NRF_Retail_Impact_Report.pdf

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www.pwc.com/us/nes

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT

OF THE U.S. RETAILINDUSTRY

Prepared for

National Retail Federation

August 2011


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The Economic Impact of the U.S. Retail Industry

This document has been prepared pursuant to an engagement between PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and itsClient. As to all other parties, it is for general information purposes only, and should not be used as asubstitute for consultation with professional advisors.

THEECONOMICIMPACTOFTHEU.S.RETAILINDUSTRY

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY E-1

I. INTRODUCTION 1

II. INDUSTRY DEFINITION 3

III. NATIONAL RESULTS 6

IV. STATE RESULTS 11

V. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT RESULTS 26

APPENDICES

A. DETAILED STATE-BY-STATE OPERATIONAL IMPACT RESULTS A-1

B. DATA SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY B-1


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E-1

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE U.S.RETAIL INDUSTRY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The National Retail Federation engaged PwC to quantify the impact of the retail industry

on the U.S. economy. In evaluating the retail industry's economic impacts, this reportconsiders three separate channels -- the direct, indirect, and induced impacts -- that inaggregate provide a measure of the total economic impact of the retail industry:

Direct impact is measured as the jobs, labor income, and gross domesticproduct ("GDP") within the retail industry.

Indirect impactis measured as the jobs, labor income, and GDP occurringin other industries due to the retail industry's purchases of inputs other thanmerchandise intended for resale.

Induced impactis measured as the jobs, labor income, and GDP resultingfrom household spending of income earned either directly or indirectly fromthe retail industry's economic activities.

This report finds that there are over 3.6 million retail establishments (including foodservices and drinking places) across the country, accounting for 11.9 percent of all

business establishments in the country. These retail businesses directly provided28.1 million full-time and part-time jobs in 2009. The industry's direct labor incomeimpact was estimated to be $770 billion or 8.7 percent of the national labor income in2009. The industry directly added $1.2 trillion to GDP, accounting for 8.5 percent ofU.S. GDP in 2009 (see Table E-1).

Table E-1. The Retail Industry's Direct National Impact, 2009

Item Direct National

Impact

Percent of U.S.

Economy

Establishments(1) 3,617,486 11.9%

Employment (Jobs)(2) 28,113,476 16.3%

Labor Income(3) $770.1 billion 8.7%

GDP $1.20 trillion 8.5%

Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database) and data from the U.S.Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Census Bureau, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. For this study, theretail industry is defined to include retail trade and food services and drinking places.

(1) An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted. A business may consist of

more than one establishment.(2) Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.(3) Labor income is defined as annual wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.


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E-2

As a point of reference, the retail industry (including food services and drinking places)was the largest private-sector employer in the country in 2009, providing more directjobs than every other industry at the 2-digit NAICS code level (see Table E-2a). Interms of the direct GDP impact, the retail industry is ranked as the third largest amongall 2-digit NAICS industries (see Table E-2b).

Table E-2a. Direct Employment by 2-Digit NAICS Industry, 2009

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database).

Table E-2b. Direct GDP by 2-Digit NAICS Industry, 2009


Industry DescriptionEmployment

(Jobs)

Retail trade (including food services and drinking places) 28,113,476

Health care and social assistance 18,7 82,100

Manufacturing 12,393,7 00

Professional, scientific, and technical services 11,828,800

Administrativ e and waste serv ices 9,939,300

Other services, except public administration 9,882,500

Construction 9,505,000

Finance and insurance 9,432,000

Real estate and rental and leasing 7 ,534,100

Wholesale trade 6,1 61 ,90 0

Transportation and warehousing 5,499,300

Educational services 3,923,400

Arts, entertainment, and recreatio n 3,822,000

Agric ulture, forestry , fishing, and related activ ities 3,468,300

Information 3,359,300

Management of companies and enterprises 1,962,600

Mining 1,358,500

Utilities 600,200

Industry Description GDP ($Billion)

Real estate and rental and leasing $1 ,868.7

Manufacturing $1 ,584.8

Retail trade (inc lu ding food serv ic es and drinking places) $1,204.2

Finance and insurance $1 ,17 1 .6

Professional, scientific, and technical serv ices $1 ,068.5

Health care and social assistance $1 ,057 .9

Wholesale trade $7 80.8

Information $639.4

Construction $537 .5

Transportation and warehousing $389.5Adm inistrativ e and waste serv ices $386.3

Other serv ices, ex cept public administration $335.4

Utilities $268.1

Management of companies and enterprises $246.5

Mining $240.8

Educational serv ices $154.9

Agriculture , fore stry , fishing, and hunting $133 .1

Arts, entertainme nt, and re cre ation $1 27 .3


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E-3

Total National Impact

Counting the direct, indirect, and induced impacts, the retail industry's totalemployment impact on the national economy in 2009 amounted to 41.6 million full-timeand part-time jobs, accounting for 24.1 percent of total national employment (seeTable E-3). The industry's total labor income impact was estimated to be $1.49 trillion

or 16.9 percent of national labor income in 2009. The industry's total GDP impact was$2.48 trillion, accounting for 17.6 percent of U.S. GDP in 2009.

Table E-3. Total Impact of the Retail Industry on the U.S. Economy, 2009

Item Total NationalImpact

Percent of U.S.Economy

Employment (Jobs)(1) 41,620,604 24.1%

Labor Income(2) $1.49 trillion 16.9%

GDP $2.48 trillion 17.6%Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database). For this study, the retailindustry is defined to include retail trade and food services and drinking places.

(1) Employment is defined as the number of direct, indirect, and induced payroll and self-employed jobs,including part-time jobs.

(2) Labor income is defined as annual wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.


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E-4

Retail Establishments by State

The economic impact of the retail industry reaches all 50 states and the District ofColumbia. The total number of retail establishments ranged from 8,300 (Wyoming) toover 400,000 (California). The top 15 states, in terms of the total number of retailestablishments in 2009 were California, Texas, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois,

Ohio, Georgia, Michigan, North Carolina, New Jersey, Virginia, Tennessee, Indiana, andWashington. Combined these states account for nearly 65 percent of the total retailestablishments in the country (see Table E-4a).

Table E-4a. The Retail Industry's Direct Impact on the States in 2009Top 15 States, Ranked by the Number of Retail Establishments

Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database) and data from the U.S.

Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Census Bureau, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. For this study, theretail industry is defined to include retail trade and food services and drinking places.

(1) Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.(2) Labor income is defined as annual wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.(3) An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted. A business may consist of

more than one establishment.

Jobs

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

($ Million)

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

($ Million)

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

Units

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

1 California 3,116,714 11.1% $100,558 13.1% $157,574 13.1% 401,143 11.1%

2 Texas 2,282,733 8.1% $60,291 7.8% $93,072 7.7% 287,295 7.9%

3 Florida 1,719,913 6.1% $49,607 6.4% $76,431 6.3% 250,201 6.9%4 New Y ork 1,569,889 5.6% $49,090 6.4% $78,293 6.5% 248,736 6.9%

5 Pennsylvania 1,162,144 4.1% $29,715 3.9% $47,341 3.9% 153,237 4.2%

6 Illinois 1,129,952 4.0% $30,997 4.0% $48,060 4.0% 136,767 3.8%

7 Ohio 1,089,389 3.9% $26,475 3.4% $41,669 3.5% 130,943 3.6%

8 Georgia 858,564 3.1% $22,622 2.9% $35,079 2.9% 115,061 3.2%

9 Michigan 866,422 3.1% $21,108 2.7% $32,563 2.7% 110,056 3.0%

10 North Carolina 854,919 3.0% $21,847 2.8% $33,585 2.8% 107,635 3.0%

11 New Jersey 759,760 2.7% $24,710 3.2% $39,940 3.3% 103,269 2.9%

12 Vir ginia 744,870 2.6% $19,527 2.5% $30,279 2.5% 84,180 2.3%

13 Tennessee 605,776 2.2% $16,354 2.1% $25,348 2.1% 75,455 2.1%

14 Indiana 606,758 2.2% $14,118 1.8% $21,898 1.8% 72,550 2.0%

1 5 Washington 602,477 2.1% $18,162 2.4% $29,621 2.5% 71,939 2.0%

Retail

Establishments(3)

Rank State

Direct

Employment(1)

Direct Labor

Income(2) Direct GDP


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E-5

Retail Employment by State

The number of jobs directly attributable to the retail industry's operations ranged from alow of 61,000 (Wyoming) to over 3.1 million (California). The top 15 states, in terms ofthe number of retail jobs in 2009 were California, Texas, Florida, New York,Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, Michigan, Georgia, North Carolina, New Jersey, Virginia,

Massachusetts, Indiana, and Tennessee. Combined these states account for nearly65 percent of the total national retail employment (see Table E-4b).

Table E-4b. The Retail Industry's Direct Impact on the States in 2009Top 15 States, Ranked by Retail Employment

Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database) and data from the U.S.Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Census Bureau, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. For this study, the

retail industry is defined to include retail trade and food services and drinking places.



Jobs

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

($ Million)

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

($ Million)

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

Units

Percent

of U.S.

