NUTRITION

WHY DO WE NEED FOOD?1. Growth & Repair2. Energy3. Health

There are 5 food groups:• Dairy• Meat, legumes and nuts• Vegetables• Fruits• Grains

*Additional: Fatty and sugary foods

The Food Pyramid

DAIRY : -Provides us with Calcium-Essential vitamins (A & B12) and Nutrients-Source of protein-Important for healthy bones etc ….

MEAT, LEGUMES & NUTS :-Provides Protein- B Vitamins- Iron, Magnesium & Zinc- Important for bones, muscles, blood etc…

VEGETABLES : -Packed with vitamins (e.g. B, C, K etc…) & minerals (e.g. Iron, sodium, calcium etc)-Source of fiber-Reduces the risk of cancerFRUIT : -Provide you with all essential nutrients-Rich in Vitamins A and C-Good source of fiber

GRAINS : -Carbohydrates- Contain lots of vitamins and minerals-Good source of fiber-Provides Energy

Deficiency DiseasesRICKETS SCUR

VYNIGHT

BLINDNESS

- Vitamin A- Cannot see at night

- Vitamin D- Soft bones

- Vitamin C- Gums & Skin bleed

BERI BERI PELLAGRA

ANAEMIA

-Vitamin B Complex- Numbness and weakness

-Vitamin B Complex- Scaly skin, headaches

- Iron- Tiredness, weakness & pale skin

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEMWhy do we need to digest food?What is digestion?- Breakdown of food compounds into simpler forms.

Monosacharide

Disacharide

Polysacharide

CARBOHYDRATES

PROTEINS

Process of Digestion

4 Stages1.Mechanical Digestion2.Chemical Digestion3.Absorption4.Defecation

1.Mouth – Mechanical and Chemical Digestion2.Oesophagus – Mechanical Digestion3.Stomach – Mechanical and chemical Digestion4. Small Intestine – Absorption5. Large Intestine – Absorption6. Rectum – Defecation7. Anus - Defecation

Liver – produces bile

Pancreas – produces enzymes and insulin

Pathway of food

The Liver•Largest internal organ in the body•Processes simple digested compounds•Stores Glucose as Glycogen•Removes poisons and dead cells•Converts harmful substances e.g. Alcohol