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OAPEN-NL Costs of monographs OAPEN-NL Final Seminar 22 October 2013 Ronald Snijder
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OAPEN-NLCosts of monographs
OAPEN-NL Final Seminar22 October 2013
Ronald Snijder
• Research setup• Results• Funding models• Conclusion
Contents
• OA costs and print costs• OA costs:– Fixed– Flexible
• Just costs, no profits• No VAT• Analysis on book level, not by publisher
Starting points
OA Costs: Print costs:Peer review (fixed) Printing, binding
Platform (fixed) Distribution
Marketing Overhead/indirect personnel costs
Editing/direct personnel costs Other/direct costs
DTP Marketing
Overhead/indirect personnel costs Royalties
Other/direct costs
Royalties
Cover
Division of costs
Highest LowestTotal costs € 20,660 € 6,082 Total OA costs € 9,490 € 3,085
OA fixed € 825 € 25 OA variable € 8,965 € 2,460
Print costs € 11,170 € 2,997
Highest and lowest
Costs: per book – print, OA
Book 17
Book 42
Book 6
Book 59
Book 19
Book 34
Book 46
Book 47
Book 18
Book 16
Book 9
Book 62
Book 33
Book 3
Book 39
Book 38
Book 63
Book 5
Book 8
Book 57
Book 7
Book 4
Book 58
Book 52
Book 12
€ 0.00
€ 5,000.00
€ 10,000.00
€ 15,000.00
€ 20,000.00
€ 25,000.00
Total costs
OA costs - fixed OA costs - variable Total print
Costs: per page – print, OA
Book 17
Book 46
Book 62
Book 51
Book 33
Book 63
Book 16
Book 45
Book 37
Book 43
Book 47
Book 58
Book 19
Book 12
Book 56
Book 52
Book 2
Book 20
Book 1
Book 24
Book 3
Book 7
Book 60
Book 26
Book 59
€ .00000
€ 10.00000
€ 20.00000
€ 30.00000
€ 40.00000
€ 50.00000
€ 60.00000
€ 70.00000
Costs per page
Page: OA - fixed Page: OA - variable Page: print
Differences explained
• Three categories with large fluctuations:– Editing/direct personnel costs– DTP– Overhead/indirect personnel costs
• 40% of costs (on average)
• Printing and binding:– 35% of costs (on average)– Constant factor
OA Costs: Print costs:Peer review (fixed) € 205.68 Printing, binding € 2,867.34
Platform (fixed) € 113.04 Distribution € 1,565.22
Marketing € 263.04 Overhead/indirect personnel costs € 591.38
Editing/direct personnel costs € 1,947.76 Other/direct costs € 375.22
DTP € 1,791.41 Marketing € 436.83
Overhead/indirect personnel costs € 1,185.41 Royalties € 359.88
Other/direct costs € 145.65
Royalties € 25.83
Cover € 292.93
Total € 5,970.75 Total € 6,195.87
The costs of monographs – a model
The costs of monographs – percentages (1/3)
OA-Peer review (fixed); 2%OA-Platform (fixed); 1%OA-Marketing; 2%OA-Editing/direct
personnel costs; 16%
OA-DTP; 15%
OA-Overhead/indirect personnel costs; 10%
OA-Other/direct costs; 1%OA-Royalties; 0%OA-Cover; 2%
Printing, bind-ing; 24%
Distribution; 13%
Overhead/indirect personnel costs; 5%
Other/direct costs; 3%Marketing; 4% Royalties; 3%
The costs of monographs – percentages (2/3)
Peer review (fixed); 2% Platform (fixed); 1% Marketing; 2%
Editing/direct personnel costs; 16%
DTP; 15%
Overhead/indirect personnel costs; 10%
Other/direct costs; 1%Royalties; 0%
Cover; 2%
OA costs:€ 5,970.7549.1%
The costs of monographs – percentages (3/3)
Printing, binding; 24%
Distribution; 13%
Overhead/indirect personnel costs; 5%
Other/direct costs; 3%Marketing; 4%
Royalties; 3%
Print costs:€ 6,195.87 50.9%
Proposed options for funders, based on costs data:
• Open Access costs– Books up to 350 pages: € 4,500– Starting from page 351: € 12.50 per page– Maximum funding: € 7,500– Publishers are expected to sell paper copies
• Non printing costs– Books up to 350 pages: € 6,250– Starting from page 351: € 20 per page– Maximum funding: € 10,000– No additional sales: OA version only
Two funding models
How would funding options fare in the pilot?
Adjusted options:• Cheaper• More flexible
Funding options and the pilot
Type Funding costs Costs < funding Published formatsOA costs – fixed funding € 300,000 € 31,032 OA version
Paper versionOA costs – adjusted funding € 253,200 € 9,955 OA version
Paper versionNon-printing costs – fixed funding € 372,576 € 29,686 OA version onlyNon-printing costs – adjusted funding € 354,172 € 24,429 OA version only
What did we achieve?• Costs model:
– Average monograph costs € 12,000– 49% is OA costs, 51% is print/distribution costs
• Insight in significant factors:– Editing/direct personnel costs; DTP; Overhead/indirect personnel costs – 40 %– Printing and binding – 35%
• Funding models:– Hybrid: selling paper copies– OA only
What’s next? • To be decided by: Authors; Publishers; Funders; Libraries; …
Conclusion
More on OAPEN:• www.oapen.org• www.oapen.nl• www.oapen-uk.jiscebooks.org• Twitter:@Oapenbooks
Directory of Open Access Books:• www.doabooks.org• Twitter: @Doabooks
Contact me:• [email protected] • Twitter: @Ronaldsnijder
Thank you!