Retail

1 California 3,116,714 11.1% $100,558 13.1% $157,574 13.1% 401,143 11.1%

2 Texas 2,282,733 8.1% $60,291 7.8% $93,072 7.7% 287,295 7.9%

3 Florida 1,719,913 6.1% $49,607 6.4% $76,431 6.3% 250,201 6.9%

4 New Yo rk 1,569,889 5.6% $49,090 6.4% $78,293 6.5% 248,736 6.9%5 Pennsylvania 1,162,144 4.1% $29,715 3.9% $47,341 3.9% 153,237 4.2%

6 Illinois 1,129,952 4.0% $30,997 4.0% $48,060 4.0% 136,767 3.8%

7 Ohio 1,089,389 3.9% $26,475 3.4% $41,669 3.5% 130,943 3.6%

8 Michigan 866,422 3.1% $21,108 2.7% $32,563 2.7% 110,056 3.0%

9 Georgia 858,564 3.1% $22,622 2.9% $35,079 2.9% 115,061 3.2%

10 North Carolina 854,919 3.0% $21,847 2.8% $33,585 2.8% 107,635 3.0%

11 New Jersey 759,760 2.7% $24,710 3.2% $39,940 3.3% 103,269 2.9%

12 Virginia 744,870 2.6% $19,527 2.5% $30,279 2.5% 84,180 2.3%

13 Massachusetts 631,197 2.2% $18,642 2.4% $29,323 2.4% 71,787 2.0%

14 Indiana 606,758 2.2% $14,118 1.8% $21,898 1.8% 72,550 2.0%

15 Tennessee 605,776 2.2% $16,354 2.1% $25,348 2.1% 75,455 2.1%

Retail

Establishments(3)

Rank State

Direct

Employment(1)

Direct Labor

Income(2) Direct GDP


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E-6

Per Capita Retail GDP by State

The top 15 states in terms of per capita GDP directly attributable to the retail industry'soperations in 2009 were New Hampshire ($5,667), District of Columbia ($5,278),Connecticut ($5,048), Nevada ($4,987), Hawaii ($4,968), Vermont ($4,749), Alaska($4,672), Maine ($4,658), New Jersey ($4,587), Massachusetts ($4,447), Washington

($4,445), Wyoming ($4,334), North Dakota ($4,292), Delaware ($4,284), and California($4,263) (see Table E-4c).

Table E-4c. The Retail Industry's Direct Impact on the States in 2009Top 15 States, Ranked by Per Capita Retail GDP

Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database). For this study, the retailindustry is defined to include retail trade and food services and drinking places.

Direct GDP

Per Capita ($)

1 New Hampshire $5,667

2 District o f Columbia $5,2783 Connecticut $5,0484 Nevada $4,9875 Hawaii $4,9686 Vermont $4,7497 Alaska $4,6728 Maine $4,6589 New Jersey $4,587

10 Massachusetts $4,44711 Washingto n $4,44512 Wyoming $4,33413 North Dakota $4,29214 Delaware $4,284

15 California $4,263

StateRank


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E-7

Per Capita Retail Labor Income by State

The top 15 states in terms of per capita labor income directly attributable to the retailindustry's operations in 2009 were District of Columbia ($3,634), New Hampshire($3,504), Nevada ($3,330), Hawaii ($3,286), Connecticut ($3,069), Alaska ($2,984),

Vermont ($2,945), Maine ($2,879), New Jersey ($2,838), Massachusetts ($2,827),

Wyoming ($2,797), North Dakota ($2,775), Delaware ($2,773), Washington ($2,725),and California ($2,721) (see Table E-4d).

Table E-4d. The Retail Industry's Direct Impact on the States in 2009Top 15 States, Ranked by Per Capita Retail Labor Income



Direct Labor

Income(1)

Per Capita ($)

1 District o f Columbia $3,634

2 New Hampshire $3,5043 Nevada $3,3304 Hawaii $3,2865 Connecticut $3,0696 Alaska $2,9847 Vermont $2,9458 Maine $2,8799 New Jersey $2,838

10 Massachusetts $2,82711 Wyoming $2,79712 North Dakota $2,77513 Delaware $2,77314 Washingto n $2,725

15 California $2,721

Rank State


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E-8

Total Employment Impact by State

Counting the direct, indirect and induced impacts, the total number of full-time andpart-time jobs attributable to the retail industry's operations ranged from 81,000(Wyoming) to 4.8 million (California) in 2009. The top 15 states, in terms of the totalnumber of jobs directly or indirectly attributable to the retail industry's operations in

2009 were California, Texas, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, Georgia,Michigan, North Carolina, New Jersey, Virginia, Massachusetts, Tennessee, and

Washington. Combined these states account for nearly 65 percent of the total jobsattributable to the retail industry's operations (see Table E-5a).

Table E-5a. The Retail Industry's Total Impact on the States in 2009Top 15 States, Ranked by Total Employment Impact




Jobs

Percent

of State

Total

($ Million)

Percent

of State

Total

($ Million)

Percent

of State

Total

1 California 4,783,627 24.1% $200,468 17.3% $333,741 17.8%

2 Texas 3,374,411 24.3% $117,426 16.5% $201,280 16.4%3 Florida 2,607,843 26.8% $90,589 20.7% $151,762 21.3%

4 New Y ork 2,333,626 21.5% $101,568 14.6% $168,353 15.5%

5 Pennsylvania 1,697,147 24.0% $58,372 16.4% $96,749 17.4%

6 Illinois 1,693,548 23.4% $63,756 16.1% $105,357 16.6%

7 Ohio 1,564,384 24.4% $49,294 16.7% $81,895 17.6%

8 Georgia 1,261,347 24.1% $42,871 16.9% $72,572 17.6%

9 Michigan 1,254,843 25.1% $40,198 16.9% $67,052 17.5%

1 0 North Carolina 1,239,009 23.9% $39,558 16.7% $65,736 17.5%

11 New Jersey 1,110,430 22.6% $46,907 15.7% $79,060 16.5%

12 Virginia 1,046,203 22.1% $36,520 13.6% $60,379 14.8%

13 Massachusetts 920,621 22.7% $37,776 15.2% $61,496 16.1%

14 Tennessee 884,161 25.1% $29,470 18.6% $48,733 19.3%

15 Washington 881,938 23.0% $33,402 16.0% $56,782 17.3%

Employment(1)

Labor Income(2) GDP

Rank State


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E-9

Total Employment Share by State

The top 15 states in terms of the percentage of jobs directly or indirectly attributable tothe retail industry's operations in 2009 were New Hampshire (27.3 percent), Nevada(27.1 percent), Florida (26.8 percent), Arizona (25.9 percent), Maine (25.6 percent),South Carolina (25.6 percent), Michigan (25.1 percent), Tennessee (25.1 percent),

Wisconsin (24.9 percent), Oregon (24.8 percent), Indiana (24.6 percent), Missouri(24.5 percent), Ohio (24.4 percent), Montana (24.4 percent), and Texas (24.3 percent)(see Table E-5b).

Table E-5b. The Retail Industry's Total Impact on the States in 2009Top 15 States, Ranked by Employment Share




Jobs

Percent

of State

Total

($ Million)

Percent

of State

Total

($ Million)

Percent

of State

Total

1 New Hampshire 222,787 27.3% $7,928 20.1% $13,283 21.4%

2 Nevada 402,705 27.1% $14,616 20.3% $24,063 20.2%

3 Florida 2,607,843 26.8% $90,589 20.7% $151,762 21.3%4 Arizona 825,526 25.9% $29,340 19.3% $49,638 19.7%

5 Maine 206,768 25.6% $6,309 19.1% $10,466 20.7%

6 South Carolina 618,934 25.6% $18,348 18.3% $30,442 19.1%

7 Michigan 1,254,843 25.1% $40,198 16.9% $67,052 17.5%

8 Tennessee 884,161 25.1% $29,470 18.6% $48,733 19.3%

9 Wisconsin 848,002 24.9% $25,535 16.8% $42,531 17.7%

10 Oregon 540,270 24.8% $17,611 18.0% $29,124 19.0%

11 Indiana 856,530 24.6% $25,548 16.5% $42,519 17.0%

12 Missouri 859,441 24.5% $27,614 17.3% $45,589 18.2%

13 Ohio 1,564,384 24.4% $49,294 16.7% $81,895 17.6%

14 Montana 153,199 24.4% $4,067 17.7% $6,881 18.2%

15 Texas 3,374,411 24.3% $117,426 16.5% $201,280 16.4%

Employment(1)

Labor Income(2)

GDP

Rank State


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E-10

Retail Employment by Congressional District

At the congressional district level, the number of jobs directly attributable to the retailindustry was no less than 17,000 in any district in 2009. The retail industry directlyprovided 50,000 or more jobs in 373 congressional districts.

The top 15 congressional districts in terms of direct retail jobs in 2009 are listed inTable E-6, below. The 14th District of New York (which includes most of the East Sideof Manhattan, all of Roosevelt Island and the neighborhoods of Astoria, Long IslandCity, and Sunnyside in Queens) had the highest retail employment (165,366). The 8thdistrict of New York (covering most of Manhattan's Upper West Side, most parts ofHell's Kitchen, East Village, Chelsea, SoHo, Greenwich Village, TriBeCa, DowntownManhattan, and part of Brooklyn) had the second highest retail employment (154,644).Texas had three congressional districts among the top 15 ranked by retail employment:the 7th, 21st, and 24th. Nevada's 3rd, Montana's at-large congressional district, SouthCarolina's 1st, California's 8th and 30th, Minnesota's 3rd, Arizona's 5th, Georgia's 5th,South Dakota's at-large congressional district, and Colorado's 1st are also in the top 15congressional districts ranked by retail employment in 2009.

Table E-6. The Retail Industry's Direct Impact onCongressional Districts in 2009

Top 15 Congressional Districts, Ranked by Retail Employment




1 NY -14 165,366 $6,665 $10,740 15,921

2 NY -8 154,644 $6,085 $9,908 16,111

3 NV-3 118,370 $3,742 $5,604 11,102

4 MT-1 (At-Large) 112,584 $2,623 $4,036 16,007

5 TX-7 109,587 $3,059 $4,738 11,246

6 TX-24 105,810 $3,036 $4,875 10,977

7 SC-1 103,620 $2,637 $4,021 11,140

8 CA-30 102,844 $3,254 $5,159 13,2939 MN-3 102,034 $2,742 $4,517 8,438

10 AZ-5 101,963 $3,096 $5,003 9,601

11 CA-8 101,832 $4,008 $6,401 9,774

12 TX-21 100,299 $2,637 $4,085 10,738

13 GA-5 97,155 $2,787 $4,345 9,697

1 4 SD-1 (A t-Large) 95,876 $2,101 $3,290 12,990

15 CO-1 95,380 $2,725 $4,167 10,139

Employment

(Jobs)(1)Labor Income

($Million)(2)GDP

($Million)

Retail

Establishments(3)Congressional

DistrictRank


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E-11

Total Employment Impact by Congressional District

The top 15 congressional districts in terms of total jobs directly or indirectly attributableto the retail industry's operations in 2009 were New York's 14th (267,285) and 8th(240,548), Texas's 7th (170,435), 21st (145,630) and 24th (160,923), Illinois's 7th(169,021), Nevada's 3rd (165,455), California's 8th (161,369) and 30th (154,796),

Georgia's 5th (153,734), Montana's at-large congressional district (153,199), Arizona's5th (152,837), Minnesota's 3rd (146,616), South Carolina's 1st (144,602), and Colorado's1st (144,220) (see Table E-7).

