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N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
CSU, STANISLAUS B.S.N. CLINICAL PLAN OF CARE
Patient Data Student Ikneet Kandola Date of Care 02/2015 Room Number 45B Code Status: DNR
Pt. Initials AA Gender F Age 72 Height 167.6cm Weight 70kg BMI 25.18 Spirituality Catholic Ethnicity Caucasian Admitting Diagnosis: severe sepsis and ALOC r/t UTI Vital Signs: Temp 97.2 HR 98 RR 20 B/P 118/54 O2 Sat 98 Pain Scale & Scale Type 0 on 0-10 scale History related to this admission recurrent CDIFF. Pt was in the hospital 1/28/15 Past Medical History Type 2 DM 2009, COPD/emphysema 2013, asthma, coronary athersosclerosis/CAD, HTN, hypercholesteremia, peripheral neuropathy, Herpes zoster 2005, viral hepatitis A 1995, open wound of knee, leg, & ankle 7/26/10, closed fracture of shaft of Rt humerus, recurrent bladder infections, A-Fib 9/14/13, PVD, diabetic retinopathy 2013, hypoglycemia 2013, carotid artery stenosis 4/7/2013, syncope & collapse 4/6/2013, atopic dermatitis 10/31/12, acute bronchitis 3/8/12, chest pain pleuritic 3/28/12, ARF 2/8/15, mental status alt 2/8/15 Admit Date 02/08/2015 POD N/A Surgical History & Date Total abd hysterectomy 1968, cholecystectomy 1965, appendectomy 1966, thoracotomy excision of Bullae date unknown, PTCA 2000, bilat leg artery surgery-blockage-bilat stent legs unknown date, cataract extraction 9/17/13 MD(s) Tesfaye, B hospitalist; Fung MD
Diet All clear fluids changed to controlled carb diabetic diet Activity Bed rest; ambulates w/ 2 person assist Foley Yes Feeding Tube & Rate N/A Advance Directive: Yes No X Drains/ Tubes N/A Isolation Contact: CDIF VS Freq routine Glucose Monitoring ACHS TID DVT Prophylaxis SCD’s, Eliquis Vascular Access: peripheral PCA/Epidural N/A Telemetry & Rhythm Continuous monitoring; A-Fib IV Site: Rt. wrist 22g IV Solution & Rate: Cardizem 125mg in D5W 125mL: 10mL/hr Safety Considerations fall risk precautions Restraints N/A IV Site: Rt. Forearm 20g IV Solution & Rate: NaCl 0.9% 20mL/hr Labs for day of clinical: CBC, BMP, ECG Dressing Changes & Frequency N/A Scheduled Procedures 2/11/15@ 1540 CT Abd Pelvis; WBC body scan: 2/12/15 Procedures done this admission EKG, Abd pelvis contrast, chest contrast, brain CT, WBC Body scan Oxygen 2L NC Respiratory Treatment: Duoneb Vent Settings: BiPAP 8 bpm Advanced Hemodynamic Monitoring & Values N/A IV Drips Medications Dosage & Rate: Cardizem 125mg in D5W 125mL: 10mL/hr NaCl 0.9% 20mL/hr; Notes on Pathophysiology: sepsis: life threatening complication of an infection. SIRS. Body has severe response to bacteria. A-fib: quivering, irregular heartbeat that can lead to blood clots, stroke, HF, and other heart related complications.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, STANISLAUS
MEDICATION WORKSHEET Allergies: fish: swelling & itching, shellfish is ok; Naproxen: swelling & itching; Opioid analgesics: codeine: 1 tab keeps her awake 24 hrs; sulfa
antibiotics: hives; plastic tape: rash, paper tape is ok.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
Medication
Generic & Trade Name
Dose, Route, Frequency
Mechanism of Action
Classification
Patient-Specific Rationale
Nursing Considerations
(Assessment implications, side effects, reasons
to hold med, administration rate, etc…)
SCHEDULED MEDS
Apixaban (Eliquis)
5mg PO BID
Apixaban is a selective inhibitor of
FXa. It does not require
antithrombin III for antithrombotic
activity. Apixaban inhibits free and
clot-bound FXa, and
prothrombinase activity. Apixaban
has no direct effect on platelet
aggregation, but indirectly inhibits
platelet aggregation induced by
thrombin. By inhibiting FXa,
apixaban decreases thrombin
generation and thrombus
development.
Anticoagulant
Pt is on this med because she
has A-fib which increases her
risk for stroke and clots.
Monitor PT, INR, PTT for coagulation
studies. Assess for signs of bleeding: RBC,
skin, etc.
s/e: bleeding, bruising, sedation
Carvedilol (Coreg)
6.25mg PO BID w/ breakfast
and dinner
Blocks stimulation of beta 1 and
beta 2 adrenergic receptor sites.
