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Nuclear Proliferation Lesson 1– The NPT
Nuclear ProliferationLesson 1– The NPT
Objectives Students will differentiate between
nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons. Students will explain the history and
purpose of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
Students will examine current issues facing the global community surrounding nuclear weapons.
Students will formulate opinions about the use and regulation of nuclear weapons.
Warm Up What are weapons
of mass destruction?
Nuclear, chemical, biological
Inflict mass casualties & destruction
WMD’sWeapons Chemical Biological NuclearDefinition: Non-living
toxins with capacity to injure or kill
Living organisms (viruses, bacteria, toxins) spread disease
Atomic & Hydrogen bombs, Dirty bombs
Examples: Sarin, Mustard, Chlorine Gasses; Cyanide
9/11 Anthrax, Small pox, Ebola, Bubonic plague
Hiroshima & Nagasaki WW2
Rules against development, production, stockpiling, & use:
1992 Chemical Weapons Convention (175)
1972 Biological Weapons Convention (169)
1970 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (189)
History of Nuclear Proliferation 1945 – US 1st A-Bombs,
end WW2
1946 – Baruch Plan
1949 – USSR 1st A-Bomb
1950’s – GB, FRA, China detonate• Sputnik – Proliferation• Geneva Accords
1957 – IAEA Created
1962 – Partial Test-Ban Treaty after Cuban Crisis
1968 – UN proposes Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
1970 – NPT Official
NPT Controls dvpt, spread,
use of nuclear technology
Signed March 5, 1970• 43 Original, 189 Today
3 Goals:• Non-proliferation• Disarmament• Fair access for peaceful
use
NPT Categories Nuclear Weapons
States (NWS)
• Exploded device prior Jan 1967
• US-USSR-GB-France –China
• Can‘t transfer weapons/info
Non-Nuclear Weapons States (NNWS)
• Don’t /Won’t have• Technology for
peaceful use • IAEA Monitoring
NPT Articles I – NWS can’t transfer
weapons/info to NNWS
II – NNWS won’t receive weapons/info
III – NNWS won’t turn peace into weapons, IAEA monitoring
IV – All R&D peaceful tech, free exchange info/tech, share w/dvp world
V – Share at lowest possible cost (free?)
VI – Agree to disarm negotiations
VII – Can make own disarm treaties
VIII – Meet every 5 yrs
NPT NWS – Big 5
Non-NPT Nuclear States• India & Pakistan
(Never signed)• N.Korea (Quit ‘93,
‘03)
Suspected Programs• Israel (Never signed)• Iran (NPT Member)• Syria/Myanmar
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Media/north-korea-helping-myanmar-secret-nuclear-program/story?id=10823439
Global Nuclear ArsenalNation Total Nuclear ArsenalChina > 125France ~ 300India ~ 50Israel ~ 80Pakistan ~ 60Russia ~ 14,000United Kingdom ~ 160United States ~ 10,500
Total ~25,275
Source:http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/2009-global-prolif6.pdf
Importance? Prevents
proliferation
Regulations
Sets stage for future negotiation• Review Conference
every 5 yrs (May 2010)
WATCH ME: http://choices.edu/resources/scholarsonline/cirincione/jci2.php
What Do You Think?Strongly Agree
Agree Undecided
Oppose Strongly Oppose
Preventing the spread of nuclear weapons should be our most important foreign policy.Deterrence can effectively protect the US against attack by other states.Nuclear weapons can actually reduce the likelihood of war.A nuclear war cannot be won, and should never be fought.The challenges of nuclear weapons can be addressed only through international cooperation.The US should never accept international agreements that limit our ability to develop and test nuclear weapons.We should modernize our nuclear weapons stockpiles and develop new “mini nukes” for use during limited war.We should continue to develop a national missile defense system to protect us from smaller attacks
Closure Do nuclear weapons make the world
more or less safe?
Homework US Role In
Changing World Reading “Nuclear Weapons” & Guided Reading Questions