Table E-7. The Retail Industry's Total Impact onCongressional Districts in 2009

Top 15 Congressional Districts, Ranked by Employment




1 NY -14 267,285 $17,856 $28,882

2 NY -8 240,548 $15,119 $24,373

3 TX-7 170,435 $7,276 $12,7214 IL-7 169,021 $8,016 $12,762

5 NV-3 165,455 $6,028 $9,790

6 CA-8 161,369 $8,824 $14,209

7 TX-24 160,923 $6,358 $11,099

8 CA-30 154,796 $6,899 $11,323

9 GA-5 153,734 $6,217 $11,028

1 0 MT-1 (At-Large) 153,199 $4,067 $6,881

11 AZ-5 152,837 $5,678 $9,720

12 MN-3 146,616 $5,473 $9,513

13 TX-21 145,630 $4,950 $8,180

14 SC-1 144,602 $4,145 $6,780

15 CO-1 144,220 $5,649 $9,633

Employment

(Jobs)(1)

Labor Incom e

($Million)(2)

GDP

($Million)

Congressional

DistrictRank


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1

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE U.S.RETAIL INDUSTRY

I. IntroductionThe National Retail Federation engaged PwC to quantify the impact of the retail industryon the U.S. economy. The retail industry comprises establishments engaged in retailingmerchandise and rendering services incidental to the sale of merchandise. The retailingprocess is the final step in the distribution of merchandise. The industry comprises twomain types of retailers: store and nonstore retailers.

1. Store retailers, as defined by the North American Industry ClassificationSystem (NAICS), operate fixed point-of-sale locations, located and designed toattract a high volume of walk-in customers. In general, retail stores haveextensive displays of merchandise and use mass-media advertising to attractcustomers. They typically sell merchandise to the general public for personal orhousehold consumption, but some also serve business and institutional clients.In addition to retailing merchandise, some types of store retailers are also

engaged in the provision of after-sales services, such as repair and installation.

2. Nonstore retailers, like store retailers, are organized to serve the generalpublic, but their retailing methods differ. As defined by NAICS, theestablishments of this subsector reach customers and market merchandise withmethods such as the broadcasting of "infomercials," the broadcasting andpublishing of direct-response advertising, the publishing of paper and electroniccatalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling from portablestalls (street vendors, except food), and distribution through vending machines.

In evaluating the retail industry's economic impacts, this report considers all threeimpacts -- direct, indirect, and induced -- that in aggregate provide a measure of the total

economic impact of the retail industry.

Four main metrics are used to quantify the direct economic impact of the retailindustry:

1. Number of establishments: An establishment is a single physical location atwhich business is conducted. A business may consist of more than oneestablishment.

2. Employment: Jobs are positions filled by part-time and full-time employees orby self-employed individuals.

3.

Labor income: This includes wages and salaries, commissions, vacation andsick-leave pay, fringe benefits, and all other forms of compensation, includingemployer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds andgovernment social insurance. It also includes proprietors income for self-employed individuals and partnerships.

4. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Also known as margin or value added,the retail industry's GDP refers to the difference between receipts or revenuesand the cost of goods sold.


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2

The economic impact of the retail industry extends beyond the industry itself. In its roleas the distributor of merchandise to the final consumer, the retail industry requires otherinputs from various industries (such as Real Estate, Business Services, Finance,

Accommodation, Communication Services, Transportation, and Wholesale Trade) for itsoperations. These industries, in turn, purchase goods and services from their supplychain, spurring further economic activities. These supply chain effects represent the

retail industry's indirecteconomic impact.

Additionally, the employees and business owners in the retail industry and its supplychain, in their role as consumers, purchase an array of goods and services, generatingfurther demands that ripple through the economy. These represent the retail industry'sinducedeconomic impact.

This study separately quantifies the industry's operational impact (due to itspurchases of intermediate inputs other than merchandise intended for resale) andcapital investment impact(due to its investment in new structures and equipment)at the national level. It further breaks out the industry's operational impactat thestate and congressional district level.1

The rest of this report is organized as follows. Section II defines the retail industry forthis study. Section III presents the retail industry's national economic impact.Section IV presents the industry's economic impact at the state level. Section Vhighlights the industry's economic impact at the congressional district level. A summarytable for each state with its full congressional district level results is included in

Appendix A. The data sources and methodology used in the impact analysis arediscussed inAppendix B.

1 The industry's capital investment impact is not quantified at the state level due to datalimitations.


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3

II. Industry DefinitionIn the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), the retail industry isdefined by two 2-digit NAICS codes: 44 and 45. In the Standard Industry Classification(SIC) system, the predecessor to the current NAICS system, the retail industry also

included food services and drinking places, now classified as a service sector underNAICS 722.

For this study, the retail industry is defined to include NAICS codes 44, 45 and 722, asshown in Table 1, below. Detailed NAICS descriptions follow the table.

Table 1. Composition of the Retail Industry in the StudyIMPLANSECTOR

NAICS Description

Retail Trade

320 441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers

321 442 Furniture and home furnishings stores

322 443 Electronics and appliances stores

323 444 Building material and garden equipment and suppliers dealers

324 445 Food and beverage stores

325 446 Health and personal care stores

326 447 Gasoline stations

327 448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores

328 451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores

329 452 General merchandise stores

330 453 Miscellaneous store retailers331 454 Nonstore retailers

Service Sector Formerly Classified as Retail Trade under the SIC Definition

413 722 Food services and drinking places

NAICS 441. Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers. Industries in the Motor Vehicleand Parts Dealers subsector retail motor vehicles and parts from fixed point-of-salelocations. Establishments in this subsector typically operate from a showroom and/oran open lot where the vehicles are on display. The display of vehicles and the relatedparts require little by way of display equipment. The personnel generally include both

the sales and sales support staff familiar with the requirements for registering andfinancing a vehicle as well as a staff of parts experts and mechanics trained to providerepair and maintenance services for the vehicles.

NAICS 442. Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores. Industries in theFurniture and Home Furnishings Stores subsector retail new furniture and homefurnishings from fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector usuallyoperate from showrooms and have substantial areas for the presentation of theirproducts. Many offer interior decorating services in addition to the sale of products.


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NAICS 443. Electronics and Appliance Stores. Industries in the Electronics andAppliance Stores subsector retail new electronics and appliances from point-of-salelocations. Establishments in this subsector often operate from locations that havespecial provisions for floor displays requiring special electrical capacity to accommodatethe proper demonstration of the products. The staff includes sales personnelknowledgeable in the characteristics and warranties of the line of goods retailed and may

also include trained repair persons to handle the maintenance and repair of theelectronic equipment and appliances. The classifications within this subsector are madeprincipally on the type of product and knowledge required to operate each type of store.

NAICS 444. Building Material and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers.Industries in the Building Material and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealerssubsector retail new building material and garden equipment and supplies from fixedpoint-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector have display equipmentdesigned to handle lumber and related products and garden equipment and supplies thatmay be kept either indoors or outdoors under covered areas. The staff is usuallyknowledgeable in the use of the specific products being retailed in the construction,repair, and maintenance of the home and associated grounds.

NAICS 445. Food and Beverage Stores. Industries in the Food and BeverageStores subsector usually retail food and beverages merchandise from fixed point-of-salelocations. Establishments in this subsector have special equipment (e.g., freezers,refrigerated display cases, refrigerators) for displaying food and beverage goods. Theyhave staff trained in the processing of food products to guarantee the proper storage andsanitary conditions required by regulatory authority.

NAICS 446. Health and Personal Care Stores. Industries in the Health andPersonal Care Stores subsector retail health and personal care merchandise from fixedpoint-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector are characterized principally bythe products they retail, and some health and personal care stores may have specialized

staff trained in dealing with the products. Staff may include pharmacists, opticians, andother professionals engaged in retailing, advising customers, and/or fitting the productsold to the customer's needs.

NAICS 447. Gasoline Stations. Industries in the Gasoline Stations subsector retailautomotive fuels (e.g., gasoline, diesel fuel, gasohol) and automotive oils or retail theseproducts in combination with convenience store items. These establishments havespecialized equipment for the storage and dispensing of automotive fuels.

NAICS 448. Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores. Industries in theClothing and Clothing Accessories Stores subsector retail new clothing and clothingaccessories merchandise from fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in thissubsector have similar display equipment and staff that is knowledgeable regardingfashion trends and the proper match of styles, colors, and combinations of clothing andaccessories to the characteristics and tastes of the customer.

NAICS 451. Sporting Goods, Hobby, Book, and Music Stores. Industries in theSporting Goods, Hobby, Book, and Music Stores subsector are engaged in retailing andproviding expertise on use of sporting equipment or other specific leisure activities, suchas needlework and musical instruments. Book stores are also included in this subsector.


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NAICS 452. General Merchandise Stores. Industries in the General MerchandiseStores subsector retail new general merchandise from fixed point-of-sale locations.Establishments in this subsector are unique in that they have the equipment and staffcapable of retailing a large variety of goods from a single location. This includes a varietyof display equipment and staff trained to provide information on many lines of products.