Anti-hypertensives; betablockers
Pt has HTN Assess BP, HR before and after
administration. Hold if SBP < 110 or HR
<60. Take with food to minimize
orthostatic hypotension.
s/e: bradycardia, anxiety, depression, HF,
insomnia, memory loss, decreased libido
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin
B-12)
100mcg PO Daily
Important for metabolism.
Essential for normal growth, cell
reproduction, maturation of RBCs,
nucleoprotein synthesis,
maintenance of nervous system
(myelin synthesis), and believed to
be involved in protein and
carbohydrate metabolism. Also
acts as coenzyme in various
biologic reactions. Helps with
formation of RBCs, and
Pt has chronic anemia. Monitor RBC, Hgb, Hct before and during
therapy. Therapeutic response is within 48
hours. Instruct pt about proper diet to aid
with vit b12 deficiency.
s/e: loss of balance, numbness or tingling of
arms & legs, weakness
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
maintenance of CNS.
Water-soluble vitamin
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
125mg in D5W 125mL
5-15 mg/hr IV drip titrate
Current dose: 10mg/hr
Inhibits transport of calcium unto
myocardial and vascular smooth
muscle cells, resulting in inhibition
of excitation-contraction coupling
and subsequent contraction. TE:
Systemic vasodilation resulting in
↓ frequency and severity of attacks
of angina. ↓ of ventricular rate in
atrial fibrillation or flutter
Antianginals, antiarrhythmics,
antihypertensives; calcium channel
blocker
Pt has A-Fib Monitor BP, pulse, I&O, Rash, and ECG
continuously.
Assess HR & BP before and after
administration. Hold if SBP <110 or
HR<60. Call provider if SBP <90. notify
for signs of irregular heart beats, dyspnea,
swelling of hands and feet, pronounced
dizziness; avoid large amounts of grapefruit
juice.
Admin instructions: starting dose 5mg/hr.
Titrate by 5mg/hr. Titration interval: every
30 min. Goal: maintain HR b/w 60-100
bpm. Max dose: 15mg/hr.
s/e: peripheral edema, bradycardia,
hypotension, dizziness, arrhythmias,
vomiting, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Insulin glargine (Lantus)
Inj pen 10 units Subq Daily
Lowers blood glucose by:
stimulating glucose uptake in
skeletal muscle & fat, inhibiting
hepatic glucose production.
Antidiabetic hormone
Pt has Type 2 DM Monitor glucose levels. Instruct how to use
and administer with pen for discharge:
prime with 2 units, dial to 10 units, press the
pen down till you hear the click and inject,
hold for as many secs as the units being
given: 10 units= hold for 10 secs
Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia:
anxiety, restlessness, tingling in hands, feet,
lips, or tongue, chills, cold sweats,
confusion, cool, pale skin, difficulty in
concentration, drowsiness, nightmares or
trouble sleeping, excessive hunger,
headache, irritability, nausea, nervousness,
tachycardia, tremor, weakness, unsteady
gait. & assess symptoms of hyperglycemia
(5 p’s).
Must be checked by two nurses before
administration.
s/e: Hypoglycemia, erythema,
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
lipodystrophy, pruritis, swelling,
anaphylaxis
Drug interaction w/ beta blockers can cause
S&S of hypoglycemia.
Insulin lispro human
(humalog)
Inj pen 1-18 units Subq TID
w/ meals
Dose depends on blood
glucose monitoring (ACHS
TID), and the sliding scale:
70-150: 0 units
151-200: 3 units
201-250: 6 units
251-300: 9 units
301-350: 12 units
351-400: 15units
>400: give 18 units and call
MD. Draw serum blood
glucose.
Lowers blood glucose by:
stimulating glucose uptake in
skeletal muscle & fat, inhibiting
hepatic glucose production.
Antidiabetic hormone
Pt has Type 2 DM Monitor glucose levels. Instruct how to use
and administer with pen for discharge:
prime with 2 units, dial to 10 units, press the
pen down till you hear the click and inject,
hold for as many secs as the units being
given: 10 units= hold for 10 secs
Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia:
anxiety, restlessness, tingling in hands, feet,
lips, or tongue, chills, cold sweats,
confusion, cool, pale skin, difficulty in
concentration, drowsiness, nightmares or
trouble sleeping, excessive hunger,
headache, irritability, nausea, nervousness,
tachycardia, tremor, weakness, unsteady
gait. & assess symptoms of hyperglycemia
(5 p’s).
Must be checked by two nurses before
administration.
s/e: Hypoglycemia, erythema,
lipodystrophy, pruritis, swelling,
anaphylaxis
Drug interaction w/ beta blockers can cause
S&S of hypoglycemia.
