Nursing Theory Presentation

Keesha Holden-White & Marie Laramee

Faye G. AbdellahBackground Born -March 1919 Nursing Diploma from Fitkin Memorial Hospital

Columbia University Bachelors Degree in Nursing 1945 Masters Degree in Physiology 1947 Doctorate in Education 1955

Accomplishments (McEwen, 2007)U.S. Public Health Service Chief Nurse Officer Deputy U.S. Surgeon General

Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences Founder and First Dean, Graduate School of Nursing

Yale University School of Nursing Nursing Instructor

Research (Lessing, 2004) Assisted in international nursing research studies during the Korean War (China, Japan, Australia, Russia) Abdellah’s research findings led to the first federally-tested coronary care unit in Connecticut Theory and research data led to the establishment of the Office of Long-Term Care

Dr. Faye Glenn Abdellah RN, Ed.D., Sc.D., FAANRADM(Ret.), USPHS

Faye G. Abdellah’s Theory Abdellah’s model describes concerns of nursing rather

than a theory describing relationships among phenomena. Her theory provides a foundation for determining and organizing nursing care (McEwen,

“Nursing is based on an art and science that mold the attitudes, intellectual competencies, and technical skills of the individual nurse into the desire and ability to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs” (Nursing Theories, 2010)

Originated from nursing practice & desire to promote patient-centered comprehensive care

Shifts focus of the profession from disease centered to patient centered

Concepts of health, nursing problems, and problem solving are interrelated

Describes nursing as a service to society

1960

(McEwen & Wills, 2007)

Patient-Centered Approaches to Nursing is……..

A Human Needs Theory Human beings have universal and

objective needs for health and autonomy and a right to their optimal satisfaction.

Focus• Nursing Education• Nursing Practice

PurposeTo guide patient care in the hospital andcommunity settings (McEwen, 2007)

“What is patient-centered care?” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4Ijr4E2870

Abdellah’s Typology of Nursing Problems(Nursing Theories, 2010)

PurposeTo provide a method to evaluate a student’s experiences and means of evaluating a nurse’s competency based on outcome measures

Three Areas1. Physical, sociological, and emotional needs of the patient2. Types of interpersonal relationships between the nurse and the patient3. The common elements of patient care

Abdellah’s Typology of Nursing Problems 1. To promote good hygiene and physical comfort2. To promote optimal activity, exercise, rest, and sleep3. To promote safety through prevention of accidents, injury, or other trauma and through the prevention of

the spread of infection4. To maintain good body mechanics and prevent and correct deformities5. To facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells6. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells7. To facilitate the maintenance of elimination8. To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance9. To recognize the physiologic responses of the body to disease conditions10. To facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms and functions11. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function12. To identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings, and reactions13. To identify and accept the interrelatedness of emotions and organic illness14. To facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal and nonverbal communication15. To promote the development of productive interpersonal relationships16. To facilitate progress toward achievement of personal spiritual goals17. To create and maintain a therapeutic environment18. To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varying physical, emotional, and developmental needs19. To accept the optimum possible goals in light of physical and emotional limitations20. To use community resources as an aid in resolving problems arising from illness21. To understand the role of social problems as influencing factors in the cause of illness

PurposeTo guide care and

promote use of nursing judgment

(McEwen & Willis, 2007)

10 Ways to Identify a Client’s Problem Learn to know the patient

Sort out relevant and significant data

Analyze and make generalizations about available data

Identify the therapeutic plan

Test generalizations with the patient and make additional generalizations

Validate the patient’s conclusion about his nursing problems

Continue to observe and evaluate the patient over time to identify any attitudes and clues affecting his behavior

Explore the patient’s and family’s reaction to the therapeutic plan and involve them in the plan

Identify how the nurse feels about the patient’s nursing problems

Discuss and develop a comprehensive nursing care plan

(McEwen & Wills, 2007)

“Nursing is the use of problem solving approach with key nursing problems related to health needs of people”

(Abdellah et al., 1960)

Classified in 4 Levels

1. Sustenal Care

2. Remedial Care

3. Restorative Care

4. Preventative Care

Sorted into 4 groups

1. Problems r/t comfort, hygiene and safety

2. Physiologic Balance

3. Psychological and Social Factors

4. Sociologic and Community Factors

Requirements of Care 21 Nursing Problems

Nursing Diagnosis(Nursing Theory, 2010)

2000Inducted into the National Women’s

Hall of Fame(www.greatwomen.org)

“We cannot wait forthe world to change..........Those of us with intelligence, purpose, and vision must take the lead and change the world. Let us move forward together!......I promise never to rest until my work has been completed!” – Faye G. Abdellah

(www.encyclopedia.com)

Applying Abdellah’s Theory to Current Nursing Practice

Marie: I find that parts of the theory fit my

physician office work well as it states that it “aims to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs” (Nursing Theories, 2010) and that is the goal of primary care in physician offices.

The 21 nursing problems are relevant to the office setting just as they are to the hospital.

Keesha In the critical care setting, my current

practice has shifted from nursing care exclusive to the disease to addressing the patient’s immediate health care needs. Abdellah’s Theory equips me with specific guidelines as to how I can better manage a variety of patient conditions in the ICU.

Abdellah’s “Ten Ways of Identifying a Client’s Problem” is utilized in the clinical setting and are necessary in initiating and implementing the nursing care plan.

Nursing programs encourage nursing students to utilize patient- centered approaches in the clinical setting

Problem solving approach is utilized by practitioners in guiding treatment plans within their practice. Especially within practices that deals with clients who have specific health care needs and specific nursing problems (Nursing Theories, 2010)