NAICS 453. Miscellaneous Store Retailers. Industries in the Miscellaneous StoreRetailers subsector retail merchandise from fixed point-of-sale locations not included inthe above subsectors. Establishments in this subsector include stores with uniquecharacteristics like florists, used merchandise stores, and pet and pet supply stores as

well as other store retailers.

NAICS 454. Nonstore Retailers. Industries in the Nonstore Retailers subsectorretail merchandise using methods such as the broadcasting of infomercials, the

broadcasting and publishing of direct-response advertising, the publishing of paper andelectronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling fromportable stalls and distribution through vending machines. Establishments in thissubsector include mail-order houses, vending machine operators, home delivery sales,

door-to-door sales, party plan sales, electronic shopping, and sales through portablestalls (e.g., street vendors, except food). Establishments engaged in the direct sale (i.e.,nonstore) of products, such as home heating oil dealers and newspaper delivery serviceproviders are included in this subsector.

NAICS 722. Food Services and Drinking Places. Industries in the Food Servicesand Drinking Places subsector prepare meals, snacks, and beverages to customer orderfor immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption. There is a wide range ofestablishments in these industries. Some provide food and drink only; while othersprovide various combinations of seating space, waiter/waitress services and incidentalamenities, such as limited entertainment. The industries in the subsector are grouped

based on the type and level of services provided. The industry groups are full-service

restaurants; limited-service eating places; special food services, such as food servicecontractors, caterers, and mobile food services; and drinking places. Food and beverageservices at hotels and motels; amusement parks, theaters, casinos, country clubs, andsimilar recreational facilities; and civic and social organizations are included in thissubsector only if these services are provided by a separate establishment primarilyengaged in providing food and beverage services.


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III. National ResultsDirect Economic Impact

The direct economic impact is measured as the jobs, labor income, GDP and number of

establishments within the retail industry. Table 2 shows the direct economic impact ofthe retail industry relative to the national economy in terms of employment, laborincome (including wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income), GDP,and the number of establishments.

In 2009, there were more than 3.6 million retail establishments (including food servicesand drinking places) across the country, counting both those with paid employees andnonemployers (which primarily consist of self-employed individuals operating smallunincorporated businesses). These businesses accounted for 11.9 percent all businessestablishments in the country in 2009. The retail industry directly provided 28.1 million

jobs for American workers (accounting for 16.3 percent of the national total). Theindustry also directly paid out $770 billion in wages and salaries and fringe benefits andproprietors' income (8.7 percent of the national total), and generated $1.2 trillion in GDP(8.5 percent of the national total).

Table 2. The Retail Industry's Direct National Impact, 2009

Item Direct NationalImpact


Establishments(1) 3,617,486 11.9%

Employment (Jobs)(2) 28,113,476 16.3%




(1) An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted. A business may consist ofmore than one establishment.

(2) Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.(3) Labor income is defined as annual wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.


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As a point of reference, the retail industry (including food services and drinking places)was the largest private-sector employer in the country in 2009, providing more directjobs than every other industry at the 2-digit NAICS code level (see Table 3a). In termsof the direct GDP impact, the retail industry is ranked as the third largest among all 2-digit NAICS industries (see Table 3b).

Table 3a. Direct Employment by 2-Digit NAICS Industry, 2009


Table 3b. Direct GDP by 2-Digit NAICS Industry, 2009


Table 4 shows the direct impact of the retail industry by NAICS subsectors for thecountry as a whole in terms of the number of establishments, employment, labor income,and GDP.

Indu stry DescriptionEmployment

(Jobs)

Retail trade (including food services and drinking places) 28,113,476

Health care and social assistance 18,7 82,100

Manufacturing 12,393,7 00

Professional, scientific, and technical services 11,828,800

Administrativ e and waste serv ices 9,939,300

Other services, except public administration 9,882,500

Construction 9,505,000

Finance and insurance 9,432,000

Real estate and rental and leasing 7 ,534,100

Wholesale trade 6,1 61 ,90 0

Transportation and warehousing 5,499,300Educational services 3,923,400

Arts, entertainment, and recreation 3,822,000

Agric ulture, forestry , fishing, and related activ ities 3,468,300

Information 3,359,300

Management of companies and enterprises 1,962,600

Mining 1,358,500

Utilities 600,200

Industry Description GDP ($Billion)

Real estate and rental and leasing $1,868.7

Manufacturing $1,584.8

Retail trade (inclu ding food serv ices and drinking places) $1,204.2

Finance and insurance $1 ,17 1 .6

Professional, scientific, and technical serv ices $1,068.5

Health care and social assistance $1,057 .9

Wholesale trade $7 80.8

Information $639.4

Construction $537 .5

Transportation and warehousing $389.5

Administrative and waste ser v ices $386.3

Other serv ices, except public administration $335.4

Utilities $268.1

Management of companies and enterprises $246.5

Mining $240.8

Educational serv ices $154.9

Agriculture, forestry , fishing, and hunting $133 .1

Arts, entertainment, and rec reation $127 .3


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Table 4. Direct Impact of the Retail Industry on the U.S. Economy by Sub-Sector, 2009

Source: IMPLAN 2009 database, U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.

Details may not add to totals d ue to rounding.

(1) Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.(2) Labor income is defined as annual wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.(3) An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted. A business may consist of more than one establishment.

441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 1,841,545 93,933 $113,424 284,473

442 Furniture and home furnishings stores 519,262 19,056 $34,251 96,800

443 Electronics and appliances stores 526,664 24,895 $30,865 77,526

444 Building material and garden equipment and suppliers dealers 1,222,563 46,652 $73,468 109,060

445 Food and beverage stores 2,952,521 88,873 $144,148 251,281

446 Health and personal care stores 1,165,033 44,541 $69,760 217,670

447 Gasoline stat ions 853,428 28,776 $47,020 114,908

448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores 1,561,153 36,117 $71,554 261,309

451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores 777,133 17,038 $27,857 141,994

452 General merchandise stores 2,988,235 82,077 $133,534 79,693

453 Miscellaneous store retailers 1,576,367 31,966 $48,030 373,056

454 Nonstore retailers 1,700,913 31,472 $92,059 797,871

722 Food services and drinking places 10,428,660 $224,704 $318,242 811,845

Total Retail Industry 28,113,476 $770,099 $1,204,211 3,617,486

Number of Retail

Establishments(3)NAICS Sub-sector Description

Employment(1)

(Jobs)

Labor Income(2)

($Millions)

GDP

($Millions)


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Total Economic Impact

The total economic impact we have measured includes the direct impact (the jobs,labor income, and GDP within the retail industry), the indirect impact(the jobs, laborincome, and GDP occurring in other industries due to the retail industry's purchases ofinputs other than merchandise intended for resale), and the induced impact(the jobs,

labor income, and GDP resulting from household spending of income earned eitherdirectly or indirectly from the retail industry's economic activities).

PwC estimates that at the national level, the retail industry's operations directly andindirectly generated 41.0 million full-time and part-time jobs, provided $1.45 trillion inlabor income (including wages and salaries and benefits, as well as proprietors' income),and added $2.42 trillion to the national GDP in 2009. Further, the industry's capitalinvestmentof $69.8 billion in 2009 supported an additional 0.6 million jobs, with anassociated $36.1 billion in labor income and $60.4 billion in GDP. Combining bothoperational and capital investment impacts, the retail industry's total employmentimpact to the national economy amounted to 41.6 million full-time and part-time jobs in2009, accounting for 24.1 percent of the total employment in the country (see Table 5).

The industry's total impact on labor income through its operational spending and capitalinvestment was estimated to be $1.49 trillion, or 16.9 percent of national labor income.The industry's total GDP impact was $2.48 trillion, accounting for 17.6 percent of U.S.GDP in 2009.

Table 5. Total Impact of the Retail Industry on the U.S. Economy, 2009

Item Total NationalImpact


Operational Impact

Employment (Jobs)(1) 41,044,768 23.8%

Labor Income(2) $1.45 trillion 16.4%


Capital Investment Impact

Employment (Jobs)(1) 575,835 0.3%


GDP $60.4 billion 0.4%

Total Impact

Employment (Jobs)(1) 41,620,604 24.1%Labor Income(2) $1.49 trillion 16.9%


Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database).

Details may not add to totals due to rounding.


(2) Labor income is defined as wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.


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Table 6 shows the retail industry's indirect and induced impacts by sector at thenational level. PwC estimates that in addition to the 28.1 million direct jobs in the retailindustry, the industry's operations and capital investment supported 12.9 millionindirect and induced jobs across many sectors of the U.S. economy in 2009. The servicesector accounts for the largest number of indirect and induced jobs attributable to theretail industry's operations and capital spending (7.0 million) in 2009, followed by

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate, Rental and Leasing (2.2 million), and Manufacturing(1.2 million).

The industry's estimated national indirect and induced labor income (including wagesand salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income) was $717 billion and the indirectand induced value added was $1.3 trillion in 2009.

Table 6. The U.S. Retail Industry's Indirect and Induced Impactby Industry, 2009

Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database). The retail industry's

indirect and induced impact reflects the industry's operational and capital investment impact.


(1) Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.

(2) Labor income is defined as wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.

