finement, ragged and .beggarly,. his hai r stiff and silvery, his feeble body leaning oh a staff, dragged through the streets by a bruta l guard in obedience t o the king's command.' His friends a.nd family who loved him deafly, strangers w h o had never known him before, and even enemies, could n o t restrain their tears so terrible .was the scene.

The t r ia l was b u t a repetition of his refusal. The sentence of death w a s passed upon him, and he w a s led back t o p r i son : t o awa i t the execution. T w o scenes t h a t occurred on his W a y t o the prison were no t OXHLJ touching,' bu t were even greatef inducements for him t o sign the oath. The guard, aftei-.ui-ging him wi th a heavy hear t arid ' the tears s treaming down their cheeks, ba:de him farewell for . the las t t ime. And jus t as he w a s aboiit to . gaze upon the world for the . las t time, when' he w a s on fhe verge of stepping from life in to death, his ciaiightei: t h a t he had a lwavs loved w i th a tender love rushed through the crowd and rah t o him, embraced him lovingly arid begged him t o consent. When she had gone away, unsatisfied she r an back again, seeming t o forget everyone around her ; and throwirisT herself into his arms, dung- t o him and entreated.him again .and again t o sign the oath. .Oh, this woiild have changed the most obstinate mind, bu t More persevered. He took his: las t look on the world and entered the pirison t o awa i t his death.

On the morning, of the 6 th , of July the guard, announced, to-him t h a t he had only a few: hours, t o Hye.. .Having, thanked them he sent them a w a y and robed himself for the. execution. A mighty king w a s t o wreak vengeance on . a poor crumbling mass . of flesh. All; alone he came, t o the. place of execution; nos t reaming banners t o announce his coming; no.soft music t o cheer him on ; no comrades t o spur him t o victory; .-his head bent, ;his .hear t uplifted, ready for death. The hancT of the executioner -was raised / f o r t h e blow^. , One chaiice .ye t remained "for him t o set himself free, t o lift. himself from t h e . depth of misery, t o the-

i88 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

highest pinnacle of fame—one chance t o choose between life and death; bu t Sir Thomas remained unchanged. Having breathed a fervent pray^er t o Heaven, he placed his head upon the block and received the fatal bu t glorious blow^ t h a t will adorn his brow^ forever wi th the martyir's crown.

Thus More, the Chancellor and statesman, hero and man, passed away. His bleeding body^ was lifted from the place of execution; his noble soul t h a t lived and thrived wi th loftA- aims on ear th had found its rest. The ever-flowing stream of time w^ent on, and More's death seemed t o have affected i t little; but his life and his death have purged t h a t stream and left i t purified forever. His bat t le was no t directed for a nat ion 's political good, nor for i ts mere reform, nor to stir it t o action by his patriotism, bu t against an e^dl t h a t has been the ruin no t of one nat ion alone, bu t w^hich has eaten the. bosom of manj'- na t ions ; the evil t h a t destroA-^ed our families; scattered far and wide our children—^the flowers of the land; the curse t h a t every noble citizen and every pa t r io t soldier must fight against—the eyil of divorce. \We reap the golden harvest of his life ..and death; our minds have been ennobled, our intellects strengthened, our hearts purified. As time, w^hich marks all events with i ts gentle hand, stirs again the recollection of bygone days, the spirit of More will live again,,and every moumfiil breeze, .chilled by his death, w ill receive new warmth from his memory.

Restoration.

CHARLES L . O ' D O N N E L L , ' 0 6 .

CROM these dead leaves the, winds have caught

And on the brown earth fling,

Yea, from their dust, new hosts will rise

At the trumpet-call of Spring.

Thus may the wiiid our ashes take,

Yet in tha t last dusk dim.

When God's eye hath burnt up the worlds.

This flesh will stand with Him.

The Fire at Miza Park.

ALEXANDER H . MCFARLAXD, ' 0 6 .

T H E love of pleasure is inborn—^it gives potency t o faith and hope—^the wrellsprings of joy. I t is the business of religion and education not. t o w^eaken this impulse, b u t t o control and guide i t t h a t man may learn t o find pleasure in thinking and doing the best things. Love of action is inborn—^vital force must exercise itself or dwindle and perish. Here again i t is the business of religion and education no t t o t h w a r t or undermine energy, bu t t o lead men t o become seifractivein their spiritual being. They w h o combine, in this way, the love of pleasure w^ith the love of action, are the noblest and t h e mos t usefiil.—Spalding.

Situated on a bluff overlooking the Hudson River, a t the little hamlet of Selville, w a s the magnificent country home of J. W. Haven, a Wall Street millionaire. This beautiful estate, which was situated j u s t on the outskirts of the village, was surrounded by a wooded park . I t w a s a typical rich -

m a n ' s retreat , one of the manj-^ found on the shores of the Hudson. Thoroughly equipped wi th fine colonial mansion, stables, kennels and a large retinue of servants, the establishment represented a small fortune in itself. In the village little w^as known of the Haven family beyond the fact t h a t they were rich city folks who had bought Miza P a r k some ten years before the event which I am about t o relate. People of the village who dealt wi th Mr. Haven described him as a shrewd, cunning man who loved t o win in a bargain and w^ho was no t scrupulous as t o the metins he used t o gain his end.

On the night before Thanksgiving a few years ago the mansion of Miza P a r k w a s burned t o the ground. Several curious inci­dents about the case caused the S ta te Fire Insurance Company who had, insured the property for one hundred thousand dollars t o refuse t o pay the policy. As a private detective I w a s given the investigation of the fire, and some of the facts connected .wi th i t w^ere pu t before me by the insurance company for examination. I t seems t h a t

NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. rS'9

by some unaccountable stupidity on the p a r t of the coinpany the house • had been insured for twen ty thousand dollars more t h a n i t w a s wor th . The policy would have expired a t the end of November, and as Mr. Haven w^as well aware t h a t he could n o t renew for the same amount, the insurance companj'- believed t h a t he had destroyed his home t o gain the twentj ' ' thousand dollars over-insurance.

The same day t h a t I accepted the case for the companj'-, Mr. Haven came t o me and offered a thousand dollars if I would clear up the myster3'' of the destruction of his-house. Here w a s a quandary indeed. Per­haps he knew t h a t the insurance people had

9 employed me, and this was only a trick t o t h r o w me off the t rack. If, however, the insurance people were r ight in their sus­picions, t o be working for Mr. Haven would only serve t o find the culprit more quicklv", so I accepted his proposition. ^From Mr. Haven I learned t h a t a few

dav-s before the fire he had had trouble wi th a servant and had discharged him. The man had gone a w a y vowing t o get even. Air. Haven's theorj- was t h a t the man had set fire t o the house.

The dav of the fire the house had been closed for the winter and the servants celebrated the event by a dance in the village. Besides Mr.. Haven there w a s left a t the P a r k only the watchman who related t h a t he had gone t o the stables for a few minutes and t h a t when he returned t o the house he found the interior of the east w^ing enveloped in flames. By the t ime he had given the alarm and assistance from the village had arrived the fire was beyond control. In the east winsf was situated a storeroom full of old furniture and other inflammable material, and from the dense black smoke the watchman believed t h a t oil had been burning.

