JOSE ÁNGEL MIRÓN SAMPEDROELÍAS ROMERO TUBÍO

3ºE.S.O-A

INDEX1. Definition of energy and type of diagram.2. Plant operation.3. Advantages and disvantages of a nuclear

power plant.4. Plants that are in Galicia.5. Plants that are in Spain.6. Plants that are in Europe.7. Plants that are in the world.8. Accidents that were with these plants.9. Conclusions.10. Biography.

1. DEFINITION OF ENERGY AND TYPE OF DIAGRAM

These reactions occur in the nucleus of some isotopes in chemical elements (radioisotopes).

A central nuclear plant is an industrial facility used for the generation of electrical energy from nuclear power.

2. Plant operationA nuclear power plant has a reactor, where

the fission of radioactive elements takes place.

It breaks elements and atoms apart and turns them into other elements (uranyum etc...)

Fission releases a large amount of heat energy. The steam moves the turbines like in dams. The movement of these turbines cause electric currents which are carried to substations and then to people’s homes.

Most important parts of a nuclear plant Nuclear plants consist mainly of four parts:

1. The nuclear reactor, where the nuclear reaction occurs.2. The steam generator (only in PWR plants).3. The turbine, which moves an electric generator to produce electricity from steam expansion.4. The condensed heat exchanger that cools the steam, transforming it back into liquid.

NUCLEAR REACTORA nuclear reactor is a

device which initiates and controls a sustained nuclear chain reaction. Nuclear reactors are used at nuclear power plants for generating electricity. A nuclear power plant can have several reactors.

STEAM GENERATOR

A steam generator is a machine where chemical energy is transformed into heat energy. Generators differ from steam boilers in the fact that they are much larger and more complicated.

STEAM TURBINE

A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. Its modern manifestation was invented by Sir Charles Parsons in 1884.

CONDENSED HEATA cooling system removes heat from the

reactor core and transports it to another area of the plant.

3. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANTADVANTAGES

- Quiet and small in relation to other plants./ - There is enough uranium and fissile material yet. /- Does not pollute the atmosphere and causes no pollution with a good use, with the exception of nuclear waste. - Very safe .

DISADVANTAGES

-In a possible-and improbable-failure, nuclear plants are highly dangerous. /The plants are very radioactive for the environment./-Uranium is a finite resource.-The disposal of spent fuel is a problem, because it can be used to make nuclear weapons. /The decay of some nuclear products takes thousands of years.

4. PLANTS THAT ARE IN GALICIA

In Galicia, the political representatives have declared the region a nuclear-free zone, that is, no plants or nuclear waste can be located in Galicia.

5. PLANTS THAT ARE IN SPAIN

In Spain there are six nuclear power plants locations, two of which, Almaraz and Ascó, have twin units, so the number of reactors is eight (2010).The nuclear plant Jose Cabrera (Zorita) located 70 km from Madrid was closed down on April 30, 2006 as it was the oldest in Spain .

6. PLANTS THAT ARE IN EUROPE

Slovenia, Lithuania, the Netherlands and Romania have one, Bulgaria has two, Finland and Hungary have four, Slovakia and Switzerland have five, the Czech Republic has six; Belgium seven, Spain eight, Sweden ten, Ukraine fifteen, Germany seventeen, the UK nineteen, and the highest concentration is in France, with 59 nuclear power plants.

7. PLANTS ALL OVER THE WORLD

8. ACCIDENTS THAT TOOK PLACE IN THESE PLANTSBy nuclear accidents, we refer to those

situations in which a considerable level of radiation is produced. To determine the severity of an accident, we use the International Nuclear Event Scale .

ACCIDENT AT THE THREE-MILE ISLAND NUCLEAR PLANT

In March 1979, the nuclear plant at Three Mile Island had a serious nuclear accident after the first year of operation. The accident was classified as level 5 on the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES)

CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT

In April 1986, the largest nuclear accident in history occurred at Chernobyl nuclear power plant due to a series of human errors. It was classified as a level 7 ("serious nuclear accident") on the INES scale.

NUCLEAR ACCIDENT 1 VANDELLÓS

In October 1989, the incident at the nuclear power plant of Vandellós took place. It was classified as level 3 ("major incident") on the INES scale.

Tokaimura NUCLEAR ACCIDENT

In September 1999, the accident at the nuclear fuel processing plant of Tokaimura took place. All signs indicated that it was due to a human error. The incident was classified as level 4 on the INES Scale.

FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT

The nuclear accident at Fukushima’s nuclear plant happened on March 11, 2011. There were a series of incidents, such as explosions in the buildings which contained the nuclear reactors, some faulty cooling systems, a triple fusion core and an outer radiation release.

9. CONCLUSIONS There are a lot of nuclear power plants. One

0f the places that has more nuclear power plants is France, with 59.

There are nuclear power plants that are environmentally-friendly and produce the same amount of energy.

However, none of them produce much electricity.

10. BIOGRAPHYWIKIPEDIA CENTRALES NUCLEARESBOOKS OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS