Control of Modern Wind TurbinesNumerical and Experimental Modal Characterization of a 3MW Wind Turbine
EWEA 2012
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Last edit: 15/12/2010
Dynamics is key-important for Up-scaling
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
Aim
Comprehensive Modal Characterization of ECO 100 3MW
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Last edit: 15/12/2010
Finite Element Models
Optimize sensor location
Reflect Wind Turbine Multiphysics
Multi-Body dynamics: improved accuracy
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
Operational Modal Analysis is a System Identification Technique based on Vibration Responses to Unknown Excitation
PROS:
WT as One system not a number of interacting subsystems
Real dynamic loads real deflection magnitudes
Correct boundary conditions
Harmonic nature of excitation
Valid Approach to study Wind Turbines Dynamics
OMA main assumptions are strictly valid only in idling conditions
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Last edit: 15/12/2010
10 control signals
65 Torque-regulated datasets selected for analysis
Idling
Torque-regulated
Pitch-regulated
(3850 in total) @ 256 Hz sampling rate
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Last edit: 15/12/2010
Algorithm: Stochastic Subspace Iteration (SSI)
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
Out-of-Plane modal frequencies are less reliable
Out-of-Plane Modes
O1BW O1FW O1C
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
SS1
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
FA2
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
SS2
FA1
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
I1BW
I1FW
I1C
Out-of-Plane Modal Damping Less Reliable
O2C
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
8 of 15 identified modes paired (below 5 Hz)
MAC > 50%
T1FA T1SS O2FW
O1BW T2SS T2FA
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
Overall Agreement (Tower 1st & In-Plane modes better)
OMA = marks Aero-Elastic model = solid lines
O1
Frequency
RPM
+ O2C
+ O2BW
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
System
Mode
Tower
T1FA
8.0%
12.5%
±6.0%
T1SS
1.0%
1.0%
±1.3%
T2FA
2.3%
3.5%
±4.1%
T2SS
1.1%
0.5%
±0.3%
Rotor
I1BW
1.1%
1.5%
±2.1%
I1FW
1.3%
1.7%
±1.9%
I1C
1.2%
0.7%
±1.0%
O2BW
14.0%
7.8%
±8.1%
O2C
14.0%
5.9%
±7.7%
O2FW
14.0%
6.2%
±10.9%
I2BW
1.5%
1.2%
±0.5%
I2FW
1.2%
0.8%
±0.7%
T = Tower FA = Fore-Aft SS = Side-Side I = In-Plane O = Out-of-Plane BW/FW = Backward/Forward Whirling
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
Valuable insight of Wind Turbine Dynamics available
Modal Frequency, Shape and Damping identified
Correlation found with Numerical Models
Conclusions
MW-Turbine dynamics is well characterized
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Slide ‹#›
Future Applications of OMA
…towards Larger Wind Turbines
© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Last edit: 15/12/2010
www.power.alstom.com
Carcangiu CE, Numerical & Experimental Modal Analysis EWEA, Copenhagen, 17th Apr 2012 P ‹#›
Last edit: 15/12/2010