Some suspicion might be connected wi th Mr. Haven's movements t h a t night. He had come up from the city in the morning t o tend t o the final shut t ing up of the house, and seemed particularly anxious t o be rid of the servants t h a t evening. When the las t of the household had left for the dance he was still there, according t o the watchman who did n o t know when he had left the grounds. Mr. Haven appeared a t the fire wi th the

villagers. He said he w a s on his way; t o the t ra in when he saw the flames and hastily returned. . ~

I employed a n expert fire-insurance:exa.ni-iner and took him over the ruins. After; a thorough examination of the blackened \vcills and debris he declared t h a t from \vhatahe saw there—such as the appearance of one of the fuse-boxes, several half-melted w i r e s a n d the direction of the spread of the; flames— his experience told him t h a t the fire had s tar ted from defective electric wires. Another examiner arrived a t the same conclusion; The Sta te Company's man did n o t concur in th is view, for he said the current = of electricity had been turned off firom the house sortie few days previous t o the .fire. He talked, however, like a man who had m a d e u p his mind before the examination, and was : deter­mined t o stick t o his opinion. Of course i t was t o his company's, interest t o fiiid some irregularitv in the cause of the-fire. The result of all mj^ investigations was kept secret, even ray employers did n o t - k n o w how I w a s succeeding.

I paid little a t tent ion t o Mr; - Haven's theory of the revengeful s e rvan t .un t i r r aday or so after the fire when I happened t o see a lineman cut t ing some wireis w h i c h led from the ruins t o the telephone line. • When I questioned him he became greatly, perturbed and excited. He said the telephone cbmpany told him t o remove them. When confronted with the fact t h a t they were electric wires, he acted so strangelv as t o - a r o u s e . m v suspicions; all the more so when I found him t o be a brother t o the servant,. Ward, When I questioned the discharged servant as t o his movements the night before Thanks­giving he could give no accurate account, and the alibi he tried t o establish seemed very un t rus twor thy .

• In a conversation wi th the telephone manager he said t h a t he had ordered the w^ires removed as they were " b l i n d " and. did no t belong t o his line. We traced, them together, and found the end in an empty dwelling on a side street where they w;ere at tached t o the electric light fine of t h e . village. The other end had been fastened t o the wires which fiirnished the current t o the Haven house.

Now I had occasion t o go t o -New York the week after the .fire, and w^hile there I

1 9 0 NOTRE DAME " SCHOLASTIC.

called on the President of the Sta te Insur­ance Company, and reported wdiat I had found in my investigation thus far. He seemed slightly vexed w^hen I spoke about the t w o " b l i n d " -wires. He ordered me t o leave them alone and watch Haven; bu t on second thought ended by telling rne "to drop the case altogether and giving me my pay for the v^rork thus far done.

On my w a y up t o Selville I chanced t o p ickup a new^spaper about three w^eks old, and the following article therein set hie t o thinking most v igorous^ .

" T h e recent large conflagrations in this city have caused m u c h apprehension and •trouble for the Sta te Fire Insurance Co., which held several ver ' heavy risks. This company's securities are so tied iip as t o have left i t high and dry after the payment of three policies amount ing t o $130,000. Unless a loan can be negotiated immediatelv Preisdent HaU savs the slightest call on them for the payment of a risk will send them t o the -wall. Present policies and stock, however, are safely secured,'' — and so on. .

I immediately returned t o the city, liun-ted u p ' M r . Haven and asked hiih -what Icind of a policy he held" wi th the companj'-, and w^hat he knew of the organizatibh. He replied "that he owned a Special Premium Policy by -which he w^as t o receive twenty-five thousand dollars a t the expiratipn of the risk. He also intimated t h a t he knew the company -would have had great- difficulty in paying his premiuin -when it ' came due, and t h a t the reason of their bbjectiori ' to . paying the" poHcy n o w w^as their- inability t o raise the money.

Although t w a s no longer working for the insurance people I did no t give 'up the case, for Mr, Haven, still held t o his offer,. I believed that-T- was beginning- t o see

: i i g h t . • -- • / - • ' - • • ; • - ^ - r ^ - : • - ; : . - • ••:; ^ ' - ;

What reason had Mr. Haven, a millio'naiire, for destroying his home t o gain the twen ty thousand dollars bveir-insurance -when* by leaving the policy expire he ^ would get twenty-five thoiisa.nd dollars ? Why had the '. president of" the S ta te Compdny^ shown such agitation w^henT told him of niy dis­covery of the "blind" wires? -Had h o t t he ; lineman also shown nervoushess^ =?when I spoke t o him about the wires ? 7 Clearly the

wires had quite a bi t t o do -with the case, for had no t the. two.examiners said t h a t the fire had started: from defective electric -v\ares? Here w a s an"^^Insurance ''.Company self-ackno-^dedged' as unable, t o paj'- even a Small policy, confronted by the . fac t t h a t a twent3'--fi'^e thousand dollar premium w-as soon due. Would i t no t be a good plan t o destroH'- the house in such a manner as t o t h r o w a reasonable suspicion upon the holder' of the policy and • thus cause i t t o be for­feited? Indeed an excellent plan which, aided by the, seemingly suspicious movements of

-Mr. Haven, almost succeeded. Once.more I intervicAved the lineman, told

him I kne-^'- the whole affair, and t h a t he had better fill in some minor details as t o the p a r t he had played. H e finally confessed t h a t a few weeks before a stranofer came t o him and gave him a sum • of. monej^ t o str ing secretly, the ."bl ind", -wires. The watchman a t Miza Park . to ld me,of a man -who represented .himself as an .electrician andaVho spent some time presumably fixing fuses in .the storeroom. . The description of this stranger tallied.with the one of the inan -who dealt -«dth the lineman.

I t was very,clear now t h a t the insurance cornpany had. destroyed the house them­selves by means of an electric current igniting judiciously placed shaidngs, or the like, and then casting suspicion upon Mr. Haven, in order t o avoid paying the policy. I told

; Mr.- Ha-v-eh the result of mv investisration, bu t as I have never been required t o make, public the facts of the . case, I presume the matter" -was settled-^quietlj:. ••

Philosophy .II.

T. E. B.

• Tell-liie.not,ill idle, numbers •

- Realism's all a dream,

•That tlie-man's awake, wlio slumbers

And.things are not , .but they seem. ^

Things are real and not perceptions:

'. All exist without ' the mind; ^ ' \

Our ideas ai-e, deceptions = . .

'- When.the"substance's left behind. -

NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. .191

How Much Culture?

CHARLES L. O ' D O N K E L L , ' 0 6 .

Well estaljlishecl poets sustain . the . belief t h a t men a t college ,do n o t niake. the most of their opportunities t o acquire, that-general culture-befitting.the gentleman." Recehtl3^ a professor in the UniYersit3'- of Chicago,

; addressing one of the higher classes, thought i t needful t o say t h a t college,, while: i t is indeed, as we are so often told, a-prepara­t ion for life, is itself life, offering numerous chances for cultivating the social qualities of character. Not long ' since Sir Richard Jebb, the noted professoir of Greek in the University of Glasgow, speaking.-.before a scientific educational association of-South Africa, laid part icular stress on the desira­bility'- of liberal culture for scientific .men.

