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Null-hypothesis for a Phi-Coefficient
Conceptual Explanation
With hypothesis testing we are setting up a null-hypothesis –
With hypothesis testing we are setting up a null-hypothesis – the probability that there is no effect or relationship –
With hypothesis testing we are setting up a null-hypothesis – the probability that there is no effect or relationship – and then we collect evidence that leads us to either accept or reject that null hypothesis.
As you may recall, a Phi-coefficient is a value that makes it possible to statistically test the relationship between a dichotomous dependent variable and a dichotomous independent variable.
As you may recall, a Phi-coefficient is a value that makes it possible to statistically test the relationship between a dichotomous dependent variable and a dichotomous independent variable. By dichotomous we mean variables that have only two options (e.g., yes/no, member/nonmember, exists/does not exist, etc.).
Here is a template for writing a null-hypothesis for a Phi-Coefficient:
Here is a template for writing a null-hypothesis for a Phi-Coefficient:
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Example 1
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the religious and non-religious affiliation of a person and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the religious and non-religious affiliation of a person and [insert dependent variable].
Problem
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between religious and non-religious affiliation and college graduation.
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-Hypothesis
There is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the religious and non-religious affiliation of a person and college graduation.
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the religious and non-religious affiliation of a person and college graduation.
Example 2
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
A researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
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ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the age and [insert dependent variable].s
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the age and [insert dependent variable].s
ProblemA researcher wishes to determine if a significant relationship exists between age (older than 50 vs. younger than 50) and political affiliation (Democrat vs. Republican).
Template for a Phi-Coefficient Null-HypothesisThere is no statistically significant relationship between the [insert independent variable] and [insert dependent variable].
Null-hypothesis for this ProblemThere is no statistically significant relationship between the age and political affiliation.s
Null-hypothesis for this Problem
There is no statistically significant relationship between the age and political affiliation.