Indirect Induced Indirect Induced Indirect Induced

Agric ulture , forestry and fishing 251,01 0 255,041 $7 ,115 $7 ,224 $9,67 6 $9,834

Mining 25,936 51,759 $2,448 $4,886 $5,514 $10,982

Utilities 37 ,611 48,240 $4,956 $6,168 $17 ,493 $21,7 7 1

Construction 61,668 91,411 $3,051 $4,530 $3,586 $5,329

Manufacturing 582,7 03 610,219 $37 ,189 $42,7 63 $66,297 $82,103

Wholesale trade 284,663 386,062 $21,57 3 $29,266 $37 ,155 $50,402

Transportation and warehousing 343,482 349,983 $17 ,194 $18,158 $23,321 $25,002

Information 135,582 217,412 $12,346 $19,441 $24,589 $38,67 9

Finance, insurance, re al estate,

rental and leasing606,743 1,605,471 $26,566 $7 4,650 $110,627 $288,87 8

Services 1,7 20,562 5,235,521 $92,7 17 $244,626 $113,948 $284,165

Other 219,07 9 386,970 $14,488 $25,913 $16,444 $29,416

Total 4,269,038 9,238,089 $239,644 $477,626 $428,649 $846,560

Industry Impacted

Employment

(Jobs)(1)

Labor Income

($Millions)(2) GDP ($Millions)


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IV. State ResultsThe retail industry's economic impact reaches all 50 states and the District of Columbia.The impact varies from state to state, depending on factors such as each state's industrymix, wage structure, spending and saving patterns, and connections to other economies.

The state-level impact presented below reflects the industry's operational impactonly (the industry's capital investment impact is not quantified at the sub-national leveldue to data limitations).

Direct Economic Impact

Table 7ashows the direct employment, labor income (including wages and salaries andbenefits as well as proprietors' income) and GDP impacts of the retail industry, as well asthe number of retail establishments by state, where the states are shown alphabetically.Table 7b is the same as Table 7a, except that the states are ranked by the retailindustry's direct employment.

The number of jobs directly attributable to the retail industry's operations ranged from61,000 (Wyoming) to over 3.1 million (California). The top 15 states, in terms of thenumber of retail jobs in 2009 were California, Texas, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania,Illinois, Ohio, Michigan, Georgia, North Carolina, New Jersey, Virginia, Massachusetts,Indiana, and Tennessee. Combined these states account for nearly 65 percent of thetotal national retail employment.

The total number of retail establishments ranged from 8,300 (Wyoming) to over400,000 (California). The top 15 states, in terms of the total number of retailestablishments in 2009 were California, Texas, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois,Ohio, Georgia, Michigan, North Carolina, New Jersey, Virginia, Tennessee, Indiana, and

Washington. Combined these states account for nearly 65 percent of the total retail

establishments in the country.

Table 7c shows per capita GDP directly attributable to the retail industry's operations in2009 by state, ranked by per capita retail GDP. The top 15 states using this metric wereNew Hampshire ($5,667), District of Columbia ($5,278), Connecticut ($5,048), Nevada($4,987), Hawaii ($4,968), Vermont ($4,749), Alaska ($4,672), Maine ($4,658), NewJersey ($4,587), Massachusetts ($4,447), Washington ($4,445), Wyoming ($4,334),North Dakota ($4,292), Delaware ($4,284), and California ($4,263).

Table 7d shows per capita labor income directly attributable to the retail industry'soperations in 2009 by state, ranked by per capita retail labor income. The top 15 statesusing this metric were District of Columbia ($3,634), New Hampshire ($3,504), Nevada

($3,330), Hawaii ($3,286), Connecticut ($3,069), Alaska ($2,984), Vermont ($2,945),Maine ($2,879), New Jersey ($2,838), Massachusetts ($2,827), Wyoming ($2,797),North Dakota ($2,775), Delaware ($2,773), Washington ($2,725), and California($2,721).


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Table 7a. Direct Impact of the Retail Industry by State, 2009(Sorted Alphabetically)





JobsPercent of

U.S. Retail($ Million)

Percent of

U.S. Retail($ Million)

Percent of

U.S. RetailUnits

Percent of

U.S. Retail

Al aba ma 420,755 1.5% $10,226 1.3% $15,786 1.3% 56,691 1.6%

Al aska 67,343 0.2% $2,084 0.3% $3,263 0.3% 8,213 0.2%

Ar izona 559,326 2.0% $16,465 2.1% $25,853 2.1% 61,108 1.7%

Ar kansas 244,714 0.9% $5,792 0.8% $8,897 0.7% 34,757 1.0%

California 3,116,714 11.1% $100,558 13.1% $157,574 13.1% 401,143 11.1%

Colorado 501,825 1.8% $13,615 1.8% $21,017 1.7% 65,099 1.8%

Connecticut 328,000 1.2% $10,797 1.4% $17,761 1.5% 41,475 1.1%

Delaware 90,716 0.3% $2,454 0.3% $3,792 0.3% 10,703 0.3%

District of Columbia 63,197 0.2% $2,179 0.3% $3,165 0.3% 6,087 0.2%

Florida 1,719,913 6.1% $49,607 6.4% $76,431 6.3% 250,201 6.9%

Georgia 858,564 3.1% $22,622 2.9% $35,079 2.9% 115,061 3.2%

Hawaii 148,213 0.5% $4,256 0.6% $6,434 0.5% 17,320 0.5%

Idaho 148,029 0.5% $3,634 0.5% $5,748 0.5% 21,611 0.6%

Illinois 1,129,952 4.0% $30,997 4.0% $48,060 4.0% 136,767 3.8%

Indiana 606,758 2.2% $14,118 1.8% $21,898 1.8% 72,550 2.0%

Iowa 324,945 1.2% $7,137 0.9% $11,183 0.9% 42,228 1.2%

Kansas 281,090 1.0% $6,691 0.9% $10,344 0.9% 35,648 1.0%

Kentucky 389,895 1.4% $9,322 1.2% $14,348 1.2% 51,331 1.4%Louisiana 414,854 1.5% $10,894 1.4% $16,633 1.4% 52,148 1.4%

Maine 146,869 0.5% $3,796 0.5% $6,141 0.5% 19,356 0.5%

Maryland 521,041 1.9% $15,003 1.9% $23,114 1.9% 65,489 1.8%

Massachusetts 631,197 2.2% $18,642 2.4% $29,323 2.4% 71,787 2.0%

Michigan 866,422 3.1% $21,108 2.7% $32,563 2.7% 110,056 3.0%

Minnesota 535,693 1.9% $12,872 1.7% $20,311 1.7% 68,176 1.9%

Mississippi 250,378 0.9% $5,993 0.8% $9,211 0.8% 33,952 0.9%

Missouri 594,614 2.1% $15,045 2.0% $23,496 2.0% 71,063 2.0%

Montana 112,584 0.4% $2,623 0.3% $4,036 0.3% 16,007 0.4%

Nebraska 197,312 0.7% $4,423 0.6% $6,920 0.6% 25,040 0.7%

Nevada 281,810 1.0% $8,802 1.1% $13,180 1.1% 29,734 0.8%

New Hampshire 158,317 0.6% $4,641 0.6% $7,506 0.6% 18,164 0.5%

New Jersey 759,760 2.7% $24,710 3.2% $39,940 3.3% 103,269 2.9%

New Mexico 180,767 0.6% $4,704 0.6% $7,298 0.6% 21,268 0.6%

New York 1,569,889 5.6% $49,090 6.4% $78,293 6.5% 248,736 6.9%

North Carolina 854,919 3.0% $21,847 2.8% $33,585 2.8% 107,635 3.0%

North Dakota 80,786 0.3% $1,795 0.2% $2,776 0.2% 10,329 0.3%Ohio 1,089,389 3.9% $26,475 3.4% $41,669 3.5% 130,943 3.6%

Oklahoma 340,686 1.2% $8,516 1.1% $13,192 1.1% 44,768 1.2%

Oregon 363,112 1.3% $9,605 1.2% $15,025 1.2% 46,413 1.3%

Pennsylvania 1,162,144 4.1% $29,715 3.9% $47,341 3.9% 153,237 4.2%

Rhode Islan d 96,698 0.3% $2,649 0.3% $4,127 0.3% 12,745 0.4%

South Carolina 436,749 1.6% $10,957 1.4% $16,831 1.4% 54,291 1.5%

South Dakota 95,876 0.3% $2,101 0.3% $3,290 0.3% 12,990 0.4%

Tennessee 605,776 2.2% $16,354 2.1% $25,348 2.1% 75,455 2.1%

Texas 2,282,733 8.1% $60,291 7.8% $93,072 7.7% 287,295 7.9%

Utah 259,949 0.9% $6,807 0.9% $10,934 0.9% 33,012 0.9%

Ver mont 68,330 0.2% $1,831 0.2% $2,953 0.2% 9,778 0.3%

Virg ini a 744,870 2.6% $19,527 2.5% $30,279 2.5% 84,180 2.3%

Wash ing ton 602,477 2.1% $18,162 2.4% $29,621 2.5% 71,939 2.0%

West V irgin ia 162,788 0.6% $3,804 0.5% $5,854 0.5% 21,271 0.6%

Wisconsin 583,351 2.1% $13,240 1.7% $21,354 1.8% 70,611 2.0%

Wy omin g 61,390 0.2% $1,522 0.2% $2,359 0.2% 8,349 0.2%

U.S. Tota l 28,113,476 100% $770,099 100% $1,204,211 100% 3,617,486 100%

State

Direct Employment(1)

Direct Labor Income(2)

Direct GDPRetail

Establishments(3)


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Table 7b. Direct Impact of the Retail Industry by State, 2009(Sorted by Direct Employment)





JobsPercent of

U.S. Retai l($ Million)

Percent of

U.S. Retai l($ Million)