Specialization, he showed, is brought about by the needs of a country, a .new country requiring above all specialization in the technical sciences; there mus t be road-building, railroad - laying;" bridge - building, and for all this wot"k specialization.of a high order is needed. The Germans have an insti tution unknown t o us in the form of the technical high school, designed particu­larly t o fit men for work of this nature . We have no such half-way house between the grades and the college. Our scientific men for the mos t p a r t make their studies in the same insti tutions in which our students o f li terature, a r t and philosophy liljewise assemble. Groviring out of such surround­ings are opportunities, even obligations, of a t ta in ing t o a liberal education. w^hich are seldom realized or complied wi th .

As i t is characteristic of a university t o teach several branches of higher study, so i t is the distinctive advantage of ..such an institution, notes Prof. Jebb, t h a t i t brings together in one place students of various subjects. " Bv- doing this the university tends t o produce a general breadth of intellectual interests and sympathies; i t makes the specialist t o acquire some sense..of t h e rela­t ions between 'his own^, pursuit and other pursui ts ; he is helped t o perceive the large­ness of knowledge.'- In a practical way , then, a university or a. college wi th as comprehensive a course of studies • as Notre

Dame, ought t o prevent the scientific stu­dent, or any student who is specializing, in. a given branch of knowledge,,from ..being, narrowed down t o his own. . l i t t le .,work bench. The sight of others about him deeply engrossed in work tota l ly different from, h is . own ought t o set him thinking, .and. ou t : of this aroused interest will spring,, the . sympathies t h a t -make for : culture., ;B.or. there is a lways th is danger t o specialization,.; part icularly, scientific, the student!s .mind,,, his personaUty and his life are-apt,to'be.come. a sealed room wi th no entrance .possible, except t o those w h o knock in the name ."of,, t h e . craft, and for himself n,o exit.. P a r . J s . it. from the purpose of a university t o jnake . men fossils or machines. True; culture, w^hich : i t aims t o give, means, as ^Huxley ..says,.,, "something quite different firqm learning.ior technical skill. I t i tnp l ies the possession, .of. an ideal, and the hab i t of criticallj- est imat- . ing the " value of things, bv ; a theoretic s t a n d a r d ; " i t means, according t o Matthew. Arnold, " t h e harmonious expansion .of al l , the powers which, make the beau ty . an^ wor th of human, na tu re . " ,- ', .- . .

Aside from this concrete, educative'force^. • t h a t works in the university .environment,.

there is, moreover, a subtler, Jess , defined,. informal education t h a t young .men :give, one another. I t w a s this, no doubt, t h e . professor a,t Chicago had in .mind; when.he-declared for the social life, and. it, w a s con- . sideration of this influence t h a t called, for th . from Dr. Jebb the-str iking s ta tement : " T h e social life of the colleges a t Oxford and .Cam-bridge is a mos t essential p a r t of the. t ra ining ^ received there." Social, life; wi th us - nieaiis. hardly naore t han being constantly in. touch, wi th our associates, the meeting,, converging and crossing "of the little. patEs of daily life. ..

iTrue, there are events distinctively social, such as banquets and the like class, affairs, b u t ;these are t o o rare t o have much influence i n . a ciiltural way . Our social life is ehiefly. made up of the interchange,-of the.simple-amenities of living among-our fellows. Yet i t is a t tent ion t o these little things, and care in perfecting, ourselves in the, ways of good-fellowship t h a t marks the college m a n

. off from .hundreds in the wider w^orld. , . B u t t o acquire t h a t other culture, thedeep

culture of mind, and n o t t h e mere manners of good-breeding, should be our_ main con-

1 9 2 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

cern. Prof. Jebb sets before his scientific audience as the grea t means t o this end the studx'- of Hterature. Here indeed the scientific •man, sometimes by his own confession, sometimes ^yJ self-betraj-al, shows up minus bahens. I t is a huge commonplace t o say t h a t Hterature is an indispensable element of a liberal education, 3-et how man3^ there are who disregard the studA'- of it. In his las t 3'ears one of the greatest of modern scientific men, Charles Darwm, .made this AX' eightj'" u t terance: " I f I had t o live my life again, I would have made i t a rule t o read some poetry- and listen t o some music a t least once eveiy week The loss of these tas tes is a loss of happiness, and msiy possibly be injurious t o the intellect, and more probabh ' to t h e moral character, by enfeebling the emotional p a r t of our na tu re . " John S tewar t Mill furnishes us wi th another instance on which Prof. Jebb notes :

" I t is n o t merely t o the happiness and mental well-being of the individual t h a t -literature can minister. .By rendering his intelligence anore flexible, hj deepening his humauitj^, by increasing his power of com­prehending others, by fostering worthj'-ideals, i t will add something t o his c apac i t y for co-oj)erating w i t h his fellows in every s ta t ion of life and in every phase of action ; i t will make him a better citizen, and n o t only a more s\anpathetic, b u t also a more efficient member of societ^^" "Educat ion ," h e . says elsewhere, " consists in organizing •the resources of the Human being; i t seeks t o give him powers which shall fit him for his social and phj'^sical world." . W h a t ha^ve. we t o show in the way of-

ctilture for the first session t h a t we are. now -bringing t o a close? This, is a favorable moment for talking stock of our progress in,:education, jus t ; as the ensuing days of vacation . will make .unfailing tes t if w e have any. • ; 1 , - - . • .

TwE a im of education as of^religion is t o hold the animal, man in-: subjection t o the spiritual, and w e have come to : understand t h a t t o w^eaken the body is n o t the way t o accomplish th is end. ' A healthy mind can hardly be found jexcept in. a healthy body, a n d : the greater our- - m e n t a l . and 'moral , power,; the . greater, our /need of- physical, vigor and; endurance.^Spa/cfiBj^;.- .' - .. ,

Vars i ty Ver se .

A BOY'S SOLH-OQUY—^A YAWP.

(Tliaiiksg-Iving- Day, 5:30 p. m.)

That dinner! I was thinner BA' far when I came to the table And ran nn^ exes Side-wise Over the long board, gleaming With shining dishes—the turke3'- steaming The cranberr\- sauce, and, in the glass dish. The leafy celeiy. I wish Thej-- were here now! Oh, how I'd b o w . To Mrs. Brinks and pass her down the pickles. I wish I had i t to do again. Minus the pain Of waiting till the folks were through— The talkative few— Who can't chew And keep a-talking, too. Mrs. Brinks Thinks

"We ought to eat slow, for time"— Her's not mine—

" I s seldom pressing." She's got me guessing. Now it 's plain If Mrs. Brinks would let her fork alone And take t h a t bone In her fingers, and leave her cup Where i t belongs and hurrj^ up, I'd get some show. But no! She's got to eat slow. S o , , •

The sweet potatoes can chill— And such a hollow, to fill! W ell, " These good folks tell Us we ought to know V^Tiat's polite. And I .can sit all right And wai t . , -With my empty plate; But then. Again, -Tha.nksgiving comes but,once a yea r , . . . W^iat's tha t I hear! . . Yes, I'll be,there! Supper? That means bizz Gee whizz! _ . Brace up now! Bow^- ^ /^ / ; ' •

• It's very-easyWhen you know How. - ; - -. E. P. B.

; A SINGULAR BEE. ,

A; charming young lady from Lee " ; Qnce .went to the country, to , tea ; -;, .On the table she saw., ; ; Some fresh honey.-With awe ' She exclaimed:.," Qjyou pasture &, bee!" S. T.

NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. ^9Z

An Exile's Plea.

