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ICSA

Tuesday 27, May 2008

NATSONS RESEARCHMonday 8,September 2008

NTPC Ltd.

BUY

BSE code 532555

NSE code NTPC

Bloomberg code NATP IN

Current price 173

Target price 218

MCap Rs bn 1430

Mcap US$ bn 32.1

52 wk H/L 291/148

Face value 10

Rs Mn FY08E FY09E FY10E

Sales 370,501 415,741 491,732

% Ch 13.7 12.2 18.3

OPM 31.2 31.6 31.9

PAT 74,148 80,741 89,700

% Ch 8.0 8.9 11.1

EPS* 9.0 9.8 10.9

PER 19.3 17.7 15.9

EV/EBIDTA 14.7 13.6 12.4 * FY09E and FY10 is on fully diluted equity Share Holding pattern

Navindar M navindarm@natverlal.com 91-22-42134444

Fast growing, vertically integrating, consistent profit growth

NTPC is the largest and most efficient power generating company in India with a th th

capacity of 29,394MW. Over the 11 and 12 Five Year plans NTPC is expected to triple its power generating capacity to 75,000MW. Of the current capacity, it produces power through 15 coal based (23,395MW) and 7 gas based plants (3,955MW). It is credited with having supplied 28.5% of India's total production with its capacity base of just 19.1% during FY08. In addition, it provides consultancy services to various organizations domestically and overseas, in the fields of power plant construction and power generation. Further, NTPC has successfully incorporated six subsidiaries and eleven joint ventures, transforming itself into an integrated Power major.

Power demand in India to grow exponentially: India is presently facing an acute shortage of power: the country recorded a 10.8% off peak and 14.4% peak time shortage in FY08. The requirement for power has been rising steadily and is expected to grow to 220GW by 2012, and 306GW by 2017, according to the report prepared by the Planning Commission. We expect this disconnect in the demand- supply situation to persist over the next few years.

Plans to increase generating capacities multifold: NTPC has announced plans to increase its capacity to 50GW by the year 2012 and to 75GW in FY17. This multifold increase in power generation will allow it to retain its market leadership and increase revenues and profitability over the next few years.

High efficiencies to lead to further profitability: NTPC has operated at a plant load factor (PLF) of 92.24% for FY08 and is expected to maintain these levels in the future. The regulated incentive for operating at plant loads over 80% is 25 paise/unit of electricity for thermal power plants.

Strong balance sheet to enable large expansions: NTPC's expansion will cost the company Rs1.5trillion over the next few years. It currently has a debt to equity of 0.5x; thus, raising funds for all its expansion plans will not be a constraint.

Vertical integration through its subsidiaries and value-adding joint ventures: NTPC has established six subsidiary and eleven JV companies. Through these it will manufacture equipment for generating capacities, and create fuel supplies for its plants, besides setting up distribution networks. This backward and forward integration in its related companies will add value in the years ahead.

Valuation: At the current market price, NTPC trades at a P/E of 17.7x and 15.9x and EV/EBIDTA of 13.8x and 12.2x of its FY09E and FY10E earnings respectively. We are confident that NTPC will continue trading at a premium against its global peers, given the strong upside in generation capacities and strong balance sheet. Hence we feel a P/E multiple of 20x FY10E is justifiable, given that presently, we have not factored in any upside from subsidiaries and JV's. Based on this we arrive at a target price of Rs218, an upside potential of 25.7% from present levels.

Govt, 89.50

FII, 4.13

DII, 2.55Corporate bodies, 1.21

retail, 2.61

NATVERLAL & SONS

NATSONS RESEARCH NTPC Ltd.

2

Industry Outlook

India is the fifth largest power consuming country in the world with a 3.8% share

globally. It is the 3rd largest power consuming nation in Asia with an 11.3% share. India

has a total power generating capacity of 143,061MW as of March 2008. The

government has outlined a plan which envisages an addition of 78,577MW of

generation capacity by 2012; this will take the total capacity to 200,000MW by 2017.

The Indian per capita consumption is 704Kwh, which is significantly lower than other

BRIC countries. Our National Electricity Policy (NEP) expects the per capita electricity

consumption to reach 1,000Kwh by 2012—from 704Kwh in 2007-08.