Insulin lispro human
(Humalog)
Inj pen 1-5 units Subq qHS
Dose depends on blood
glucose monitoring (ACHS
TID), and the sliding scale:
200-250: 1 unit
251-300: 2 units
301-350: 3 units
351-400: 4 units
Lowers blood glucose by:
stimulating glucose uptake in
skeletal muscle & fat, inhibiting
hepatic glucose production.
Antidiabetic hormone
Pt has Type 2 DM Monitor glucose levels. Instruct how to use
and administer with pen for discharge:
prime with 2 units, dial to 10 units, press the
pen down till you hear the click and inject,
hold for as many secs as the units being
given: 10 units= hold for 10 secs
Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia:
anxiety, restlessness, tingling in hands, feet,
lips, or tongue, chills, cold sweats,
confusion, cool, pale skin, difficulty in
concentration, drowsiness, nightmares or
trouble sleeping, excessive hunger,
headache, irritability, nausea, nervousness,
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
>400: 5 units; call MD and
draw serum blood glucose.
tachycardia, tremor, weakness, unsteady
gait. & assess symptoms of hyperglycemia
(5 p’s).
Must be checked by two nurses before
administration.
s/e: Hypoglycemia, erythema,
lipodystrophy, pruritis, swelling,
anaphylaxis
Drug interaction w/ beta blockers can cause
S&S of hypoglycemia.
Ipratropium/Albuterol
(Duoneb)
0.5mg/2.5mg/3mL
3mL PO INH q4h by RT
Decreased intracellular calcium
relaxes smooth muscle airways.
Bronchodilates to control and
prevent reversible airway
obstruction caused by asthma or
COPD. Inhalation provides quick
relief for acute bronchospasm.
The combination of these meds,
Duoneb, is expected to maximize
the response to treatment in
patients with COPD by reducing
bronchospasm through two
distinctly different mechanisms:
sympathomimetic (albuterol
sulfate) and
anticholinergic/parasympatholytiw/
(ipratropium bromide).
Simultaneous administration of
both an anticholinergic and a β2-
sympathomimetic is designed to
produce greater bronchodilation
effects than when either drug is
utilized alone.
β2-adrenergic bronchodilator;
anticholinergic bronchodilator
Pt has COPD. Assess for lungs sounds, pulse, BP. Note
color/character of sputum. Monitor
pulmonary function. Observe for
paradoxical bronchospasm (wheezing),
HOLD medication and contact physician.
May cause transient decrease in serum
potassium concentrations.
Use first if using other inhalers & allow 5
min in between.
Instruct pt to rinse mouth after use, instruct
pt how to use device.
For nebulizer, compressed air or oxygen
flow should be 6-10 L per min.
Use medication as directed.
s/e: Nervousness, restlessness, tremor,
chest pain, palpitations
Occurs more frequently in children than
adults.
Use cautiously with pts with cardiac
disease, hypertension, diabetes.
Menthol/zinc oxide
(Calmoseptine Ointment)
Soothes and helps promote healing
of impaired skin. Relieves skin
irritations.
Pt is experiencing skin
irritation on the buttocks.
Assess skin integrity and improvement.
Instruct pt how to apply:
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
1 application topical to
buttocks BID
Analgesic, antiseptic, antipruritic,
skin protectant
Gently wash the affected area. Pat
dry or allow to air dry.
Apply a thin layer of Calmoseptine
ointment to the affected area as
directed by your doctor or the
package labeling. Rub in gently.
Wash your hands right away after
using Calmoseptine ointment, unless
your hands are part of the treated
area.
s/e: Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives;
itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the
chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or
tongue).
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
500 mg in 0.79% NaCl
100mL(premix)
500mg IV q8h
Disrupts DNA and protein
synthesis in susceptible organisms.
Bactericidal action.
Anti-infectives, antiprotozoals;
antiulcer agents
Pt has UTI Assess pt for infection: VS, sputum, urine,
stool, WBC before and during therapy.
Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity
testing.
Avoid alcohol and other alcohol-containing
preparations (e.g., elixirs, cough syrups,
tonics). Avoid driving or other activities
requiring alertness because med causes
dizziness.
s/e: Seizures, dizziness, headache, abd pain,
anorexia, nausea.
Simvastatin (Zocor)
40mg PO qHS
Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase,
which is responsible for catalyzing
an early step in the synthesis of
cholesterol.
Lipid-lowering agents; HMG-CoA
reductase inhibitors.
Pt has hypercholesteremia Evaluate serum cholesterol and triglyceride
levels. If pt develops muscle tenderness
during therapy, monitor CK levels. Pt
should notify MD if unexplained muscle
pain, tenderness, or weakness occurs. Avoid
>200mL/day of grapefruit juice.
s/e: Abdominal cramps, constipation,
diarrhea, flatus, heartburn, rhabdomyolysis,
rashes.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
Vancomycin (Vancocin)
50mg/mL PO Sln
250mg PO q6h
Inhibits proper cell wall synthesis
in gram-positive bacteria. For use
in colitis.