L. J. C.

Levonia, Levonia,

Sunlit land of the 3'outhful free;

Land Avhere m3 childhood sports matured

Beneath yon overspreading tree,

Take me in thy clasp once more,

Dispel afar VK\ scalding tears,

M3' heart, sweet land, doth still implore,

Tlw love, tin' love, Levonia.

A Thanksgiving Day Tramp.

"Hello, Johnn}^, you haven ' t had your dinner yet, have 3-011?" asked a long, lean t r amp as he bent over the fence and Avatched the little fellow perched on the door stoop.

"No, we ain ' t , " answered the \ioy contin­uing t o plaA"- with a little spaniel, while wi th a saucy look he e3' ed the stranger, " and you needn't expect any either. Pa ' s home, and he a in ' t go t no use for tramps—^lie a in ' t . "

The man drew back a t hearing this blunt refusal, bu t as he w a s weak from hunger he continued: " Y o u r pa wouldn ' t t u rn a w a y a man to-day—Thanksgiving D a y -would h e ? "

"Well, I don ' t know. You see p a hates t r amps awfully and he mightn ' t even let you in on Thanksgiving." ^ "Your pa must be a mighty hard man then. Why is i t he hates t r amps s o ? " _

"Oh, pa ' s brother he wasn ' t no account; and did heaps of bad things t o pa, and then he runned away, and pa says since he never -was any account he's most likely a t r a m p or something worse'n t h a t . So when p a sees a t r a m p around he jus t lets out on him, and I tell you i t don ' t take t h a t t r a m p long t o g i t . "

" S o your pa ' s brother w^as no good, was he?" and the t r a m p looked more closel3' a t the lad. "Tell me are you a Mellville and did you once live in Sa lem?"

' ' You bet I 'm a Mellville. Frank, my brother, a in ' t though. He ' s , jus t like ma, bu t p a says I ' m ' a Mellville out and out.-But how did 3^pu know us? We left Salem three years a g o . "

" Oh, I knew your pa? long long ago when

I w a s j u s t a little shaver like ^rourself: b u t your pa don ' t know me now."

Something in the t r amp ' s expression won the child t o him, and get t ing, up the boy said: -

"Seeing how i t ' s Thanksgiving maybe p a wouldn' t mind you eatin' here t o - d a y . Besides he ain ' t a lways so cross, a t t ramps . Only 3esterda3'' I heard him say as how if i t weren't for fear of disgracin' us he'd t r y -to find t h a t brother of his and s t a r t him out again; and then pa go t feelin' awiiil sad and picked me up and kissed me, and said as how I looked ju s t like His brother did when he was a little boy. So come in and ma3-be -ma'U get yoii some dinner."

"No, I guess no t , " answered the t r a m p ; " n o , I 'm not so hungry as I might be, and besides—maybe I'd spoil your pa's. . Thanksgiving. But, little one, I hope 3-ou'li. have a good time with 3' our brother to-day, and don ' t ever be unkind t o him. Good-bj-e, m3'- boy; I wish you and your p a and the rest a very happ3^ Thanksgiving."

" W h a t a funny man , " thought the boy as he w^atched the t r amp tu rn and hurry down the road. , W. J . D.

4 « * ^ — — , •• ^ - '

The Thanksgiving Turkey.

. '• T. E. B. -

Home they brought the feathered fowl- •

Large and plttmp and strong of limb, •

And the children one by one

' Gathered round to look a t him.

Came the mistress of the house, -

Tried the turkey's leg to ply,

But she neither smiled nor wept.

All she did was t ry and t ry . .'\

, Stood the eldest datighter near

With a teardrop in her eye.

" Mother dear,'! she softlj- said, , -

" I t must bend or it won' t frx-." , '

, Rose, a cook of, ninety years, , " .

Old, and gre^', and somewhat; lean.

Thrust the turkey bj- the neck , ;

F a r into the grinding machine; A.

Turned the crank-till she was bine, •, • .

Added.just a little lye, ' -. " . ' . ' ..

-And ^before the dawn of day - " . = •.:,•>?--

: Made a htscious turkey.pie. . \ -'.j: '-;vi=

194 NOTRE _DAME SCHOLASTIC.

NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC I , ;

Published every Saturday during Term Tinie at the

% University' of Notre Dame."

- . ' ' * ' J

Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office, Notre Dame, Ind. _,

Terms: $1.50 jscr Annum. Postpaid.

Addreis: THE EDITOR NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC,

Notre Dame, Indiana.

•Notre Dame, Indiana, December 2, J 905.

Board of Editors.

STEPHEN F . RIORDAX, ' 0 6

CHAS. X. O ' D O X X E L L , ' 0 6 " J O H N F . S H E A , ' 0 6

ROBERT L.BRACKEX,' ' 0 7 EUGENE P . BURKE, ' 0 6

ffILi,I.\M A. BOLGER, ' 0 7 J O H N M. R Y A N , ' 0 6

THOMAS E. BURKE, ' 0 7 ' J O H N C. M C G I N N , ' 0 6

WESLEY J. DON.\HUE, ' 0 7 • L E O J . C O O N T Z , ' 0 7

—^Within the week we have, read t w o notable, denunciations of our judiciary: the Chicago Bar Association tak ing t o t ask the judges WILO browbeat , .their juries, while District Attornej- Jerome inveighs in very positive terms against the degradation of the Supreme Court justices of New York. In all likelihood, there is some ground for these a t t acks ; bu t is there any justification ? Our judicial system, though the - resu l t of ages of enlightenment and centuries of expe­rience, is 3' et imperfect—nor are oiir judges as stable as the laws wi th which' they deal. And it should also be remembered t h a t i t is much easier t o pull down Humptj'^ Dumpty t h a n i t is t o p u t him together again. Moreover, i t is extremely doubtful whether

Mr. Jerome and the Chicagp advpcates -would be as ardent in reconstructing as they are in demolishing. ,.

—It is n o t often t h a t a cabinet officer a t tends any conference outside of the United States, and the fact t h a t Secretary Roo t has intimated his intention of heading the American delegation t o Brazil, shows the importance which - the s ta te department Attaches t o this Pan-American conference. His purpose t o be present w:ill give the gatheririg: an exceptional importance, in the

eyes of the -world, and shows t h a t we are beginning t o realize t h a t the other states of this hemisphere \vill furnish a good field for diplomatic activit3'^' in the near ftiture. The approaching conference should doniuch t o clarifj'- our ' understanding as t o the feelings of the Southern republics t owards the Monroe Doctrine ^ and' the • r ight of the United States t o exercise a sort of suzeraint3'-over the international- affairs of South and Central America-.-- I t should also do much t o impress lipon the Lat in republics the necessity of fulfilling their lawful obligations wi th the outside world and the futility of using the Monroe Doctriiie as a shield for iniquitous conduct.

—^The recent resignation of the president, of the Mutual" Life Insurance, Company is only another modern instance of killing the goose t h a t laid the golden ^^^-^ Had the erstwhile advocate of corporate munificence been blessed v^ritli even a small share of moderation. He would no t now be the sub­ject of an enforced wi thdrawal . At all events, the downfall of McCurdy marks the loss of a heavy weight on the side of the frenzied financiers.' If the New York Life would onty follow the example of the Equitable and the Mutual the chances of bringing about a more perfect adjustment of the financial scales, w^ould be vast ty improved.

