NUCLEAR PROLIFERATIONLESSON 1– THE NPT

OBJECTIVES

• Students will differentiate between nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons.

• Students will explain the history and purpose of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

• Students will examine current issues facing the global community surrounding nuclear weapons.

• Students will formulate opinions about the use and regulation of nuclear weapons.

WARM UP• Reading

• What are weapons of mass destruction?

• Nuclear, chemical, biological

• Inflict mass casualties & destruction

COMPARE & CONTRAST TYPES OF WMD’S

Biological

Nuclear

Chemical

Identify as much as you know about each of these three types of WMDs

Work with your North partner!

HISTORY OF NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION

• 1945 – US 1st A-Bombs, end WW2

• 1946 – Baruch Plan

• 1949 – USSR 1st A-Bomb

• 1950’s – GB, FRA, China detonate

• Sputnik – Proliferation

• Geneva Accords

• 1957 – IAEA Created

• 1962 – Partial Test-Ban Treaty after Cuban Crisis

• 1968 – UN proposes Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

• 1970 – NPT Official

• Physical Effects of an Atomic Bomb Explosion

• http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search

• Review the effects of nuclear weapons

• Give Handout

NPT

• Controls dvpt, spread, use of nuclear technology

• 3 Goals:

• Non-proliferation

• Disarmament

• Fair access for peaceful use

• Signed March 5, 1970

• 43 Original, 189 Today

NPT CATEGORIES

• Nuclear Weapons States (NWS)

• Exploded device prior Jan 1967

• US-USSR-GB-France –China

• Can‘t transfer weapons/info

• Non-Nuclear Weapons States (NNWS)

• Don’t /Won’t have

• Technology for peaceful use

• IAEA Monitoring

NPT ARTICLES

• I – NWS can’t transfer weapons/info to NNWS

• II – NNWS won’t receive weapons/info

• III – NNWS won’t turn peace into weapons, IAEA monitoring

• IV – All R&D peaceful tech, free exchange info/tech, share w/dvp world

• V – Share at lowest possible cost (free?)

• VI – Agree to disarm negotiations

• VII – Can make own disarm treaties

• VIII – Meet every 5 yrs

PREDICTIONS

• Think Pair Share

• List the top 5 countries with Nuclear Weapons in order

ACTIVITY: MAPPING THE NUCLEAR WORLD

• Using your smartphones search “Choices Mapping the Nuclear World”

• Click on the site

• Then click on the Nuclear Weapons map under “Resources”

NPT• NWS – Big 5

• Non-NPT Nuclear States

• India & Pakistan (Never signed)

• N.Korea (Quit ‘93, ‘03)

• Iran (NPT Member)

• Suspected Programs

• Israel (Never signed)

• Syria/Myanmar

http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Media/north-korea-helping-myanmar-secret-nuclear-program/story?id=10823439

IMPORTANCE?

• Prevents proliferation

• Regulations

• Sets stage for future negotiation

• Review Conference every 5 yrs (May 2010)

http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2010/dc3243.doc.htm

CURRENT CHALLENGES

• Universality

• Nonsigners –Israel, India, Pakistan

• Non-Compliance

• Iran• http://

www.aljazeera.com/video/middleeast/2011/11/201111734745483645.html

• N.Korea

• Helping Syria & Myanmar?

• Black Market

• Terrorism

• Theft/Illegal Sales

http://www.choices.edu/resources/scholarsonline/nichols/tn5.php

CLOSURE

• Do you view nuclear proliferation as inconsequential or agree with efforts to limit the spread and numbers of nuclear weapons?

INTERACTIVE MAPHTTP://WWW.ALJAZEERA.COM/INDEPTH/INTERACTIVE/2012/05/201252416836407993.HTML

tries and their nuclear weapons

CountryOperational and strategic weapons*

Total arsenal**

SOURCE: FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS, AS OF 6 MARCH 2012

Russia 2,430 10,000

US 1,950 8,500

France 290 300

China 0 240

UK 160 225

Pakistan 0 90-110

India 0 80-100

Israel 0 80

North Korea 0 Fewer than 10