Source: NTPC and Natverlal & Sons

Through FY08 India witnessed a deficit of power of 10.8% during off peak and 14.4%

during peak hours. We expect this mismatch in demand and supply to persist over the

next few years. As illustrated, power demand will reach 220GW by 2012 whereas

supply will touch just 200GW. Growth in India's power generation sector has been

scuttled due to the low plant availability factor and lower PLF due to the inefficiently

run plants of the State Electricity Board (SEB). A scarcity of fuels has also been a key

reason for low PLF's in many plants throughout India. Gas- based plants face

shutdowns due to unavailability of gas caused by production delays. These factors

have led to actual energy generation being less than the generation potential.

However, even in this scenario, NTPC recorded a much higher PLF than the industry

average, due to a better long term relationship with fuel suppliers.

Source: NTPC, Natverlal & Sons

In India the power generation is produced by either the central government, the state

government or the private sector. The private sector was recently allowed to enter the

power space and hence the low % of generation.

Fuel wise break-up(MV)

Thermal 91907 64.20%

Hydro 35909 25.10%

Nuclear 4120 2.80%

renewable 11125 7.90%

Total 143061 100%

7041684

23406425

8459

14240

2701

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000

India

China

Brazil

Russia

Japan

USA

World Average

Per Capita Consumption(Kwh)

Private Sector,

14%

Central Sector,

34%

State Sector,

52%

NATVERLAL & SONS

NATSONS RESEARCH

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Source: CEA, Natverlal & Sons

The Transmission and distribution sector has experienced inadequate attention and funding, resulting in the underdevelopment of the T&D sector in India. Years of neglect have also resulted in T&D losses increasing to as high as 35% of the total, on an aggregate basis. The government, through various nodal agencies in the power sector, has initiated various programs, especially for the T&D sector. This is in order to strengthen transmission network and reduce distribution losses. According to Central Electricity Authority, investments needed in Transmission and Distribution (T&D) will be in excess of Rs70bn in the next 5 years. With NTPC looking to get into the T&D space though its subsidiary, this throws up huge opportunities.

In the past two Five-Year Plans, efforts to enhance power generating capacities have been slipshod. To ensure better execution of commissioned projects, the government has taken initiatives such as the development of Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPPs), each with a capacity of 4,000MW or above. Nine sites were identified by CEA in different states for the proposed UMPPs. This encourages the private sector to participate at the three stages of generation, transmission and distribution. These initiatives will lead to the commissioning of a substantive percentage of planned capacity during the current plan. Through vertical integrations, NTPC will participate in all levels and stand to benefit.

NTPC Ltd.

XI plan target -2007-2012

Sector Thermal Total Hydro Nuclear Total

Coal Lignite Gas

Central Sector 24,310 1,000 1,490 26,800 9,685 3,380 39,865

State Sector 23,135 450 762 24,347 3,605 0 27,952

Private Sector 5,460 0 2,037 7,497 3,263 0 10,760

Total 52,905 1,450 4,289 58,644 16,553 3,380 78,557

NATVERLAL & SONS

NATSONS RESEARCH

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Investment Rationale Strong capacity addition and revenue growth:

NTPC plans to add a capacity of 22,430MW, taking the total capacity to 50,000MW by

2012 and to 75,000MW by 2017. In the 11th Plan, 1,990 MW was commissioned,

16,680 MW was under construction and 3,670MW was tendered. It plans to add

2,820MW in FY09 and 3,600MW in FY10. Besides this, the company will contribute th56.67% to the Central Sector share by adding around 22,000MW during the 11 Plan.

Source: NTPC's XI plan capacity addition target-2007-2012

Further, the company is planning to add 2,820MW during FY09 and 3,600MW during

FY10. Out of a 2,820MW capacity to be added in FY09, 250MW has already been

commissioned during the current year in a joint venture with SAIL. Moreover,

1,000MW of capacity was concurrently commercialized. We expect another

1,000MW to be commissioned this year and 2,800MW to be commissioned in FY10.