—^Anent the essay published i n ' our col­umns this w^eek under the caption "The Mart3'^r Chancellor of Eng land" an inter­esting : • question presents' itself t o our minds.- In .o rde r t o be a "genius"- inust a man be a puny w^eakling, a disordered sot, a disgraceful libejtine ? Byron, Marlowe; Shelley and Poe, have been one or the other; and they are "geniuses," w^hile those who led clean; • open, "austere, noble lives as did Tehnys'on,^ Longfellow Br3'^ant,' Thack­eray, and* more protninentty Sir Thomas More, aire -merely "inen of letters." Tnie, the former did g rea t work, did splendid •work, yet their vices have proved entirely a t o o active force''in establishing their place in the li terary hall of fame. Virtue is undoubt­edly i ts own reward ; bu t when i t comes t o securing recognition in ia li terary congress vice seeihs certainly t o be the better lobbyist.

NOTRE DAME- SCHOLASTIC. 195;

-Book Notice- Athlet ic: No tes .

i«)

"The Yiolin-maker"is the title ofia small volume translated from, the German of Otto Von.. Shoching by Sara Trainer Smith. The tiranslator in her zeal t o be faithful to - the original tex t has in some instances, sacrificed mode of expression t o thought.- •Manj'-. of the sentences, preserve ' their Teutonic: con­struction, and jar- our sense of harmony'- and rhythm as ' do discords in music; The story, : however, is thoroughly Catholic and has a pleasant charm all -its own. Without hesitation we predict its- heartj^ enjoj'-ment bj- the, juvenile world. -Benziger- Brothers.

^ " T h e Dollar H u n t " is a well-nam.ed storj'" hy E. G. Mart in . The hero, a French, marquis comes t o America in search of a rich heiress. At first everything favors him. He meets the heroine whose mother has bu t one ambition, t o secure a titled husband for her daughter. Success would have crowned the marquis ' efforts had no t a victim, of a-similar marriage revealed her unhappy -life, t o the heroine. The warning thus received arotises suspicions which ultimately lead ito the marqiiis' failure. The interest is w^ell-sustained, and the composition good.—Ben­ziger Brothers.

—.'^The Children of C u p a " i s . the title.-of a verj'-. interesting book, lately^ published "by Marv- E. Mannix. The author nar ra tes in a pleasing w a y the .journe\'- of a family t o Francisco . and . a summer spent, among .the mountains wi th the native Indians,- or-children of Cupa. Shortlj'- after their return the Indians w^ere driven into exile, by the whites never again t o return. " T h e Indians obeyed the inandates of the stronger race like the sullen bu t no t insubordinate children they are. And as wagon ' after wagon from the deserted .village reached the summit of the hill, each paused-upon i ts onward cotirse and the . occupants - looked back u p o n the •home thev were leavinsf forever. Then fold-ing their gairments about-them' and bowing their- heads in voiceless sorrow, the children of Cupa, loneh^ and • broken-hearted, passed'" into exile";" The book is-most insti-uctive for . children and may be purchased from Behziger Br others, for forty-five cents,

PURDUE, 3 2 ; NoTRB DAME-VoJ- / ' :

Purdue settled the question of . t he , state., championship" lastFri.da3^-Avhen. 'th,ey -follef:! up th i r ty- two points on Notre, Dame.,/ And. t h a t was Qiir end. ;,NQ one quit;" the 'men, did the bes t , they could, b u t Purjdtie/.were , jus t thirt j ' - ' twp points better, and . w o n because they deser\'^ed t o w^in. They have a-team t o be proud, of and one t h a t j anks . : among the "best in the West. And al though . i t does no t seem an essential t o the game, i t is well ;^'-brth mentioning. thg.t they have , a. team of gentlemen as".,well, as football..^

. plaA'.ers. In the game last Fr iday, not' _a-

. s o u n d was heard, but; the shrill signals of the quarter-backs arid - the i^^histle. of the . .

] referee. What , few disputes arose/were. at", once settled by the cg.ptains.. , . .r'. . ..

Once, during the game Xing, Purdue's left-guard, \ya"s injured^jaiid had no t recovered..;. siifiiciently t o re-enter"" the garae-. when the... allotted t w o rnintites were tip, Capt . Beacota reaciify requested the ofiicials to- allow. Hm. all the .time he needed,, an.d the cheers which.,;;

. arose from . the bleachers .at ,once showed... t h a t acts of t h a t kind are fully appr'eciated af P u r d u e . / ; ' / ' - [\ / / . / ; . . : ' " ' • . / ;

TlieplayihgiOf Thomas,Conville andEmeis,: , for Puirdue was a feabire of the game.- 'Fqr^ Notre/Dame Silver' 'at .end for the ' first.'.tirae-.

•'this -veaf plaved' a'-wohdefful game.-arid, is...' deservinsT .of a great amount of credit/ Draper and McNerrijr', were. • conspicuous..; Draper's thiAy-fiy'e.yard:inan.:6n a iake 'pla^ / and. McNeimy's qiiarfer^bfick'.runs w e r e , bur •;. longest 'gains . -. /•• ;: '• - :/., i:..; / . . /

'Captain' Beadom, played.the, same"stea'dy--•'game' fo'f which he'has''alwavs-ibeeri-' noted, \ and al though 'he ended his . footbalf career ,/; a t Notre .Dame with- a. I defeat i t '.fwas';-: an -. honoijable- one.; To/,sa3'';that;". he .i.s. on.e. of;. the .best guards playing fobtbaH^.is riot , , excessive praise, for wi thout a .doubt there ,.

/.are few better men in the garde. - '

• . . , F IRST-kALF. / ; . •: , . . , .. /

Thoirias ^kicked" off' t o /.McAyby .h-w4ib" "-•returned the 'bal l t b the:fori^-fiye yard/line.• ' ::i^Dra;pfer/and /Downs made the / distance.^ • Notre-Daine failed .to.'iriakeftheir yards , ar id/ ; , Draper p.unted.; Thomas, Allen jConyiUe,and

196 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

King carried the ball s traight down the iield t o Notre Dame's four-3'^ard line, and Allen took i t over after three minutes of play. Johnson kicked goal. Purdue, 6 ; Notre Dame, 0.

Draper kicked off t o Zimmerman who returned twentv vards. Thomas and Allen made first down. Purdue w a s penalized, and Conville punted t o Draper. Purdue w^as again penalized. Notre Dame could no t gain and Draper punted. Allen and King carried the ball the greater p a r t of the distance for the second score, Hoffmark going over. Johnson missed goal. Purdue, 1 1 ; Notre Dame, 0.

Draper kicked t o Zimmerman who returned ten 3'ards. Thomas, King and Frushour carried the ball t o Notre Dame's twenty-3'-ard line where Johnson tried a drop kick. The kick w^as blocked, bu t Johnson recoA' ered the ballT Frushour and King made twen ty yards in four pla3'^s, King scoring. Johnson missed goal. Purdue, 1 6 ; Notre Dame, 0.

Draper kicked t o Johnson who made no gain. Johnson and Thomas tore off a fifteen and ten-yard gain each. Zimmerman foliow^ed with twelve vards around left end. King hurdled and added ten more. Allen ran fifteen yards for a touchdown. Johnson missed goal. Purdue, 2 1 ; Notre Dame, 0.