Glycopeptide antibiotic
Pt has an infection. Monitor WBC, VS, cultures. Instruct pt to
finish course of antibiotic therapy.
s/e: bladder pain, bloody or cloudy urine,
decreased urine, irregular heartbeat
PRN MEDICATIONS
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
650mg PO q4h prn
Inhibits the synthesis of
prostaglandins that may serve as
mediators of pain and fever,
primarily in the CNS. Has no
significant anti-inflammatory
properties or GI toxicity.
Antipyretics, nonopiod analgesics
Pt is on this med for fever r/t
infection
Assess pain scale.
Chronic excessive use of >4 g/day (2 g in
chronic alcoholics) may lead to
hepatotoxicity, renal or cardiac damage,
avoid alcohol to decrease liver damage.
Dose limit is 3 g. Overdose can result in
severe toxicity.
s/e: headache, fatigue, insomnia,
dyspnea,hypertension/hypotension,
HEPATOTOXICITY (↑ DOSES),
constipation, ↑ liver enzymes, nausea,
vomiting, hypokalemia, renal failure (high
doses/chronic use) rash, urticaria.
Docusate Sodium (Colace)
100mg PO BID prn
Water in stool to make softer fecal
matter, promote electrolyte and
water into the colon. Softens stool
for passage.
Laxatives; stool softeners
Pt is on this med for potential
constipation.
Assess for bowel sounds and bowel
function; color, consistency and amount of
stool produced. Assess for abd distention.
Teach pt only to use for short term, long
term will cause electrolyte imbalance and
dependence. Try to get pt to use other forms
of bowel regulation (increase diet, fluid
intake, mobility). Pt with cardiac disease
avoid straining during bowel movement.
Not to use when abdominal pain, nausea,
vomiting, or fever. Do not take within 2 hr
of other laxative
s/e: Throat irritation, mild cramps, diarrhea,
rash
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen
(Norco 5)
5mg/325mg PO q4h prn pain
Binds to opiate receptors in the
CNS. Alters the perception of and
response to painful stimuli. CNS
depression. Decrease in severity of
moderate pain. Suppression of
cough reflex.
Allergy, cold, and cough remedies
(antitussive), opiod analgesics;
opioid agonists/nonopioid
analgesic combinations
Pt is on this med for pain (pt
has hx of back pain that
comes and goes)
Assessment
Assess BP, P, RR before and periodically
during administration. RR <10 breaths per
min, assess level of sedation.
Assess bowel function routinely. Increase
fluid and bulk to prevent constipation.
Assess pain: type, location, intensity of
pain, prior to and 1 hr following
administration.
Assess cough: assess cough and lung sound
when using as an antitussive.
Implementation
HIGH ALERT: Accidental overdosage of
opioid analgesics has resulted in fatalities.
Before administering, clarify all ambiguous
orders, have second practitioner
independently check original order and dose
calculations.
Medications should be discontinued
gradually after long term use to prevent
withdrawal symptoms.
Advise pt to take medication as directed.
Liver damage may result from prolonged
use.
May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
Advise pt to change positions slowly to
minimize orthostatic hypotension.
s/e: CNS: confusion, dizziness, sedation.
CV: hypotension, bradycardia. GI:
constipation, dyspepsia, nausea
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
1.25mg/0.5mL
Neb Sln 1.25mg INH q4h
prn
Binds to beta 2-adrenergic
receptors on airway smooth
muscle. This leads to the activation
of adenylate cyclase and to an
increase in the intracellular
concentration of cyclic-3', 5'-
adenosine monophosphate (cyclic
AMP). This increase in cyclic
Pt is on this med for
bronchitis r/t her COPD and
asthma.
Assess for lungs sounds, pulse, BP. Note
color/character of sputum. Monitor
pulmonary function. Observe for
paradoxical bronchospasm (wheezing),
HOLD medication and contact physician.
Use albuterol first if using other inhalers &
allow 5 min in between, Rinse mouth after
use, instruct pt how to use device.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
AMP leads to the activation of
protein kinase A, which inhibits
the phosphorylation of myosin and
lowers intracellular ionic calcium
concentrations, resulting in
relaxation of the smooth muscles
of all airways.
Bronchodilator; Beta2-adrenergic
agonist
Dilute with normal saline to 3mL
s/e: Paradoxical bronchospasm, chest pain,
arrhythmia
Magnesium Sulfate 2g in
water for inj 50mL IVPB
(premix)
2g IV prn Mg between 1.5-
1.9
Magnesium Sulfate 3g in D5
100mL IVPB
3g IV prn Mg between 1.2-
1.4
Magnesium Sulfate 4g in
sterile water 100mL IVPB
(premix)
4g IV prn Mg between 0.9-
1.1
Essential for the activity of many
enzymes. Important role in
neurotransmission and muscle
excitability.