Percent of

U.S. Retai lUnits

Percent of

U.S. Retail

California 3,116,714 11.1% $100,558 13.1% $157,574 13.1% 401,143 11.1%

Texas 2,282,733 8.1% $60,291 7.8% $93,072 7.7% 287,295 7.9%

Florida 1,719,913 6.1% $49,607 6.4% $76,431 6.3% 250,201 6.9%

New York 1,569,889 5.6% $49,090 6.4% $78,293 6.5% 248,736 6.9%

Pennsylvania 1,162,144 4.1% $29,715 3.9% $47,341 3.9% 153,237 4.2%

Illinois 1,129,952 4.0% $30,997 4.0% $48,060 4.0% 136,767 3.8%

Ohio 1,089,389 3.9% $26,475 3.4% $41,669 3.5% 130,943 3.6%

Michigan 866,422 3.1% $21,108 2.7% $32,563 2.7% 110,056 3.0%

Georgia 858,564 3.1% $22,622 2.9% $35,079 2.9% 115,061 3.2%

North Carolina 854,919 3.0% $21,847 2.8% $33,585 2.8% 107,635 3.0%

New Jersey 759,760 2.7% $24,710 3.2% $39,940 3.3% 103,269 2.9%

Virg ini a 744,870 2.6% $19,527 2.5% $30,279 2.5% 84,180 2.3%

Massachusetts 631,197 2.2% $18,642 2.4% $29,323 2.4% 71,787 2.0%

Indiana 606,758 2.2% $14,118 1.8% $21,898 1.8% 72,550 2.0%

Tennessee 605,776 2.2% $16,354 2.1% $25,348 2.1% 75,455 2.1%

Wash ingt on 602,477 2.1% $18,162 2.4% $29,621 2.5% 71,939 2.0%

Missouri 594,614 2.1% $15,045 2.0% $23,496 2.0% 71,063 2.0%

Wisconsi n 583,351 2.1% $13,240 1.7% $21,354 1.8% 70,611 2.0%Ar izona 559,326 2.0% $16,465 2.1% $25,853 2.1% 61,108 1.7%

Minnesota 535,693 1.9% $12,872 1.7% $20,311 1.7% 68,176 1.9%

Maryland 521,041 1.9% $15,003 1.9% $23,114 1.9% 65,489 1.8%

Colorado 501,825 1.8% $13,615 1.8% $21,017 1.7% 65,099 1.8%

South Ca rolina 436,749 1.6% $10,957 1.4% $16,831 1.4% 54,291 1.5%

Al aba ma 420,755 1.5% $10,226 1.3% $15,786 1.3% 56,691 1.6%

Louisiana 414,854 1.5% $10,894 1.4% $16,633 1.4% 52,148 1.4%

Kentucky 389,895 1.4% $9,322 1.2% $14,348 1.2% 51,331 1.4%

Oregon 363,112 1.3% $9,605 1.2% $15,025 1.2% 46,413 1.3%

Oklahoma 340,686 1.2% $8,516 1.1% $13,192 1.1% 44,768 1.2%

Connecticut 328,000 1.2% $10,797 1.4% $17,761 1.5% 41,475 1.1%

Iowa 324,945 1.2% $7,137 0.9% $11,183 0.9% 42,228 1.2%

Nevada 281,810 1.0% $8,802 1.1% $13,180 1.1% 29,734 0.8%

Kansas 281,090 1.0% $6,691 0.9% $10,344 0.9% 35,648 1.0%

Utah 259,949 0.9% $6,807 0.9% $10,934 0.9% 33,012 0.9%

Mississippi 250,378 0.9% $5,993 0.8% $9,211 0.8% 33,952 0.9%

Ar kansa s 244,714 0.9% $5,792 0.8% $8,897 0.7% 34,757 1.0%Nebraska 197,312 0.7% $4,423 0.6% $6,920 0.6% 25,040 0.7%

New Mexico 180,767 0.6% $4,704 0.6% $7,298 0.6% 21,268 0.6%

West V irginia 162,788 0.6% $3,804 0.5% $5,854 0.5% 21,271 0.6%

New Hampshire 158,317 0.6% $4,641 0.6% $7,506 0.6% 18,164 0.5%

Hawaii 148,213 0.5% $4,256 0.6% $6,434 0.5% 17,320 0.5%

Idaho 148,029 0.5% $3,634 0.5% $5,748 0.5% 21,611 0.6%

Maine 146,869 0.5% $3,796 0.5% $6,141 0.5% 19,356 0.5%

Montana 112,584 0.4% $2,623 0.3% $4,036 0.3% 16,007 0.4%

Rhode Islan d 96,698 0.3% $2,649 0.3% $4,127 0.3% 12,745 0.4%

South Dakota 95,876 0.3% $2,101 0.3% $3,290 0.3% 12,990 0.4%

Delaware 90,716 0.3% $2,454 0.3% $3,792 0.3% 10,703 0.3%

North Dakota 80,786 0.3% $1,795 0.2% $2,776 0.2% 10,329 0.3%

Ver mon t 68,330 0.2% $1,831 0.2% $2,953 0.2% 9,778 0.3%

Al aska 67,343 0.2% $2,084 0.3% $3,263 0.3% 8,213 0.2%

District of Columbia 63,197 0.2% $2,179 0.3% $3,165 0.3% 6,087 0.2%

Wy oming 61,390 0.2% $1,522 0.2% $2,359 0.2% 8,349 0.2%U.S. Total 28,113,476 100% $770,099 100% $1,204,211 100% 3,617,486 100%

State

Direct Employment(1)


Direct GDPRetail

Establishments(3)


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Table 7c. Per Capita GDP Directly Attributable to the Retail Industryby State, 2009

(Sorted by Per Capita GDP)

Source: PwC calculations using the IMPLAN modeling system (2009 database). For this study, the retail

industry is defined to include retail trade and food services and drinking places.


Direct GDP

Per Capita ($)

New Hampshire $5,667

District o f Columbia $5,278Connecticut $5,048Nevada $4,987

Hawaii $4,968

Verm ont $4,749A laska $4,672Maine $4,658New Jersey $4,587Massachusetts $4,447

Washington $4,445

Wyo ming $4,334North Dakota $4,292Delaware $4,284

California $4,263

Colorado $4,183Montana $4,140

Florida $4,123

Maryland $4,056

South Dakota $4,050

Tennessee $4,026

New York $4,006

Oregon $3,927

Utah $3,927

Missouri $3,924

Ar izona $3,920

Rhode Islan d $3,919

Minnesota $3,857

Nebraska $3,852

Vir gin ia $3,841

Wisconsin $3,776

Pennsylv ania $3,756Texas $3,756

Illinois $3,723

Idaho $3,719

Iowa $3,718

Louisiana $3,703

South Carolina $3,690

Kansas $3,670

New Mexico $3,631

Ohio $3,610

North Carolina $3,580

Oklahoma $3,578

Georgia $3,569

Indiana $3,409

Alaba ma $3,353

Kentucky $3,326

Michigan $3,266

West V irgin ia $3,217

Mississippi $3,120

Ar kansas $3,079

U.S. Average $3,922

State


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Table 7d. Per Capita Labor Income Directly Attributable to the RetailIndustry by State, 2009

(Sorted by Per Capita Labor Income)






Per Capita ($)

District o f Columbia $3,634

New Hampshire $3,504Nevada $3,330Hawaii $3,286

Connecticut $3,069

A laska $2,984Verm ont $2,945Maine $2,879New Jersey $2,838Massachusetts $2,827

Wyo ming $2,797

North Dakota $2,775Delaware $2,773

Washington $2,725

California $2,721

Colorado $2,710Montana $2,691

Florida $2,676

Maryland $2,632

Tennessee $2,597

South Dakota $2,586

Rhode Islan d $2,515

Missouri $2,513

New York $2,512

Oregon $2,511

Ar izona $2,496

Vir gin ia $2,477

Nebraska $2,462

Utah $2,445

Minnesota $2,444

Texas $2,433

Louisiana $2,425South Carolina $2,402

Illinois $2,401

Kansas $2,374

Iowa $2,373

Pennsylv ania $2,357

Idaho $2,351

Wisconsin $2,341

New Mexico $2,341

North Carolina $2,329

Oklahoma $2,310

Georgia $2,302

Ohio $2,294

Indiana $2,198

Alaba ma $2,172

Kentucky $2,161

Michigan $2,117

West V irgin ia $2,090

Mississippi $2,030

Ar kansas $2,005

U.S. Average $2,508

State


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Total Economic Impact

Table 8a shows the retail industry's state-by-state total operational impact (direct,indirect, and induced) in terms of jobs, labor income (including wages and salaries and

benefits as well as proprietors' income), and GDP, where the states are shownalphabetically. Table 8b is the same as Table 8a, except that the states are ranked in

order of the industry's total employment impact as a percent of each state's totalemployment. The state-level results, as explained earlier, do not include the economicimpact of the industry's capital investment in 2009.

As a percent of each state's total employment, the retail industry's total employmentimpact from its operations ranged from 11.1 percent (the District of Columbia) to27.3 percent (New Hampshire) in 2009. The retail industry directly and indirectlysupported 20.0 percent or more of the total employment in all 50 states in 2009, withonly the District of Columbia registering 11.1 percent.

As a percent of each state's total labor income (including wages and salaries and benefitsas well as proprietors' income), the labor income from the total jobs directly and

indirectly supported by the retail industry's operations ranged from 6.1 percent (theDistrict of Columbia) to one in every five dollars of labor income (Florida) in 2009. Theretail industry's total labor income impact exceeded 13.0 percent of the state total in all50 states.

As a percent of each state's economy, the retail industry's total GDP impact from itsoperations ranged from 7.0 percent (the District of Columbia) to one in every five dollarsof GDP (New Hampshire) in 2009. The retail industry's total GDP impact accounted forat least 14.0 percent of the state total in all 50 states.