Draper kicked off, the ball going over the line. Conville punted out from the tw^enty-

-five yard line t o McAvoy who returned fifteen yards . Notre Dame failed t o gain and Draper punted t o Shakleton who w a s downed in his t racks by Callicrate. Purdue failed t o gain. Conville punted t o McNemy. Downs made six yards off right tackle. On a fake play McNerny booted the ball over Purdue's goal and Silver fell on it, bu t he w a s declared offside and the score w^as no t allowed. On another fake Draper go t around end for thirty-five yards . Notre Dame could n o t gain, however, and Draper w a s forced t o t r y a place kick w^hich failed. An exchange of punts followed, the half ending with the ball in the centre of the field in Purdue's possession.

SECOND HALF.

Draper kicked off t o Thomas who returned ten yards . Thomas and Conville carried the ball t o Notre Dame's t w e n t y - y a r d line. Allen made twelve yards and repeated, for

eight and a touchdown. Johnson failed a t goal. Purdue, 2 6 ; Notre Dame, 0.

Draper kicked t o Conville who returned twent3'- 3'ards. Thomas and Zimmerman made steady gains through the line and off tackle, and then Notre Dame's defense stiffened. Conville was forced t o punt .

McNern3'' ran thirt3'' - five 3'-ards on a quar ter -back run. Downs failed in t w o at tempts and Draper punted. Conville and Thomas, aided by Frushour and Longebaugh carried the ball t o Notre Dame's fifteen-yard line. Conville broke through centre and ran the distance for a touchdown. Allen kicked goal. Purdue, 3 2 ; Notre Dame, 0.

Seven minutes of plaA"" followed. Purdue kicked off t o Bracken wdio returned ten 3'-ards. McNem3'- go t awa3'- wi th a quarter­back run for twent3'' 3'-ards, bu t was called back for off- side play. The half ended with the ball in possession of Purdue on Notre Dame's twent3'^-five 3^ard line.

Callicrate F u n k ' Beacom Slieehan 'Donovan M. Downs , Heaty Silver, Bracken McNeniA-Draper McAvoA' W. Downs

LINE U P . L. E. L . T . L. G.

C. R. G. R; T. R. E. 0 . B. R. H . L. H . F . B .

Johnson Emeis Hoffmark AVellinghoff King Allen F r u s h o u r Shakel ton T h o m a s Zimmerman Conville

•Touchdowns—^Allen(3), Conville (2),King. Goals from touchdown—Johnson (2). Referee—Lieutenant Hackett, West Point. Umpire—~Sjt\\ry, Chicago. Head linesman— Windgard, Butler. Time of halves—^Thirt\^ and twentj ' minutes. Attendance—3,200.

* * The hal l - teams are w^orking daily in the

"Gym," and the coming In te r -Hal l Meet promises to be a big success. As yet Sorin has n o t had any ,men out, bu t when the time for the meet arrives the3'' can be relied upon t o " b e there,"

ersonais.

—In a letter received las t week from Mr. Dan Sully, t h a t accomplished a r t i s t - s a y s : " T h e entire company have talked of nothr ing else bu t the .Universit3" since our visit ; and I t ake this opportunity t o extend our hear ty thanks for _ the hospitable manner in which we were t reated."

NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 197

Illinois Students Organize.

In stimming up the number of students each s ta te sends t o Notre Dame annually, Illinois must be accorded first place. Fo r manj'- y^ears she has held this distinction a t Notre Dame, and for some time pas t the desirabilitj'' of forming some kind of a permanent organization w a s most appar­ent. I t would bring fellow-statesmen into closer relationship wi th one another ; strengthen the' bonds of college life- and make college daj'-s more congenial. Accord-ingh"- last Sa turday evening, Nov. 25, a large number of Illinois students assembled in the Main Building and the following officers were elected: Hon. President, Rev. Fa ther Cavanaugh; Sj)iritual Adviser, Rev. Fa ther Mar r ; Hon. Members, Rev. Fa thers Crumle3^, Regan, Maguire; Colonel Hoynes; Profs. McCue, Maurus and Cosgrove; R. A. Kasper, Chicago, President; James A. Dubbs, Mendota, Vice-President; James J. Flaherty, Peru, Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer; John D. L^mch, Monmouth, Recording Secretary'-; and F r a n k Munson, Mendota, Sergeant -a t -Arms.

Speeches were made by the officers-elect, thanking the members for the honors bestowed upon theni and expressing the intention of doing all in their power t o further the interests of the club. Several plans were put before the house, chief among them t h a t of holding a dance in Chicago during the Christmas holidays, uiider the auspices of the club. The venture w a s discussed a t some length, and a committee appointed t o look into the mat te r and report a t the next meet ing on December 2. At present the organization numbers about fifty members, which includes a number of the graduat ing class of '06.

Pennsylvanians Banquet.

humor were indulged in t o make the evening pleasant.

Gallitzen Farabaugh, of Loret to , first president and organizer of the dub , w a s toastmaster , Edward H. Schwab of Loret to , ex-president, w a s the first speaker, and being^ a professor of l a w a t Notre Dame Univer­sity, his subject w a s " L a w and Lawyers of Pennsylvania." The idea he developed w a s the uprightness, integrity and leamin or

The Pennsylvania Club of Notre Dame held their customary ante-Christmas banquet a t the Oliver Hotel las t evening, forty-four members from the Keystone Sta te being present. In addition t o good things for the stomach, spices of wi t and flavorings of

of men of legal lore a w a y back in t h a t commonwealth.

Mr. Schwab ^ ' a s followed by Prof. Benitz, formerly of Pit tsburg, head of the depart­ment of mathematics a t Notre Dame. His subject w a s "The Comparison between the Dry and Unwholesome Science of Figures, and the Interesting and Toothsome Science of the Kitchen."

M. A. Diskin, of Scottdale, president of the organization, spoke upon the history^ of the club, w h a t i t had done for Notre Dame, how i t has led in social mat te rs of the University, and rehearsed the prospects for the future. Edward Monaghan, treasurer, delighted the banqueters in his tmique and inimitable w a y by a most learned defense of small towns and villages in general and his own native " b u r g " in particular.

Dr. Brown of Philadelphia made a fitting close t o the list, speaking upon the subject of " Brotherly Love," how i t ought and does animate and inspire every citizen of the Kej-stone State, and t h a t n o t only is his native city ix. city of fi"atemal feeling, bu t the s ta te itself s tands out as a s ta te of brotherly love.

The club attended the Oliver theatre, a t which w a s produced " M r s . Wiggs of the Cabbage Pa tch ," and between the acts the students delighted the audience wi th the song, "Good Old Penn."

The Pennsylvania Club w a s the first organization of i ts kind a t Notre Dame. I t s history extends over a brief period of three years during which time i t has had a goodly share in the making of social history a t the University and won an enviable reputat ion for itself.

• Arrangements are n o w abou t completed for the annual New Year's reception t o be held in Pi t tsburg. The affair is a lways looked forward t o by P i t t sburg society a n d . especially-by friends of the d u b .

198 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

L A W D E P A R T M E N T .

CASS "AND MASON V. BROAVNI •

(NOTRE DAiEE>I00T-C0URT.)

.The plaintiifs in, this case are par tners and engaged in the fruit business.. They have a larare wholesale and retail s tore in. South Bend and ship yearly la rge . quantities of fruit t o Chicago. Thej^ are. nained respec­tively Caleb Cass and,, Mil ton-Mason, and do business under the firm name of Cass and Mason. On the. 7th. of September, 1903, tiiej'- entered .into a contract wi th Walter Warren, of W^arrenton, Berrien.. Countj'', Mich., which contract is couched in the words and. figures • following, t o w i t : .