Mineral and electrolyte
replacements/supplements
Pt has hx of Magnesium
deficiency. This will replace
magnesium needed for many
organ functions.
Monitor Magnesium levels before and
during therapy. Use with caution with
eliquis.
Administration instructions: use scale to
determine dose.
s/e: Confusion, dizziness or
lightheadedness, fast, slow, or irregular
heartbeat, low blood pressure, muscle
weakness
Ondansetron (Zofran)
2mg/mL Inj
4mg IV q6h prn
Blocks the effects of serotonin at
5-HT3 receptor sites located in
vagal nerve terminals & the
chemoreceptor trigger zone in the
CNS.
Antiemetics; 5-HT3 antagonists
Pt is on this med for potential
N/V
Assess pt for nausea, vomiting, abdominal
distention, & bowel sounds prior to & after
admin. Assess pt for extra pyramidal
effects: involuntary movements, facial
grimacing, rigidity, shuffling walk,
trembling of hands.
Instruct pt to take Ondansetron as directed.
Advise pt to notify STAT of extra
pyramidal effects.
IV push at 1 to 4 mg over 2 to 5 mins.
s/e: Headache, constipation, diarrhea,
abdominal pain, dry mouth, extra pyramidal
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
effects, fatigue, dizziness, increase liver
enzymes.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
LABORATORY DATA: newest to oldest
LABS Normal Range (Fill in Hospital Norms)
RESULT 1 (date & time)
2/12 0630
RESULT 2 (date & time)
2/11 0614
RESULT 3 (date & time)
2/10 0352
Reason for abnormal lab
values r/t diagnosis &
nursing implications
CBC
WBC 4-11 16 trend ↓ 19.9 15.2 Above NR. Increased levels indicate infection. Pt dx UTI. Pt is on antibiotics thus the values are going back towards normal. Floor staff must maintain proper hand hygiene by “gelling in & out.” Sterile procedures and all invasive procedures must be done with the proper and necessary precautions to reduce the risk and spread of infection. Monitor WBC and VS (fever).
RBC 3.9-5.4 3.04 trend ↓ 3.17 2.98 Below NR. Monitor RBC
and for signs of nausea, light-headedness, weakness. Pt has ARF and chronic anemia and is on Vit B-12 replacement. Continue to monitor RBC for improvement.
Hemoglobin 11.7-15.5 8.7 trend ↓ 9.1 8.6 Below NR. Decrease in RBC will result in a decrease in HGB. Critical low levels may lead to angina, heart attack, CHF, stroke. Continue to monitor HGB and for signs of nausea, light-headedness, weakness. Pt has ARF and chronic anemia.
Hematocrit 35-47 26.6 trend ↓ 27.9 26.4 Below NR. Decrease in RBC and HGB results in a decrease in HCT. Continue to monitor HCT and for signs of nausea, light-headedness, weakness. Pt has ARF and chronic anemia.
PLT COUNT 150-400 516 trend ↓ 520 469 Above NR. Increased PLT increase the risk for developing a clot. This is important because pt stays in bed most of the time. Pt is on Eliquis for clot risk r/t A-Fib. Assess for edema, warmth, redness. Continue to monitor PLT.
CHEMISTRY
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
Potassium 3.5-5.1 3.6 trend ↓ ----- 3.9 WNL. Assess for S&S of hypokalemia: weakness, fatigue, arrhythmias, polyuria, polydipsia. Assess for S&S of hyperkalemia: slow, irregular heartbeat, fatigue, muscle weakness, confusion. Discuss these with pt and potassium diet with them: bananas, avocados, potatoes, etc. Monitor electrolyte balance. Important to monitor K in this cardiac pt because of fatal complications of hypokalemia with heart meds.
Glucose 70-99 2/12 @1200
175
Trend ↓
2/12 @0630
200
2/11 @1200
368
Above NR. The time of day, different forms of stress and drugs can cause increased BS. Pt has Type 2 DM which causes increased blood sugar Monitor for S&S of hyperglycemia: SOB, excessive thirst, headaches and frequent urination. Continue to monitor glucose POC.
Magnesium 1.8-2.4 ----- ----- 1.2 Below NR. Continue to monitor Magnesium levels. Low levels may increase cardiac irritability and aggravate cardiac arrhythmias. Most organ functions depend on magnesium. Pt needs proper electrolyte balance and nutrition for organs to continue functioning normally. Pt is on Mag replacement therapy.
LIVER PANEL
Alk phosphatase 26-137 --- --- 59 LFT’s WNL. Need to be
monitored with
administration of
Tylenol for signs of
hepatotoxicity.
AST 0-37 --- --- 36 LFT’s WNL. Need to be
monitored with
administration of
Tylenol for signs of
hepatotoxicity.