Lower expectations in the commissioning front are due to the project delays for a host of reasons. For instance Barh-I with a generating capacity of 1,980MW has been delayed due to disputes over contract value with two Russian equipment suppliers. The commissioning of new projects across the country by multiple players is creating a shortage of Balance of Plant (BoP) and forged equipment material. This shortage in capacity coupled with poor transport infrastructure causes delays in establishing plants. However, we have factored in these delays, and adjusted them towards our projections.

source: NTPC

Huge capex planned:

NTPC Capex for FY09 is expected to be around Rs.135.58bn, which is 60% more than

the Rs.86.21bn in the previous fiscal. We do believe that the company would be able

to fund its five-year Capex program (11FYP) from internal accruals, through the

redemption of the OTS Bonds and additional debt. We do not expect any further

dilution of its equity base. A low gearing ratio of 0.5x in FY08, coupled with CERC

guidelines on the normative debt-equity ratio at 70:30; are factors that tilt towards

increase in the company's debt levels.

NTPC Ltd.

Owned by NTPC Owned JV's Total

Coal Hydro Gas Total

2007-08 1000 1000 740 1740

2008-09 2320 800 2320 500 2820

2009-10 2800 3600 3600

2010-11 2820 1300 4120 2500 6620

2011-12 4230 1120 1300 6650 1000 7650

Total 13170 1920 2600 17690 4740 22430

Planned capacity additions

2008-09 2009-10

Kahalgoan II 500 MV Barh 660MV

Sipat II 500MV Sipat 660MV

Sipat I 1320 MV Korba 500MV

Bhilai 500MV Dadri 980MV

Koldam 800MV

Total FY'09 2820MV Total FY’10 3600M

Operational efficiency incentives:

Operational efficiency has improved in recent years. NTPC's Plant Load Factor (PLF)

stood at 92.24 % for coal stations compared to 89.43% in the last fiscal. This resulted in

higher revenues in the form of incentive income. This has been achieved by

consistently improving its high plant availability and load factors by conducting

periodic repairs and maintenance of its plants. PLF for gas stations declined to 68.14%

during FY08 compared to 71.9% during FY07. The lower PLF recorded for gas based

plants is due to shortage in the availability of gas.

Source NTPC

The regulated incentive for operating at plant loads over 80% is 25 paise / unit of

electricity for thermal power plants. In case of NTPC this incentive is fixed at the

regulated level of 80% for all its operational power plants, except for Talcher Thermal

Power Station (TPS) where the threshold incentive is 75% and for the Tanda TPS,

whose threshold incentive is 60%. We expect them, in the future, to continue the

incentives, while maintaining their PLF's.

Commercial performance:NTPC has PPAs (power purchase agreements) signed for almost all of the power it produces with various SEBs. After the amendment of the Electricity Act, the recovery rate of dues from SEBs improved significantly (100% last year) and Letters of Credit to the extent of 105% of average monthly billing were established by customers. NTPC, through its incentive scheme for encouraging prompt payments rebate is allowed a maximum of 2.25% in case payments are made within a month.

All variable costs such as fuel prices are passed on to the customers, following CERC

regulation. So, margins will remain intact as input prices rise. NTPC has long term fuel

supply agreements (FSA) with a maximum price escalation of 2.5%. As a large part of

the power generated is from coal— much of which is sourced from pithead coal

stations—production costs remain low.

Merchant plants:

Merchant power is a concept in which power generated is not sold through medium or

long term contracts, but instead sold short term to a buyer willing to pay the highest

price.

We expect 500MW of power to be generated

through merchant power plants which will be commissioned in FY10.

Overseas forays:

NTPC has signed a MOU with the Ministry of Energy, Federal Government of Nigeria

(FGN) for gas supplies, whereby FGN will provide a minimum of 3MTPA of LNG to NTPC

on a long-term basis at a reasonable price. In return NTPC will establish and operate

one 500MW coal-based power plant and a 700MW gas-based power plant in Nigeria

independently, or through a joint venture.

NTPC is setting up 2,120MW as merchant power plants, of which, 1,120MW are

hydro-based units, in which operational costs are minimal. This would lead to huge

upsides when sold at market rates.

NATVERLAL & SONS

NATSONS RESEARCH NATSONS RESEARCH

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NTPC Ltd.