. •: ."SOUTH: BEND, IND., Sept. 7, 1903.-

" I t is hereby agreed bv and between Cass and : Mason of South Bend," S t . - Joseph County, . Indiana, and' 'Walter Warren of W^arrenton; Berrien- Countj'-, Michigan, t h a t the said Walter Warren ' hereby sells and undertakes t o deliver, no t later than' October 1st, 1904, t o . the , said Cass '^nd Mason lOjOQO baskets of grapes and .2000 barrels of apples. He guarahtees. herfebj'- t o furnish the" same undfer this contract a t the'lprices respectively of 25 ' cen t s p^r .basket for the grapes and $1.00 per bafrel for the 'apples. And the, said . Cass- and . 'Mason' a^ree, ' to accept "the same a t ".the prices''stated". " '

• •-. , v " C a s s . ^ a n d ' M a s o n ; ; ' - . •' '''V - -V- '..:^^ '•-'• •'• ".Walter-Warreii."^'*'

• •:. • : - . - > - ^ ; ,, : -.. ; :'-/x\.r '-• .'!'r^ r-- •• -• •Grapes, and apples .were ,.comparatively

scarce ^ in i.tlie year . -1904'.-.-~ Hence they advanced m a t e r i a l l y in price.- ; In July Cass 5& M^asbn notified Warren t h a t they desired t o receive'the fruit a t ' a s 'early .a d a v a s practicable." He ainswered ^:that.. he .would. s tand by his agreement in ally respects and. begin .to make shipments .as. soon as possible.

About. -the:,middle. of. September Benj amin; B / -Brown, of-;Southl Bend,. visited; Warreii, and maliciously. J spughtj.'tp^.d^ from.carrying out;his.contract.wi;th Cass.&; Mason. . .Brown is .\a .business, cornpetitor and has maliciouslv-soujarht for.,a.lohff. t ime ' and in many w- aj s t o injure.themV .September 25t l i 'he induced^the firni; of^Sears:& Harlan, ' of Cliicagp, t o - j'send; a fepresjehtatiye; :tO-.

^ p u t h Bend itf t h e r interest;^^

t o buy all the fruit on Warren's place. He entertained this representative, a man named Edward \Yalker,'"at his ' own home, and accompanied him next da '- to Warren ton. On arrival they proceeded, t o Warren's place, and' Browii introduced Walker, referring in most complimentiary terms t o ' h i m and the house he • represented; An offer of $3,750 w a s -madie for 15,000 baskets of grapes and $2000, for 2000 barrels of" apples, the supply t h a t Warren had then oh hand, in preparat ion for shipment. Walker agreed also on behalf of his house t o pay the freight.- The offer w a s accepted ^DJ Warren,' w^ho, on the ' same day, wro te Cass and Mason t o the effect t h a t he had sold all the fruit growm' on his place t o Chicago parties and; t h a t consequently he' had none t o ship t o .South-'Bend. Cass &" Masoii ^thereby suffered . an approximate loss of $2700

On'inquiry aihd investigation tliej find t h a t all the property in Warren 's name is. heavily mortgaged, .and t h a t i t would be useless t o sue hiih; as. he i^ practically bankruiSt. He has ' nothing t h a t could -be . taken under

. execution. Hence they sue Brown, whose w^rongful and malicious interference caused

. Warren "to break his contract wath thein. J. HoYNES.—It appears t h a t the defen­

dan t s o u g h t ' actively t o - prevent , Wari-en from delivering ..to" the ' plain"tiff the fruit-specified in the-"c6ntract and as actively endeavored' t o induce h'im^ sell i t t o t he , Chicago''firm, which actually purchased and rec'eiv^d'it.' The ma t t e r is n o t compHcated b'y "any qiiestion of trade, competition, for a, person is^not forbidden t o buy goods sinaply

. because the "seller-had p rev ious^ agreed t o sell them" to"'sPrnebodv else. The defendant

. "w-as not: a" p a r t y t p the. cpntract , nor was he ' i n ' ahy w:^y "personally concerned in it.

- Nevertheless,. he ^actively, wantonly and : malicipusly interfered.:-with it, coming ? between Warren and. the plaintiffs and

causing i t t o be-broken; If his ' act in the premises were prpper ..and legal, his raotiye,

; np.?r;riiatterT .hp"Wi malicipus,;.could cut no figureinjthe.case: .for i t ;is.immaterial "vvith

; what;.^Jmotiye ::a,».la"wftil -act ' i s regularly performed. ;.[But-;\here_jtherie is : no- legal

. jilstificatipn f'fpr;; ; jnterfenng..- . .The' Sta tute ,

NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 199

of Laborers, 25 Ed.-III . , provided. that , any interference b\^ a third person between a master and his, s,er\'-ant, causing • the. la t ter t o quit the service, thus breaking-his con­t r ac t .with the • master,' was actionable, and entitled the master t o damages. T h a t s ta tu te has been re-enacted, in modified form in •man3'' of our states, and i t may be .said t o have entered in broadened meaning the sphere of the common law^. In Kentuckj^ and some other jurisdictionsj hoAvever, the courts still adhere t o the old. and con­servative rule. They betraj'^ a decided reluctance t o broaden, its application t o contracts for the sale of goods and chattels, or no t involving the relation of master arid servant—^Cizam&ers -v. Baldwin, 91 Ky.-121; Boulier v. Macauley, Id.—135; Hejw-ood y. Tillsojh 75 Me-225;. Brj^son r . Thorn, 98 Cal-578. .But the British courts and a majority of our own recognize and apply t h e ' rule in - i ts broadened meaning. They take the view t h a t a duty rests upon all third persons a.like riot, t o interfere wi th the due performance of a contract between other parties. These have a r i g h t in rem to the observance of. t h a t duty by all others. According t o this view, cuij person who unjustifiably induces one of t w o oir more parties t o a contract t o break it, intending thereby to injure the other, o r ' t o ob ta in ,a benefit for himself, is answerable in damages for the injiir^T'thereby caused t o the person or persons whom he has thtis wronged. In -short, i t is an actionable wrong .maliciously to , induce another t o break a contract.— Brown v. Hall, 6 Q. B. Div-339; Liimleyir. Gye, 2 El. & B1.-216 ; Angle r. Chicago, etc., Ry. Co., 151 U.:S.-1'; Lucke v/Clothing Cut­ters, 77 Md-396; Chipiey Y. Atkinson, 23 Fla-2p6; Van Horn v. .Van Horn, 56 N. / . - • L.r318; Morgan v. Andrews] 107 Mich.-33; Doreniiis v. Hennessy, 17.6 111.-608.

The deriiurrer is therefore .over-ruled; and . i t is ordered, adjudged and decreed t h a t the plaintiffs recover from said defendarit the: damages actually sustairied 'b3'' therii in. corinection w^ith the, breach of contract as aforesaid. The clerk will compute and assess-the same,; together with; costs.

Local Items.

* *

The law students will meet a t 8:00. pi m. to-night and organize,.a., debating-society.

—Where's E. 'Str ing 's guess: , , -

—S - ---. i r, the .worst is., over. - .

—A fine chance t o studv na ture this vekr.

—^The regular bi-monthly examinations are scheduled for December I S and 1 9 . . / .