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Table 8a. Total Operational Impact of the Retail Industry by State in 2009(Sorted Alphabetically)





JobsPercent of

State Total($ Million)

Percent of


Percent of

State Total

Alaba ma590,762 23.8% $17,605 16.3% $28,897 17.1%

Alaska 93,843 20.9% $3,473 13.7% $5,814 14.7%

Ar izona 825,526 25.9% $29,340 19.3% $49,638 19.7%

Ar kansa s 345,806 22.5% $10,113 15.9% $16,259 16.6%

California 4,783,627 24.1% $200,468 17.3% $333,741 17.8%

Colorado 703,948 22.6% $24,705 15.2% $41,655 15.8%

Connecticut 476,568 22.1% $20,660 15.2% $35,065 15.9%

Delaware 122,447 23.3% $4,241 15.2% $7,075 15.4%

District of Columbia 92,348 11.1% $4,859 6.1% $7,343 7.0%

Florida 2,607,843 26.8% $90,589 20.7% $151,762 21.3%

Georgia 1,261,347 24.1% $42,871 16.9% $72,572 17.6%

Hawaii 196,971 23.5% $6,452 15.4% $10,652 16.6%

Idaho 206,741 23.5% $5,968 17.4% $9,703 18.6%

Illinois 1,693,548 23.4% $63,756 16.1% $105,357 16.6%

Indiana 856,530 24.6% $25,548 16.5% $42,519 17.0%

Iowa 460,038 23.6% $13,036 16.0% $21,606 16.4%

Kansas395,186 22.0% $11,928 14.8% $19,796 15.2%

Kentucky 546,140 23.5% $15,951 16.0% $26,420 16.6%

Louisiana 583,000 23.4% $18,721 16.2% $30,889 16.4%

Maine 206,768 25.6% $6,309 19.1% $10,466 20.7%

Maryland 742,952 22.2% $27,243 14.3% $44,393 15.5%

Massachusetts 920,621 22.7% $37,776 15.2% $61,496 16.1%

Michigan 1,254,843 25.1% $40,198 16.9% $67,052 17.5%

Minnesota 788,370 23.3% $26,041 15.6% $43,587 16.2%

Mississippi 346,632 23.4% $9,777 16.7% $15,952 17.5%

Missouri 859,441 24.5% $27,614 17.3% $45,589 18.2%

Montana 153,199 24.4% $4,067 17.7% $6,881 18.2%

Nebraska 278,328 22.9% $8,223 15.3% $13,417 16.0%

Nevada 402,705 27.1% $14,616 20.3% $24,063 20.2%

New Hampshire 222,787 27.3% $7,928 20.1% $13,283 21.4%

New Jersey 1,110,430 22.6% $46,907 15.7% $79,060 16.5%

New Mexico 250,351 23.6% $7,705 16.4% $12,496 17.7%

New York 2,333,626 21.5% $101,568 14.6% $168,353 15.5%

North Carolina 1,239,009 23.9% $39,558 16.7% $65,736 17.5%

North Dakota 111,025 22.4% $3,135 15.0% $5,062 15.5%

Ohio 1,564,384 24.4% $49,294 16.7% $81,895 17.6%

Oklahoma 482,405 22.8% $14,595 15.8% $24,803 15.9%

Oregon 540,270 24.8% $17,611 18.0% $29,124 19.0%

Pennsylvania 1,697,147 24.0% $58,372 16.4% $96,749 17.4%

Rhode Islan d 137,335 23.5% $4,757 16.1% $7,774 17.2%

South Carolina 618,934 25.6% $18,348 18.3% $30,442 19.1%South Dakota 127,526 23.1% $3,495 15.7% $5,635 16.7%

Tennessee 884,161 25.1% $29,470 18.6% $48,733 19.3%

Texas 3,374,411 24.3% $117,426 16.5% $201,280 16.4%

Utah 384,340 23.9% $11,993 17.5% $20,218 18.6%

Ver m ont 96,792 23.3% $2,977 17.6% $4,957 19.0%

Vir gin ia 1,046,203 22.1% $36,520 13.6% $60,379 14.8%

Wash ingt on 881,938 23.0% $33,402 16.0% $56,782 17.3%

West V ir gin ia 216,257 24.1% $6,083 15.4% $9,994 16.2%

Wisconsin 848,002 24.9% $25,535 16.8% $42,531 17.7%

Wy oming 81,359 21.1% $2,395 13.8% $4,086 14.1%

U.S. Total 41,044,768 23.8% $1,451,223 16.4% $2,419,033 17.1%

State

Employment(1)

Labor Income(2)

GDP


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Table 8b. Total Operational Impact of the Retail Industry by State in 2009(Sorted by Job Share of State Total)





JobsPercent of


Percent of


Percent of

State Total

New Hampshire 222,787 27.3% $7,928 20.1% $13,283 21.4%

Nevada 402,705 27.1% $14,616 20.3% $24,063 20.2%

Florida 2,607,843 26.8% $90,589 20.7% $151,762 21.3%

Ar izona 825,526 25.9% $29,340 19.3% $49,638 19.7%

Maine 206,768 25.6% $6,309 19.1% $10,466 20.7%

South Carolina 618,934 25.6% $18,348 18.3% $30,442 19.1%

Michigan 1,254,843 25.1% $40,198 16.9% $67,052 17.5%

Tennessee 884,161 25.1% $29,470 18.6% $48,733 19.3%

Wisc onsin 848,002 24.9% $25,535 16.8% $42,531 17.7%

Oregon 540,270 24.8% $17,611 18.0% $29,124 19.0%

Indiana 856,530 24.6% $25,548 16.5% $42,519 17.0%

Missouri 859,441 24.5% $27,614 17.3% $45,589 18.2%

Ohio 1,564,384 24.4% $49,294 16.7% $81,895 17.6%

Montana 153,199 24.4% $4,067 17.7% $6,881 18.2%

Texas 3,374,411 24.3% $117,426 16.5% $201,280 16.4%

West Vi rg in ia 216,257 24.1% $6,083 15.4% $9,994 16.2%

California 4,783,627 24.1% $200,468 17.3% $333,741 17.8%

Georgia 1,261,347 24.1% $42,871 16.9% $72,572 17.6%

Pennsylvania 1,697,147 24.0% $58,372 16.4% $96,749 17.4%

Utah 384,340 23.9% $11,993 17.5% $20,218 18.6%

North Carolina 1,239,009 23.9% $39,558 16.7% $65,736 17.5%

Al abam a 590,762 23.8% $17,605 16.3% $28,897 17.1%

Iowa 460,038 23.6% $13,036 16.0% $21,606 16.4%

New Mexico 250,351 23.6% $7,705 16.4% $12,496 17.7%

Kentucky 546,140 23.5% $15,951 16.0% $26,420 16.6%

Rhode Island 137,335 23.5% $4,757 16.1% $7,774 17.2%

Hawaii 196,971 23.5% $6,452 15.4% $10,652 16.6%

Idaho 206,741 23.5% $5,968 17.4% $9,703 18.6%

Illinois 1,693,548 23.4% $63,756 16.1% $105,357 16.6%

Louisiana 583,000 23.4% $18,721 16.2% $30,889 16.4%

Mississippi 346,632 23.4% $9,777 16.7% $15,952 17.5%

Delaware 122,447 23.3% $4,241 15.2% $7,075 15.4%

Verm ont 96,792 23.3% $2,977 17.6% $4,957 19.0%

Minnesota 788,370 23.3% $26,041 15.6% $43,587 16.2%South Dakota 127,526 23.1% $3,495 15.7% $5,635 16.7%

Washi ng ton 881,938 23.0% $33,402 16.0% $56,782 17.3%

Nebraska 278,328 22.9% $8,223 15.3% $13,417 16.0%

Oklahoma 482,405 22.8% $14,595 15.8% $24,803 15.9%

Massachusetts 920,621 22.7% $37,776 15.2% $61,496 16.1%

Colorado 703,948 22.6% $24,705 15.2% $41,655 15.8%

New Jersey 1,110,430 22.6% $46,907 15.7% $79,060 16.5%

Ar ka nsa s 345,806 22.5% $10,113 15.9% $16,259 16.6%

North Dakota 111,025 22.4% $3,135 15.0% $5,062 15.5%

Maryland 742,952 22.2% $27,243 14.3% $44,393 15.5%

Vi rg in ia 1,046,203 22.1% $36,520 13.6% $60,379 14.8%

Connecticut 476,568 22.1% $20,660 15.2% $35,065 15.9%

Kansas 395,186 22.0% $11,928 14.8% $19,796 15.2%

New York 2,333,626 21.5% $101,568 14.6% $168,353 15.5%

Wy omi ng 81,359 21.1% $2,395 13.8% $4,086 14.1%

Al ask a 93,843 20.9% $3,473 13.7% $5,814 14.7%District of Columbia 92,348 11.1% $4,859 6.1% $7,343 7.0%

U.S. Tota l 41,044,768 23.8% $1,451,223 16.4% $2,419,033 17.1%

State

Employment(1)

Labor Income(2)

GDP


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19

The remainder of this section provides more details on the operational economic impactsof the retail industry at the state level.

Table 9a shows the direct, indirect, induced, and totalemployment impact of the retailindustry from its operations in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, where thestates are shown alphabetically. Table 9b is the same as Table 9a except that the

states are ranked in order of the industry's total employment impact from its operationsas a percent of each state's total number of full-time and part-time jobs. Using thismetric, the top 15 states in 2009 were New Hampshire (27.3 percent), Nevada (27.1percent), Florida (26.8 percent), Arizona (25.9 percent), Maine (25.6 percent), SouthCarolina (25.6 percent), Michigan (25.1 percent), Tennessee (25.1 percent), Wisconsin(24.9 percent), Oregon (24.8 percent), Indiana (24.6 percent), Missouri (24.5 percent),Ohio (24.4 percent), Montana (24.4 percent), and Texas (24.3 percent).

Table 10a shows the direct, indirect, induced, and total labor income impact of theretail industry from its operations in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, wherethe states are shown alphabetically. Table 10b is the same as Table 10a except thestates are ranked in order of the industry's total impact from its operations as a percent

of each state's total labor income. Using this metric, the top 15 states in 2009 wereFlorida (20.7 percent), Nevada (20.3 percent), New Hampshire (20.1 percent), Arizona(19.3 percent), Maine (19.1 percent), Tennessee (18.6 percent), South Carolina (18.3percent), Oregon (18.0 percent), Montana (17.7 percent), Vermont (17.6 percent), Utah(17.5 percent), Idaho (17.4 percent), Missouri (17.3 percent), California (17.3 percent),and Michigan (16.9 percent).