P L F 2 0 0 8 2 0 0 7

C o a l Sta t io n s 9 2 .2 4 % 8 9 .4 3 %

G as S ta t io n s 6 8 .1 4 % 7 1 .9 0 %

A l l In d ia 7 8 .6 1 % 7 6 .8 0 %

NATVERLAL & SONS

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Strong balance sheet: NTPC has in its books, cash of Rs149.33bn and investments worth Rs152.67bn. The investments include Rs131.24bn bonds issued under a one time settlement scheme; these are generating 8.5% tax-free returns. Its debt-equity (D/E) stands at 0.5x for FY08, this leaves sufficient room for further debt- raising for its planned expansions. We expect that the D/E will rise to 0.6x in FY09 and 0.8x in FY10, based on its expansion plans.

Integrated power major:Presently, NTPC is vertically integrating to transform successfully into a fully integrated power major. Backward integration: By way of backward integration, the company is diversifying into captive coal mining trough JVs. This is an attempt to secure future coal supplies. They are working on a coal block, Pakri Barwadih, as a measure to ensure regular supplies. Seven coal blocks were allotted by the government of India with mineable reserves of 3bn MT. The company is planning to extract 12 MTPA by FY12 and 47 MTPA by FY2017. The outlay to develop these mines is Rs.5430 million initially.

The company has a 20% stake in Coal Ventures International, an equal partner JV between NTPC, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL), Coal India Limited (CIL) and National Mineral Development Corporation Limited (NMDC). The company's aim is to form a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for securing thermal coal from outside India.

In consortium with Canoro Resources and Geo Petro International, NTPC has been allotted an oil exploration block under NELP-V in Arunachal Pradesh. The company will hold the majority 40% share, with 30% each being owned by the other two partners. On the other hand, fuel linkages for NTPC are available for only 11.3 mmscmd as against a demand of 16 mmscmd. The average supply is still short at 4.7 mmscmd.

Lateral integration: By way of lateral integration, NTPC's special thrusts in hydropower, nuclear power, and renewable power is targeted at achieving operational and commercial synergies. We believe that substantial hydro capacity and renewable power will help the company register environmental and economic gains in the long run. The company has set up 'NTPC Hydro Limited' to carry out the business of implementing and operating small and medium hydro power projects in the country.

It entered into a JV with Asian Development Bank (ADB), GE Energy Financial Services, Japan-based Kysushu Electric Power Co and Brookfield Renewable Power of the US for Renewable power to meet its target of 500 MW of renewable power generation in the next three years. NTPC will hold 40% of the equity and the rest will be shared equally in these ventures.

Forward integration:NTPC entered the power trading and power distribution business by a way of a forward integration process through its subsidiaries, NTPC Electric Supply Company Limited and NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited respectively.

NTPC Ltd.

NATVERLAL & SONS

NATSONS RESEARCH

7

Valuations:

We expect the company to maintain its strong growth story into the future. Revenue, we feel, will grow at a CAGR of 15.1%, while profit will grow at 10% through to FY10E.With large portions of the current expansion plans set to come in FY11 and FY12, we believe the growth will accelerate during the corresponding years ahead. At the current price of Rs170 the stock is trading at a P/E of 17.7x and 15.9x and an EV/EBIDTA of 13.8x and 12.2x FY09E and FY10E. The ROE for FY09E is 14.4% and is expected to improve slightly to 14.7% in FY10E.

We feel that at the current price the stock looks very attractive. We believe a P/E of 20x

is justifiable with the strong power generation growth expected over the next few

years. In addition, NTPC's cash and equivalents of Rs158.0bn and investments of

Rs152.6 bn is a cushion for the company that will help fund the massive capital

expenditure for the 11th five year plan. This said, we have not yet factored in any

upside from its subsidiaries and joint ventures. At 2.2x its FY10 P/BV, we believe

NTPC's stock is looking attractive at these levels over the long term. Taking these

factors into consideration we are rating the stock a 'BUY' with a price target of Rs218,

and an upside potential of 25.7% from the current levels.

NTPC Ltd.

NATSONS RESEARCH NTPC Ltd.

NATVERLAL & SONS8

Key Risks & Concerns:

Fuel shortages: In recent times, NTPC has faced constraints on securing continuous fuel supply to its coal and gas based power plants. This will affect the company's PLF and consequently its profitability. The company was, in fact, planning to import up to 8 million tonnes (MT) of coal in FY09. We believe that this is a manageable risk in the medium term, considering the fact that the shortage is only a small part of the company's annual consumption of close to 125MT of coal. All upcoming projects are introducing fuel linkages, however supply side constraints or pricing issues are bound to affect the production.