ALT 0-60 --- --- 15 LFT’s WNL. Need to be
monitored with
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
administration of
Tylenol for signs of
hepatotoxicity.
COAGULATTION
PT 12.1-15.3 --- --- 26.1 Above NR. Pt is on
Eliquis which may be
the cause of this
elevation. MD should be
notified to see if dose
needs to be changed.
INR ratio 0.9-1.1 --- --- 2.6 Above NR. Pt is on
Eliquis which may be
the cause of this
elevation. MD should be
notified to see if dose
needs to be changed.
PTT 24-36 --- --- 45.9 Above NR. Pt is on
Eliquis which may be
the cause of this
elevation. MD should be
notified to see if dose
needs to be changed.
UA collection type --- --- unknown The UA indicates that
the pt has a UTI. This
was the reason for the
pt’s ALOC and fall that
led to ER admission.
Administer meds and
monitor WBC, VS, UA.
Urine color Light yellow --- --- Amber
Urine appearance Clear --- --- Cloudy
Specific gravity 1.003-1.035 --- --- 1.010
Urine Ph 5-8 --- --- 5
Urine glucose Neg --- --- Neg
Urine bilirubin Neg --- --- Neg
Urine blood Neg --- --- Moderate
Urine Ketones Neg --- --- Neg
Urine Nitrites Neg --- --- Neg
Urine Protein Neg --- --- Neg
Urine Leukocytes Neg --- --- 2+
Stool Cultures --- --- Pos A
CDIFF on
2/9 & 1/28
This culture indicates
that pt has CDIFF.
Administer appropriate
meds and monitor WBC,
VS, and cultures.
ABG(FIO2 + device)
pH 7.35-7.45 --- 7.196 --- The pt’s ABG’s indicate
Respiratory acidosis.
Administer
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev 11/6/13
Thebronchodilators,
oxygen, Bi-PAP (if
needed) to treat
underlying disease. This
is also related to her
COPD and decreased
cardiac output.
PO2 80-100 --- 82 --- “”
PCO2 35-45 --- 56.8 --- “”
Bicarbonate 20-26 --- 21.5 --- “”
Oxygen Saturation 95-100 98 93 --- “"
DIAGNOSTIC DATA Student Name: Ikneet Kandola
Transthoracic Echo 1/18/15 1707 A fib w/ mild left ventricular hypertrophy.
Mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. PA
pressure: 33mg norm.
ECG 2/9/15 @0650 Ventricular rate: 112; atrial rate: 111; QRS:
82ms; QT: 332 ms. Dx: A fib w/ rapid
ventricular response.
CT chest with contrast 2/11/15 @ 1343 Proximal abd aortic pseudoaneurysm
mostly thrombosed.. 6mm nodular
component of active arterial flow.
Recommend imaging to abd pelvis to assess
extent of disease.
CT abd Pelvis 2/11/15 @1938 Possible upper abd aorta hematoma. Mild to
moderate bilat pleural effusion.
WBC Body scan 2/12/15 Results pending
NOTE: This outline of labs and diagnostics is to be organized by each student it is NOT all inclusive
you must decide what labs are important. Not all labs on this list will be found on each patient.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
Concept Mapping Student Name: Ikneet Kandola
List NANDA nursing diagnosis, supporting data, and interventions. List Supporting Data under each nursing diagnosis to support each
diagnosis, including lab data, medications, assessment findings in clockwise order. List Interventions for Each Nursing Diagnosis. All
medical & nursing interventions should be found in one or more of the boxes. Evaluate Each Nursing Diagnosis on the following page.
2. Infection
Data to Support:
WBC: 16, UA reveals UTI, Stool
culture reveals CDIFF
Interventions:
Flagyl
Vancomycin
Contact isolation precautions
Monitor temp & WBC
1. Decreased cardiac output
Data to Support:
ECG: recently diagnosed A-fib, decreased
urine output, diminished lung sounds in the
bases.
Interventions:
Cardizem
2L NC
Monitor I&O, ECG for changes
5. Knowledge deficit:
Data to Support: Pt has
uncontrolled type 2 DM. Does
not know the consequences of
this which can already be seen
in her body: retinopathy, &
peripheral neuropathy.
Interventions:
Educate pt about importance of
controlled DM.
Promote CCC diet & glucose
monitoring at home. 3. Activity intolerance Data to Support:
Pt has decreased cardiac
output so she has
imbalance between
oxygen supply and
demand. SOB when
repositioning in bed.
Interventions:
Promote rest
Use oxygen
Chief Medical Diagnosis: Severe sepsis r/t
UTI (ALOC & fall), recurrent CDIFF. COPD,
Type 2 DM, ARF
Priority Assessments:
Respiratory assessment: WOB, VS, O2 Sat,
LOC, Auscultation of lungs. Pain level, Fall-
risk assessment, Monitor labs: CBC, BMP,
electrolyte balance. Monitor I&O.