Table 11a shows the direct, indirect, induced, and total GDP impact of the retailindustry from its operations in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, where thestates are shown alphabetically. Table 11b is the same as Table 11a except that thestates are ranked in order of the industry's total impact from its operations as a percentof each state's GDP. The top 15 states in 2009 were New Hampshire (21.4 percent),

Florida (21.3 percent), Maine (20.7 percent), Nevada (20.2 percent), Arizona(19.7 percent), Tennessee (19.3 percent), South Carolina (19.1 percent), Oregon(19.0 percent), Vermont (19.0 percent), Utah (18.6 percent), Idaho (18.6 percent),Missouri (18.2 percent), Montana (18.2 percent), California (17.8 percent), and

Wisconsin (17.7 percent).


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Table 9a. Employment Impact of the Retail Industry's Operations by State(Sorted Alphabetically), 2009




Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.

State Direct Indirect Induced T otalT otal Im pact as a % of State

T otal Number of Jobs

Alabama 420,755 53,502 116,506 590,762 23.8%

Alaska 67,343 7,816 18,685 93,843 20.9%

Ar izona 559,326 77,731 188,470 825,526 25.9%Ar kansas 244,714 34,043 67,049 345,806 22.5%

California 3,116,714 517,031 1,149,882 4,783,627 24.1%

Colorado 501,825 64,652 137,471 703,948 22.6%

Connecticut 328,000 41,998 106,571 476,568 22.1%

Delaware 90,716 9,634 22,097 122,447 23.3%

District of Columbia 63,197 8,258 20,893 92,348 11.1%

Florida 1,719,913 258,607 629,323 2,607,843 26.8%

Georgia 858,564 122,487 280,297 1,261,347 24.1%

Hawaii 148,213 16,154 32,605 196,971 23.5%

Idaho 148,029 19,579 39,132 206,741 23.5%

Illinois 1,129,952 163,454 400,142 1,693,548 23.4%

Indiana 606,758 75,481 174,291 856,530 24.6%

Iowa 324,945 42,984 92,110 460,038 23.6%

Kansas 281,090 35,759 78,337 395,186 22.0%

Kentucky389,895 51,154 105,090 546,140 23.5%

Louisiana 414,854 49,403 118,744 583,000 23.4%

Maine 146,869 18,623 41,276 206,768 25.6%

Maryland 521,041 64,899 157,013 742,952 22.2%

Massachusetts 631,197 80,792 208,631 920,621 22.7%

Michigan 866,422 114,141 274,281 1,254,843 25.1%

Minnesota 535,693 75,279 177,398 788,370 23.3%

Mississippi 250,378 30,395 65,859 346,632 23.4%

Missouri 594,614 82,424 182,403 859,441 24.5%

Montana 112,584 13,246 27,369 153,199 24.4%

Nebraska 197,312 26,353 54,663 278,328 22.9%

Nevada 281,810 37,628 83,267 402,705 27.1%

New Hampshire 158,317 18,431 46,039 222,787 27.3%

New Jersey 759,760 104,872 245,797 1,110,430 22.6%

New Mexico 180,767 20,610 48,974 250,351 23.6%

New York 1,569,889 201,957 561,779 2,333,626 21.5%

North Carolina 854,919 115,905 268,184 1,239,009 23.9%

North Dakota 80,786 10,210 20,029 111,025 22.4%

Ohio 1,089,389 146,653 328,343 1,564,384 24.4%

Oklahoma 340,686 45,775 95,945 482,405 22.8%

Oregon 363,112 56,051 121,107 540,270 24.8%

Pennsylvania 1,162,144 152,653 382,350 1,697,147 24.0%

Rhode Island 96,698 11,664 28,973 137,335 23.5%

South Carolina 436,749 56,158 126,027 618,934 25.6%

South Dakota 95,876 10,352 21,299 127,526 23.1%

Tennessee 605,776 83,253 195,132 884,161 25.1%

Texas 2,282,733 330,615 761,063 3,374,411 24.3%

Utah 259,949 38,694 85,697 384,340 23.9%

Vermo nt 68,330 8,483 19,979 96,792 23.3%

Virgin ia 744,870 92,356 208,976 1,046,203 22.1%

Washington 602,477 86,042 193,419 881,938 23.0%

West V irginia 162,788 15,544 37,925 216,257 24.1%Wisco nsin 583,351 84,583 180,068 848,002 24.9%

Wyo ming 61,390 6,336 13,633 81,359 21.1%

U.S. Total 28,113,476 3,890,700 9,040,592 41,044,768 23.8%


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Table 9b. Employment Impact of the Retail Industry's Operations by State(Sorted by Job Share), 2009




Employment is defined as the number of payroll and self-employed jobs, including part-time jobs.

State Direct Indirect Induced T otalT otal Im pact as a % of State

T otal Number of Jobs

New Hampshire 158,317 18,431 46,039 222,787 27.3%

Nevada 281,810 37,628 83,267 402,705 27.1%

Florida 1,719,913 258,607 629,323 2,607,843 26.8%Ar izona 559,326 77,731 188,470 825,526 25.9%

Maine 146,869 18,623 41,276 206,768 25.6%

South Carolina 436,749 56,158 126,027 618,934 25.6%

Michigan 866,422 114,141 274,281 1,254,843 25.1%

Tennessee 605,776 83,253 195,132 884,161 25.1%

Wisco nsin 583,351 84,583 180,068 848,002 24.9%

Oregon 363,112 56,051 121,107 540,270 24.8%

Indiana 606,758 75,481 174,291 856,530 24.6%

Missouri 594,614 82,424 182,403 859,441 24.5%

Ohio 1,089,389 146,653 328,343 1,564,384 24.4%

Montana 112,584 13,246 27,369 153,199 24.4%

Texas 2,282,733 330,615 761,063 3,374,411 24.3%

West V irginia 162,788 15,544 37,925 216,257 24.1%

California 3,116,714 517,031 1,149,882 4,783,627 24.1%

Georgia858,564 122,487 280,297 1,261,347 24.1%

Pennsylvania 1,162,144 152,653 382,350 1,697,147 24.0%

Utah 259,949 38,694 85,697 384,340 23.9%

North Carolina 854,919 115,905 268,184 1,239,009 23.9%

Alabama 420,755 53,502 116,506 590,762 23.8%

Iowa 324,945 42,984 92,110 460,038 23.6%

New Mexico 180,767 20,610 48,974 250,351 23.6%

Kentucky 389,895 51,154 105,090 546,140 23.5%

Rhode Island 96,698 11,664 28,973 137,335 23.5%

Hawaii 148,213 16,154 32,605 196,971 23.5%

Idaho 148,029 19,579 39,132 206,741 23.5%

Illinois 1,129,952 163,454 400,142 1,693,548 23.4%

Louisiana 414,854 49,403 118,744 583,000 23.4%

Mississippi 250,378 30,395 65,859 346,632 23.4%

Delaware 90,716 9,634 22,097 122,447 23.3%

Vermo nt 68,330 8,483 19,979 96,792 23.3%

Minnesota 535,693 75,279 177,398 788,370 23.3%

South Dakota 95,876 10,352 21,299 127,526 23.1%

Washington 602,477 86,042 193,419 881,938 23.0%

Nebraska 197,312 26,353 54,663 278,328 22.9%

Oklahoma 340,686 45,775 95,945 482,405 22.8%

Massachusetts 631,197 80,792 208,631 920,621 22.7%

Colorado 501,825 64,652 137,471 703,948 22.6%

New Jersey 759,760 104,872 245,797 1,110,430 22.6%

Ar kansas 244,714 34,043 67,049 345,806 22.5%

North Dakota 80,786 10,210 20,029 111,025 22.4%

Maryland 521,041 64,899 157,013 742,952 22.2%

Virgin ia 744,870 92,356 208,976 1,046,203 22.1%

Connecticut 328,000 41,998 106,571 476,568 22.1%

Kansas 281,090 35,759 78,337 395,186 22.0%

New York 1,569,889 201,957 561,779 2,333,626 21.5%

Wyo ming 61,390 6,336 13,633 81,359 21.1%Alaska 67,343 7,816 18,685 93,843 20.9%

District of Columbia 63,197 8,258 20,893 92,348 11.1%

U.S. Total 28,113,476 3,890,700 9,040,592 41,044,768 23.8%


35/99


22

Table 10a. Impact of the Retail Industry's Operations on Labor Income byState (Sorted Alphabetically), 2009 ($ Million)




Labor income is defined as wages and salaries and benefits as well as proprietors' income.

State Direct Indirect Induced T otalT otal Impact as a % of

State Tot al Labor Incom e

Alabama $10,226 $2,384 $4,994 $17,605 16.3%Alaska $2,084 $419 $970 $3,473 13.7%

Ar izona $16,465 $3,847 $9,028 $29,340 19.3%Arkansas $5,792 $1,506 $2,815 $10,113 15.9%

California $100,558 $32,275 $67,635 $200,468 17.3%

Colorado $13,615 $3,794 $7,296 $24,705 15.2%

Connecticut $10,797 $2,966 $6,896 $20,660 15.2%

Delaware $2,454 $567 $1,220 $4,241 15.2%

District of Columbia $2,179 $855 $1,826 $4,859 6.1%

Florida $49,607 $12,431 $28,552 $90,589 20.7%

Georgia $22,622 $6,568 $13,681 $42,871 16.9%

Hawaii $4,256 $744 $1,452 $6,452 15.4%

Idaho $3,634 $824 $1,510 $5,968 17.4%

Illinois $30,997 $10,315 $22,444 $63,756 16.1%

Indiana $14,118 $3,501 $7,928 $25,548 16.5%

Iowa $7,137 $1,970 $3,928 $13,036 16.0%

Kansas $6,691 $1,705 $3,531 $11,928 14.8%

Kentucky $9,322 $2,164 $4,464 $15,951 16.0%

Louisiana $10,894 $2,398 $5,430 $18,721 16.2%

Maine $3,7

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