Project execution delays:

Due to a long gestation period for power projects, any delay in project execution will

lead to lower growth of production volumes and affect profitability. A surge in the

procurement of power generation equipment could lead to delays in placing orders

for key plant and machinery (boilers, turbines and generators - BTG) which could lead

to an inability to implement the projects on time. We expect that a tendered capacity

of 3670MW won't come into play in this plan. However, we have factored in an

expected number of project delays.

Regulatory risks:

The power sector, being highly regulated, as per the Central Electricity Regulatory

Commission's (CERC) tariff regulations, RoE is fixed at 14% to post tax profits with debt

- equity at 70:30 till FY'09. Changes detrimental to the power sector in the new

Electricity Act will adversely affect the returns of power companies. However the

government's thrust in the sector is required to ensure a regular and increasing power

generation capacity to fuel the country's economic growth. Thus, it is unlikely that the

government will put a brake to development in this crucial sector.

Carbon emissions:

Nearly 85% of NTPC's existing capacity and 78% of its FY12E capacity will be coal-

based. With increasing concerns on global warming, any regulatory change could

adversely impact power companies, including NTPC, denting their earnings.

NATSONS RESEARCH NATSONS RESEARCH NTPC Ltd.

NATVERLAL & SONS9

Company Background:

NTPC, the largest power company in India, was established in 1975 by the Government of India to accelerate power development in the country. In 1992, the company's transmission division was hived off: this is now known as the Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd (PGCIL) which is the nodal agency for all transmission projects in the country. In 1997, NTPC Ltd was identified as one of the Navratna public sector undertakings thereby according it leeway in its operating and investment activities. It is among the largest and most efficient power generation companies in the world with an installed capacity of 29394 MW (including 2,044MW through joint ventures).

NTPC has 15 coal based power stations (23,395 MW), 7 gas based power stations (3,955 MW) and 4 power stations in joint ventures (1,794 MW). NTPC's share in the total installed capacity of the country was 19.1% and it contributed 28.50% of the total power generation of the country during 2007-08. In addition, it provides consultancy services to various organizations in the power business in the areas of power plant constructions and power generation to companies in India and overseas.

Its six subsidiaries are: NTPC Electric Supply Company Ltd. (100%), NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Ltd.(100%), NTPC Hydro Ltd.(100%), Kanti Bijlee Utpadan Nigam Ltd.(51%), Bhartiya Rail Bijlee Company Ltd.(74%), Pipavav Power Development Co Ltd(100%). The last is currently winding up.

Its eleven joint ventures are: PTC India Ltd. (5.28%), Utility Powertech Ltd. (50%), –NTPC SAIL Power Co. (Pvt.) Ltd. (50%), NTPC Alstom Power Services Pvt. Ltd.(50%), NTPC Tamilnadu Energy Co. Ltd. (50%), Ratnagiri Gas & Power Pvt. Ltd. (28.33%), Aravali Power Company Pvt. Ltd. (50%), NTPC-SCCL Global Ventures Private Ltd.(50%), Meja Urja Nigam Pvt. Ltd.(50%), NTPC-BHEL Power Projects Pvt. Ltd.(50%), BF-NTPC Energy Systems Ltd. (49%).

Share Holding pattern:

Govt, 89.50

FII, 4.13

DII, 2.55Corporate bodies, 1.21

retail, 2.61

NATSONS RESEARCH

NATVERLAL & SONS10

Profit & Loss Balance Sheet

In Rs million FY07 FY08 FY09E FY010E In Rs million FY07 FY08 FY09E FY10E

Net sales 326,358 370,974 416,255 492,302 Equity capital 82,455 82,455 82,455 82,455

YoY (%) 24.8 13.7 12.2 18.3 Reserves 403,513 443,931 486,083 532,371

Total expenses 225,494 255,517 284,854 335,361 Deferred Revenue 6,567 13,734 17,438 20,825

