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THERMAL POWER PLANT THERMAL POWER PLANT

OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

At:At:At:At:----

NTPC LimitedNTPC LimitedNTPC LimitedNTPC LimitedNTPC LimitedNTPC LimitedNTPC LimitedNTPC Limited

Badarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power StationBadarpur Thermal Power Station

Badarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New DelhiBadarpur, New Delhi

By:By:By:By:----

Pushkar ShankerPushkar ShankerPushkar ShankerPushkar Shanker

D3 D3 D3 D3 –––– ElectricalElectricalElectricalElectrical

Roll No. Roll No. Roll No. Roll No. –––– 6278627862786278

Univ Univ Univ Univ –––– 6140508670614050867061405086706140508670

OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

ABOUT NTPC LIMITEDABOUT NTPC LIMITED

• Formally known as National Thermal

Power Corporation Limited.

• It is among the world’s largest and most

efficient power generation companies.

• In Forbes list of World’s 500 Largest

Companies for the year 2007, NTPC

occupies 411th place.

• NTPC has installed capacity of 29,394

MW.

• It as

• 15 coal based power stations (23,395

MW),

• 7 gas based power stations (3,955

MW) and

ABOUT NTPC LIMITEDABOUT NTPC LIMITED

MW) and

• 4 power stations in Joint Ventures

(1,794 MW).

�Power Plant (also referred to as Generating

Station or Power Station) is an industrial

facility for the generation of electric power.

�At Power Plants, generators are used as

ABOUT POWER PLANTABOUT POWER PLANT

�At Power Plants, generators are used as

rotating machine that converts mechanical

energy into electrical energy by creating

relative motion between a magnetic field and

a conductor.

ABOUT BADARPUR THERMAL ABOUT BADARPUR THERMAL

POWER STATIONPOWER STATION

� The Badarpur Thermal Power Station has five

units of Steam

Turbine-Driven

Generators,

which has a totalwhich has a total

capacity of

705MW.

A top view of Badarpur

Thermal Power Station,

Badarpur, �ew Delhi

ABOUT BADARPUR THERMAL ABOUT BADARPUR THERMAL

POWER STATIONPOWER STATION

� The fuel being used is Coal, which is supplied

from the Jharia Coal Field in Jharkhand.

�Water supply is given from the Agra Canal.

Sr. *o. Capacity *o. of Generators Total Capacity

1. 210 MW 2 420 MW

2. 95 MW 3 285 MW

Total 705 MW

Table: Capacity of Badarpur Thermal Power Station, New Delhi

THERMAL POWER PLANTTHERMAL POWER PLANT

� In a Thermal Power Plant, one of coal, oil or

natural gas is used to heat the boiler to

convert the water into steam.

�The steam is used to turn a turbine, which is�The steam is used to turn a turbine, which is

connected to a generator.

�When the turbine turns, electricity is

generated and given as output by the

generator, which goes to the high tension

transformer then supplied to the consumers

through high-voltage power lines.

THERMAL POWER PLANTTHERMAL POWER PLANT

OPERATION OF COALOPERATION OF COAL--FIRED FIRED

POWER PLANTPOWER PLANT

� There are basically three main units of

a thermal power plant:

1. Steam Generator or Boiler

THERMAL POWER PLANTTHERMAL POWER PLANT

2. Steam Turbine

3. Electric Generator

�A boiler or steam generator is a device used

to create steam by applying heat energy to

water.

It is a rectangular furnace about 50 ft (15 m)

STEAM GENERATOR OR STEAM GENERATOR OR

BOILERBOILER

� It is a rectangular furnace about 50 ft (15 m)

on a side and 130 ft (40 m) tall.

� Its walls are made of a web of high pressure

steel tubes about 2.3 inches (60 mm) in

diameter.

�Pulverized coal is air-blown into the furnacefrom fuel nozzles at the four corners and itrapidly burns, forming a large fireball at thecenter.

STEAM GENERATOR OR STEAM GENERATOR OR

BOILERBOILER

�The thermal radiation of the fireball heats thewater that circulates through the boiler tubesnear the boiler perimeter.

�The water circulation rate in the boiler isthree to four times the throughput and istypically driven by pumps.

STEAM GENERATOR OR STEAM GENERATOR OR

BOILERBOILER

Schematic Diagram of a Steam Generator or Boiler

STEAM GENERATOR OR STEAM GENERATOR OR

BOILERBOILER

�As the water in the boiler circulates it absorbsheat and changes into steam at 700°F or370°C.

� It is separated from the water inside a drum at� It is separated from the water inside a drum atthe top of the furnace.

�The saturated steam is introduced intosuperheat pendant tubes.

�Here the steam is superheated to 1,000 °F or540 °C to prepare it for the turbine.

STEAM TURBINESTEAM TURBINE

�Steam turbines are used to drive thegenerators, which produce electricity.

�The turbines are driven by steamgenerated in 'Boilers' or 'SteamGenerators‘.Generators‘.

�Energy in the steam after it leaves theboiler is converted into rotational energyas it passes through the turbine.

STEAM TURBINESTEAM TURBINE

�The turbine normally consists of threestages with each stage consisting of astationary blade (or nozzle) and arotating blade.

STEAM TURBINESTEAM TURBINE

�Stationary blades convert the potentialenergy of the steam (temperature andpressure) into kinetic energy (velocity)and direct the flow onto the rotatingblades.

�The rotating blades convert the kineticenergy into forces, caused by pressuredrop, which results in the rotation of theturbine shaft.

STEAM TURBINESTEAM TURBINE

�The turbine shaft is connected to agenerator, which produces the electricalenergy.

�The rotational speed is 3000 rpm.

TURBINE GENERATORTURBINE GENERATOR

�The generators are used to convertmechanical power, delivered from theshaft of the turbine, into electricalpower.

TURBINE GENERATORTURBINE GENERATOR

�The mechanical energy from the turbineis converted by means a

� rotating magnetic field

� produced by direct current in the copper windingof the rotor or field,

�which generates three-phase alternating currentsand voltages in the copper winding of the stator(armature).

�The stator winding is connected toterminals, which are in turn connected tothe power system for delivery of theoutput power to the system.

TURBINE GENERATORTURBINE GENERATOR

�At Badarpur Thermal Power Station,

� 2-pole,

� 3000 rpm,

� 50 Hz generators are used

� of capacities 210 MW and95 MW.

A 95MW Turbine

Generator at

Badarpur Thermal

Power Station,

�ew Delhi

TRANSFORMERSTRANSFORMERS

�Step-Up the Voltage from

� 10.5kV to 220kV for 95 MW Generators.

� 15.75kV to 220kV for 210MW Generators.

�220kV output is transmitted to theswitchyard for further transmission.switchyard for further transmission.

COAL HANDLING DIVISIONCOAL HANDLING DIVISION

�The processing of coal before it is firedto the furnace, comes under the coalhandling division of the power plant.

�The Coal Handling Division of BTPShas the following parts:has the following parts:

� Railway Wagon Tripler

� Conveyor

� Coal Storage Ground

� Separator

� Pulverizer or Bowl Mill

COAL HANDLING DIVISIONCOAL HANDLING DIVISION

Railway Wagon Tripler Conveyor

Coal Storage Ground Separator

COAL HANDLING DIVISIONCOAL HANDLING DIVISION

�Pulverizers are used to crush it into finepowered particles.

Fired to the Boiler Furnace

Pulverizer

Boiler Furnace for combustion

THANK YOU

ANY QUERY??ANY QUERY??

PUSHKAR SHANKER

D3 – ELECTRICAL

ROLL NO. – 6278

UNIV - 6140508670