—^The broken .pieces of the old fountain south of the. Sacred Hea r t s ta tue have :been removed. ' . . . - —Students sitt ing near the south door: of the Senior refectory will be pleased.to learn t h a t the door will be locked during thCimeal hours this winter. . .; . . . . . ' .

—The list of entries for the .Not re Dame^ I o w a Debate now numbers over fifty; and more men are expected t o hand in their-names within the ^^eek. , ;

—The recent installation of electric lights in the post ofiSce has already proved an inestimable boon t o the students as .wel l as t o the postmaster, and his assistants..

^^Owing t o the increased size of the special-. Christmas number, . and the extra w o r k a t t endan t on its publication, .there-will be no issue of. the SCHOLASTIC until Dec. 16, wh ich will be the las t one of the seriiester.- : ,.

, —A pleasing fall and winter effect in t h e ' landscape a t Notre Dame is obtained'from the red-stemmed dogwood, bushes, which have been planted a t the edge of the grounds near the Grot to and by the narrow: .inlet a t the west end of St.. Joseph's Lake.

— In northern Indiana the winter season, usually begins about Thanksgiving Day. I t is n o t inappropriate t h a t there is a snow, fall on tha t , day,-for the falling flakes seen from our comfortable hojises.emphasizes the" dutj- of thanksgiving- for the great blessings < we .enjoy. . . ; . ... • - .

—^The. Minim's Gym has been enlarged one-third of the required size and las t Mondays night i t w:as formally: opened.. New lockers' have been installed and everything possible has been done t o provide a safe, and pleasant room for the little fellows t o spend the long winter days in., . ' ., : . • • . .

—Mr. .Sully's characterization of Fa the r ,Daly in ."Our P a s t o r " w^as so perfect t h a t one« of the students < asked: " Is he really a priest? " If. the accomplished actor heard t h i s , question he Would surely feel coriipliriiented. Mr. Sully said t h a t he never before' had such an appreciative audience as t h a t which witnessed his performance'here.. . .. .- • •

^-An impor tan t case will be tried in Moot-: . Court this afternoon a t 4 : 3 0 p . m . The* counsel are Messrs. Brown and? McGariribn for plaintiff; Messrs. Fa rabaugh and Harizel/ for defendant. . .

200 NOTRJEL DAME SCHOLASTIC.

—^November 30 marked the s ixty-third anniversary of Fa the r Sorin's first Mass a t Notre Dame. He offered the divine m\'^steries in a rude chapel in a log cabin, which was the onh^ structure standing on these grounds in the midst of a mightA^ forest of oaks. What a T\'ondrous transformation has been wrought since, and t h a t within the limits of a lifetime.

—^The imj)osing granite pedestal for Fa the r Sorin's s ta tue was pu t up las t week. Canton Bros, of Barre, Vt,, furnished the stone, which w^as cut from a block tweiitj'- feet in length. The crevices between the slabs and-the shaft were filled with lead t o keep out wa te r and frost, which W-buld eventualU"-crack the stone. The height of the pedestal is twelve feet and i ts width a t the base ten feet. . .

—Waive all further disputes concerning the weather, for wanter has undeniablj- made his appearance were w e t o judge \yj the pleasant surprise he gave us on Thursday'' morning. The first snow for this season has fallen. Before long, thinks the weather-wise observer, studying the present barometric uncertainty there will be another downfall of glistening flakes t o whiten the fields— those happ3'- fields reminiscent of still happier days t h a t are no more.

—Saturday night saw the great meeting of the Western Club. The purpose of this club is t o bring together, in a social w^aj'-, all the bo3'S of the great West, and later on t o secure them a banquet. The following officers were chosen: Fa ther Cavanaugh, Honora ry President; Fa ther Alarr, Spiritual Adviser;"^P. M. Malloy, President; J . T. Keefe, Yice-President; T. Joj'ce Secretarj'^; John W. Aladden, Treasurer; T. A. Tobin, Sergeant-at-Arms. Meetings will be held, the night of every full moon.

—On account of the number of entries in the competition for the Breen Oratorical medal i t wras necessarj'- t o hold a preliminary contest on Monday last. The judges were Fa thers Crumlej'^, Trahey and Schumacher. The successful candidates and their speeches w^ere as follows: 1st, Patr ick M. Malloy, "Joanne of A r c " ; 2d, Cornelius J. Hagertj--, "Leader of the Los^t Cause" ; 3d, Edward F . O'Flynn, " Savona ro la" ; 4th, Joseph J.

-Boyle, "Rober t Emmet t . " The final contest will be held Dec. 6.

—If the fabled Ali Baba had only happened a longIhe main corridor on the second floor of-Sorin Hall las t Thursday m o r n i n g wath his ' 'Open Sesame," a certain freshman lawyer w^ ould have w^elcomed him mos t joyfally, for the aforesaid gentleman having tried sundry keys, .to w i t ; one hundred in number, in a vain endeavor t o unlock a recalcitrant door and gain admission t o .

his domestic domicile, w^ould have given all he jDOSsessed if he could have availed himself of the magical words. Howbeit he succeeded a t last, and the latest advices report t h a t he is in imminent danger of being drowned in his ow^n tears of J03'.

—The Brownson Literarv- and Debating Society'- held another meeting November 23. An amendment was made t o the constitu­tion t o the effect t h a t the societ3'' should open and close wi th a prayer ; this being in response t o Mr. Depew's convincing arguments. Another amendment passed w a s : " T h a t - a n assessment be hereafter made instead of regular dues." St, Josej)h's society has chosen as the subject for the debate with Brownson on J a n u a i y 2 4 : "Resolved, T h a t all nat ions should disarm; and. depend on arbi t ra t ion for the settlement of disputes." St. Joseph's will uphold the affirmative side, while Brownson will pin their faith on the negative.

—An interesting feature in the meetings of the Brownson Debating Societj-- is the p a r t t h a t Mr. Pamphile Depew takes in the debates and discussions. Mr. Depew is frankness itself; He is also ut terly olDlivious t o anything resembling ridicule. He can ta lk wi th perfect calmness w^hile others con­tinually laugh either a t his manner of speaking or a t the refreshing openness with w^hich he expresses his opinions. He has

. something t o socj about every ma t t e r brought before the society, and his ideas alway^s t h row light on the subject. His colleagues have a genuine regard for his w o r t h as a man and for his efforts as a speaker. His one drawback is his awkw^ard use of* English, which is no t his mother

. tongue, Mr. Depew's example should be helpful t o the ultra-timid members, w^ho fear nothing so much as being laughed a t ,

—At last Wednesdav's meeting of the Senior Par l iamentary Law^ Class, drawings for places on the preliminary debates v ' ere made. Forty-tw^o candidates have alreadj'-received places, and i t is hoped t h a t this number will be greatly increased before the next meeting. The University will probably have t w o debates this year, one with Iowa, and one wi th DePauw. The question for debate has no t yet been chosen, bu t will be selected as soon as possible t o give the can­didates an opportuniiy t o look up material during the Christmas vacation. The manner of choosing, the teams w ill be the same as las t year. There will be no rebuttals in the preliminaries, bu t they Avill be required in the semi-finals and finals. Both the lowa^ and DePauw debates will probably be held in Washington Hall, A debate will possibly be arranged between the Notre Dame L a w school, and the l aw school representing Georgetown University.