EBIDTA 100,864 115,457 131,401 156,941 Net worth 492,535 540,120 585,976 635,651

YoY (%) 34.9 14.5 13.8 19.4 Total borrowings 244,844 271,906 362,906 510,906

EBIDTA (%) 30.9 31.1 31.6 31.9 Ex-chg fluctuation 0 2,554 0 0

Total liabilities 737,380 814,581 948,883 1,146,558

Other income 27,449 29,203 27,300 25,350

PBIDT 128,313 144,660 158,701 182,291 Net block 256,481 260,937 316,765 429,468

Depreciation 20,754 21,385 22,922 27,297 CWIP 128,567 184,389 243,089 310,089

PBIT 107,559 123,275 135,779 154,994 Construction stores 39,825 40,394 40,394 50,394

Interest 18,594 17,981 23,805 30,583 Investments 160,943 152,672 140,000 130,000

Prior Period exp (109) 2,745 0 0 Current assets 221,827 255,488 297,039 330,686

PBT 89,074 102,549 111,974 124,410 Inventories 25,102 26,757 30,024 35,512

(-) Tax 20,434 28,486 31,318 34,795 Debtors 12,523 29,827 33,469 39,587

Current Tax 20,280 28,317 31,129 34,586 Cash 133,146 149,332 182,974 204,015

Deferred Tax 0 0 0 0 Oth curr assets 10,580 9,218 9,718 10,218

Fringe benefit tax 154 169 189 209 Loans and advance 40,476 40,354 40,854 41,354

Tax/ PBT 23 28 28 28

PAT 68,640 74,063 80,656 89,615 Current liabilities 54,221 55,483 61,853 72,820

Extra-ordinary exp (7) (85) (85) (85) Provisions 16,042 23,816 26,550 31,258

Net Prof it 68,647 74,148 80,741 89,700 Net current assets 151,564 176,189 208,635 226,607

Cash Flow Key Ratios

In Rs million FY07 FY08 FY09E FY10E FY07 FY08 FY09E FY010E

Net prof it 68,647 74,148 80,741 89,700 EPS (Rs) 8.3 9.0 9.8 10.9

Depn and w/o 20,754 21,385 22,922 27,297 CEPS (Rs) 10.8 11.6 12.6 14.2

Misc expenditure 0 2,554 (2,554) 0 Book value (Rs) 58.9 63.8 69.0 74.6

Change in wrkg cap (7,289) (8,439) 1,195 3,069 DPS (Rs) 3.2 3.5 4.0 4.5

Other income (27,449) (29,203) (27,300) (25,350) Debt-equity (x) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8

Deferred Revenue 2,159 7,167 3,704 3,387 ROCE 15.6 16.1 15.7 15.1

Operating cash flow 56,822 67,612 78,709 98,104 ROE 14.7 14.6 14.7 15.2

Other income 27,449 29,203 27,300 25,350

Capex (78,929) (82,798) (137,450) (217,000) Valuations

Investments 31,948 8,271 12,672 10,000 PE (x) 20.8 19.3 17.7 15.9

Investing cash flow (19,532) (45,324) (97,478) (181,650) Cash PE (x) 16.0 15.0 13.8 12.2

Dividend (30,281) (33,764) (38,589) (43,413) Price/book value (x) 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.3

Equity 0 0 0 0 Dividend yield 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.6

Debt 42,871 27,062 91,000 148,000 Market cap/sales 4.4 3.9 3.4 2.9

Financing cash flow 12,590 (6,702) 52,411 104,587 EV/sales (x) 5.1 4.6 4.3 3.9

Net change in cash 49,880 15,586 33,642 21,041 EV/EBDITA (x) 16.6 14.7 13.6 12.4

Financials

Disclaimer

The information provided in the document is from publicly available data and other sources, which we believe are reliable. It also includes analysis and views expressed by our research team. The report is purely for information purposes and does not construe to be investment recommendation/advice. Investors should not solely rely on the information contained in this document and must make investment decisions based on their own investment objectives, risk profile and financial position. Efforts are made to try and ensure accuracy of data however, Natverlal & Sons Stockbrokers Pvt Ltd. And / or any of its affiliates and / or employees shall not be liable for loss or damage that may arise from any error in this document. Natverlal & Sons Stockbrokers Pvt Ltd and / or any of its affiliates and / or employees may or may not hold positions in any of the securities mentioned in the document.This document is not for public distribution and should not be reproduced or redistributed without prior permission.

NTPC Ltd.