Continuous ECG monitoring. CSM: check
legs, heart, and lungs.
6. Discharge
VS stable
WBC 5-10
O2 95-100
Finish antibiotic regimen
Discharge to rehab: med
reconciliation (insulin pens)
Control diabetes & f/u w./ PCP
8. Education
- Taught diabetic diet: CCC diet.
- Taught S&S of hypoglycemia
and of hyperglycemia.
- Taught purpose of WBC Body
scan test
- Denture care
- Newly diagnosed A-fib
4. Decreased Gas Exchange/Oxygenation
Data to Support: COPD (history)
Diminished Breath sounds bilat bases,
Respiration labored with activity
RR=20, fatigued, Hgb = , O2 Sats = 93%
Interventions:
Albuterol tx prn
Duoneb tx by RT
Oxygen 2L NC
Monitor O2 sats, lung sounds & RR
7. Falls
Data to Support:
Pt had fall and was brought
to ER.
Lethargic/Fatigued
Bed rest: ambulates with 1
person assist
Tubes (tripping)
Interventions:
Fall protocol (fall risk sign
up)
Ambulate to chair
TEDS/SCDS
Eliquis
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
The case map is good but be more indepth on your interventions and make sure they address your problem. Example Falls why would
TEDs?SCDs be an intervention to prevent falls. Why would you give Eliquis for falls??? Decrease CO is another one? You should have an
Ejection Fraction to support low CO also make sure you give more objective data to support your DX. Like what was the HR that
decreased the HR was it 130s cardizam IV is usually started with the HR is 150-160 But overall good job for first one
Problem Evaluation
Problem # Evaluation of Patient Response
1
Decreased Cardiac output
Pt does not display hemodynamic stability: BP is elevated s/ meds, cardiac output is decreased r/t A-fib, urinary output is <30mL/hr, and peripheral pulses are weak. Pt did not display any mental status changes, hypoxia w/ activity and is on continuous 2L NC which promotes cardiac function by increasing available oxygen that is being consumed. Pt’s lung sounds are diminished which can be correlated to ARF. Pt was educated about the importance of medication adherence and rest for this dx.
2
Infection
WBC is above NR. Temp is WNL. Mucus production is clear in color. No signs of resp infection. Pt is still on antibiotics. Urine is amber in color in the foley bag. UA reveals UTI. Pt will be sent to rehab with antibiotics and was instructed by SN to complete all of the meds even when feeling better to avoid future infections and resistance. Pt agreed to do so. Antibiotics were administered: Flagyl & Vancomycin. Pt maintained good hygiene: bed bath and oral hygiene: linen and gown change. Pt did not need to be suctioned. Pt effectively coughed and secretions were removed. Pt understood the importance of removing secretions.
3
Activity intolerance
Ambulates with assist. She ambulated 1x my shift. Pt’s breathing becomes labored when she tries to reposition in bed. Pt was instructed to let me know if she felt that she needs assistance. Pt was asked to perform ROM exercises in bed. Pt tolerated well. These ex were done with 2LNC to promote better gas exchange and decrease difficulty breathing during activity. Pt was told to increase activity gradually and that will build tolerance. Pt’s family was taught about ambulation assistance. Pt will be sent to rehab and she agreed that it was necessary.
4
Decreased gas exchange/oxygenation
RR, depth, and effort is WNL. WOB is increased with activity. Doesn’t use accessory muscles, nasal flaring, and no abn breathing patterns noted. Breath sounds diminished in lung bases bilat. LOC is A&O X4. No signs of confusion, restlessness, or agitation. O2 sat remained in high 90’s during
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
shift. No presence of cyanosis. Pt was taught pursed-lip breathing and its benefits in COPD. HOB was elevated at all times. NC 2L was given. Respiratory treatments w/ DuoNeb pending (waiting for RT).
5
Knowledge deficit
Pt has knowledge deficit about the complications of Type 2 DM. Pt recently lost her spouse and her health is deteriorating. At this time, family teaching is critical but pt’s daughter did not come during my shift but some teaching was done with the pt’s sister and niece. Pt nodded understanding upon teaching of her health conditions. Rehab can serve as a venue for her to improve her overall health.
6
Falls
Pt is A&O x4. No longer ALOC. Assisted pt w/ ambulation x1. Call light was within pt’s reach and pt was instructed to press the nurse button when she needed me. Pt was wearing non-slip socks. Some of his meds have s/e of confusion and dizziness. Pt has fall risk sign outside his room and the armband. Pt tried to climb out of bed but bed alarms were on and I helped her immediately. Bed alarm is on for pt’s safety and room is close to Nurse’s station. Bed was low at all times and bed rails were up x2. Pt was calm during my shift and asked to be ambulated out of bed.
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
Student Clinical Self-Appraisal EXAMPLE
Weekly (turn in with Care Plan/Map)
Student Ikneet Kandola Course N4810_____ Instructor Sherri Brown Instructions: Please evaluate your performance during clinical today using the following concepts: Client Advocate Professional Demeanor Flexible Critical Thinking Communication/rapport Coordinator of Care Self-Initiated Technical skills Team Player Professional Accountability Organized Educator Leadership Well-prepared Ability to Prioritize Nursing Process Comprehensive Assessment Knowledgeable
Areas of Strength Today (Date) 2/12/15 Client Advocate: Most of the staff does not gown up for pts in contact isolation for CDIFF. This is a breach of safety because it can cause the spread of disease and bacteria. I gowned up every single time even when I was told I didn’t have to. Self-initiated: I asked my nurse that I would like to get new tubing for the antibiotic I was hanging because the previous one did not have a label. I also labeled the new tubing that was changed. Communication/rapport: I build rapport with my patient to the level that we were ok joking around with each other and laughing. I love it when I can get to that level with a patient because I can do my work and have fun all at the same time. Well-prepared: I did all of my prep work a day ahead and knew what to look for when I went in that morning. Team player: I let my pt’s CNA know that I am the SN and I am here to perform any CNA duties that she needs help with or those that I can perform on my own. I also offered my services to the RN.
Areas Needing Growth-Include plan of improvement : Organized: Coming back to the floor after a whole semester, I felt that my notes were disorganized and I need to get back on my usual ways of organizing. Technical skills: I had computer training 2 semesters ago for MMC. I felt very lost with the computer system but as the day went by I figured it out. Oh and I spent 4+ hours the day before figuring out the computer system. I would definitely go through the training again next time. Professional accountability: my nurse documented that she applied the ointment for the buttocks but she never did!!! I saw this in the computer and I asked her and she said yes I applied it. When I asked my pt she said no. Clearly my pt was A&Ox4 and knew what was going on. What do I do in this case without possibly questioning the nurse’s integrity? Ethical dilemma! Ahhhh!
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
Instructor Comments: It is very difficult to play the middle and still question the nurse when you are questioning what they did. It is always just good to play dumb and say something like the patient didn’t remember having ointment put on would you like me to do it for you? Ethical dilemma will be every day you work. I am so very excited to see you get out of school and practice. MaryAnn used to tell me what a great student Nurse you were and I see that you have in incredible work ethic and a drive to understand everything you can to best meet the patients need. You are going to be excellent. The case Map was good I am just looking for more depth and next time stay away for things you used in 2910. You have a great understanding of things. Keep up the good work!!!
Student’s Name: Ikneet Kandola Pt’s Initials: DJ Date: 02/12/15
Atrial rhythm: Regular or Irregular Ventricular rhythm: Regular or Irregular
Atrial Rate____________________ Ventricular rate _______________________
PR interval ___________________ QRS interval ________________
QT interval____________________
Is AV conduction normal? (Y/N)______________ If not, why is it abnormal?
________________________________________________________________________
P wave normal? (Y/N) ________ QRS complex normal? (Y/N) ________
I was going to do this portion on Day 2 but clinical was canceled. Sorry
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
Are all of the QRS complexes the same? (Y/N) ___________________
Are there premature beats? (Y/N) __________ , Atrial or ventricular
Interpretation of rhythm:
A-Fib
Potential hemodynamic consequences of this rhythm and interventions for this rhythm:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
N4810 Clinical Paperwork Rev11/06/13
Student Name: Ikneet Kandola Date: 02/12/15 Clinical Instructor: Sherri Brown
Instructions: Attach a copy of this form to the back of each of you Clinical Plan of Care/Maps for grading purposes. Grading Rubric:
1. Patient Data includes: 20 points possible __20___ a. Health history b. All blanks and/or issues are addressed
2. Each medication includes: 20 points possible __20___ a. Name b. Rationale c. Side effects d. Nursing implications-specific to this patient
3. Lab Diagnostics 10 points possible ___8__ a. Test b. Results c. Implications & Teaching
4. Problem Identification includes 20 points possible __18___ a. Correctly lists individualized needs b. Correctly identifies problems c. Problems are prioritized and numbered, each problem in priority of importance d. Map includes at least five physiological problems, discharge planning and patient education e. Each problem includes:
i. Nursing diagnosis ii. Data to support iii. Medication iv. Nursing treatment (interventions)
5. Planned interventions includes 10 points possible ___10__ a. Interventions appropriate b. Correctly prioritizes interventions c. Assessments performed d. Communication e. Patient teaching f. Discharge planning
6. Evaluation of Interventions includes 10 points possible ___10__ a. Evaluates physical interventions b. Evaluates teaching
7. a. Priority Assessments are appropriate to diagnoses 10 points possible ___10_ b. Clinical Paperwork is complete
Total Points ______96_______/100 = ____%