Date post: | 19-Jan-2015 |
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Model-driven Architecture building
for constrained Systems
Jean-Luc Voirin
THALES
From Requirements allocation to Architecture
Mastering
late discovery of design issues during IVVQ
Requirements
« Requirement to Boxallocation »
Non-functionalConstraints
Architecture building & Justification
OperationalNeed
FunctionalNeed
Reqs
Trade-off
Architecture
Early validation of the Architecture Mastering and optimisation of
product & IVVQ
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ARCADIA Method
Non-functionalConstraints
Non-functionalViewpointsTrade-off
Exte
nsi
ons
Transition to sub-system,SW,HW
Adds brand new multi-viewpoint non-functional analysis
ARCADIA
OperationalAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
LogicalArchitecture
PhysicalArchitecture
EPBS
Integrates & enriches them to a much wider scope
A model-based Architecture engineering approach
DoDAF, NAF
SysML,
UML2
AADL
thus allowing architecturecollaborative validation& interoperability through standards
Starts from standards
IEEE STD 1471
Method Steps: formalising & sharing Need & Solution
Requirements
System
Functional & NF NeedModel
Logical ArchitectureModel
Physical ArchitectureModel
Operational
AnalysisModel
Product Breakdown
User Need
System Need
Notional Solution
Final Solution
Sub-contractors input
What the users of the system need
to accomplish
What the system has to accomplish
for the Users
How the system will work so as to
fulfil expectations
How the system will be developed
& built
Engineering
documents:
SSS, IRS,
OCD, …
Engineering
documents:
SSDD, ICD,
PIDS, SRS,
…
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Summary of ARCADIA principles & capability
Safety
Cost & Schedule
Industrial Constraints
Maintainability
Product Policy
Etc…
Interfaces
Functional Analysis
Performance
Automatic Analysis
OperationalUser need
Industrial Stakes
CandidateArchitectures
Validated solution architecture
-Justified- Shared-Capitalised
Sample Example (bird eye): signal, data & info
processing
OperationalAnalysis
Data & Interface Analysis
Logical & Physical Architectures
Functional Analysis
Modelling allows checking solution against Need
Including non-functional constraints
Early Validation: How to check Solution Architecture
Perform a multi-viewpoint trade-off Analysis
Solution
ArchitectureComponents
Evaluation Rules
SharedShared
Architecture Models
Product Line
Managers
Architects
Requirement
Managers
Others…
Safety, Performance,
interface… Engineers
Logistics
Engineers
SW/HW
Designers
& Developpers
Customers
IVVQ
Manager
Architect
Specialty
engineering:safety, perf,
interface, …
Product Line
Manager etc…
Sub-
contractors
ViewPoints
FunctionsSafety
Security
Performance
Interfaces
IVVQ, Product Line, Cost…
weight
Cost…
Safety
Security
Performance
Interfaces
Product line
Integration/V/V
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Performance non-functional ViewpointNon-
functionalConstraints
Non-functionalViewpointsTrade-off
Exte
nsi
ons
Transition to sub-,SW,HW
FunctionalAnalysis
LogicalArchitecture
PhysicalArchitecture
EPBS
OperationalAnalysis
1° Automatic analysis:-CPU overloaded-Bus overloaded-Latency in excess
2° Causal analysis-Tool locates problems-Quantitative analysis
3° Architecture
improvement:-Lighter protocols-Higher bandwidth-Hardware processing
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3° Architecture
improvement:-Second redundant server
2° Causal analysis-Tool locates problems-Failure propagation algorithm
Safety non-functional ViewpointNon-
functionalConstraints
Non-functionalViewpointsTrade-off
Exte
nsi
ons
Transition to sub-,SW,HW
FunctionalAnalysis
LogicalArchitecture
PhysicalArchitecture
EPBS
OperationalAnalysis
1° Automatic analysis:-Rule: “No single source for major failure condition”-Not met for video
2° Causal analysis-Tool locates problems
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Multi-Viewpoints Trade-offNon-
functionalConstraints
Non-functionalViewpointsTrade-off
Exte
nsi
ons
Transition to sub-,SW,HW
FunctionalAnalysis
LogicalArchitecture
PhysicalArchitecture
EPBS
OperationalAnalysis
Confrontation rules for multi-viewpoints trade-off
Field of application
Initially developped to target
signal processing, data processing,
information systems
Appears to be applicable to much larger field
e.g. electrical power systems
Thermal systems
…
MDDay 2011 11
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Command & Control Model (coming soon)
Interfacing &computing units…
Data
Example: Three interleaved, multi-physics Models
Thermal ModelTurbines, Compressors, heat exchangers, valves…
Thermal Power
-Conditioning
-Pressurisation
-Equipments Cooling
Power Model
Electrical Generators, Loads, converters, bus bars…
Electrical power-Generation
-Distribution
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Power / thermal Model dedicated Viewpoints
Viewpoints
Solution
Architecture
Viewpoints
Solution
Architecture
Power & Thermal performancedepending on flight phase consumption, incl. Overloaded components detection based on power computation, linked to thermal Model
Safety / Integrityincl. Failure containment, redundancy rules & analysis, failure scenarios & propagation, monitoring efficiency, shielding…
Reliability & Availabilityincl. Reliability computing, reconfiguration issues, flight delay…
And also: Mass, Cost, Reliability…
Spatial (3D) arrangementEarly identification of spatial arrangement constraints impacting the architecture
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Conclusion: Return of Experiment
Early validation of key architectural aspectsLess rework in design & production
Efficient decision making regarding complex but necessary architectural trade-off
Improved quality of architecture
Support to negotiation and compromise between stakeholders
Ability to capitalise both product definition and know-how
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Conclusion: Return of Experiment
Support to interoperation with Customers & Suppliers
Interoperability with and beyond Standards Support
Benefits and guidelines for foreign tools integration,esp. simulation and specialty tools
Ability to adjust modelling effort:scaled/focused on major engineering issues for return on invest
Without exhaustive modelling
ARCADIA Support by Melody Advance Modeller
Melody Advance solves Weaknesses of COTS* or OSS*:
ARCADIA Method support & guidance for modelling
• Method Steps, encyclopedia, rules, diagrams…
User-oriented Semantics
• Engineer concepts rather than abstract/profiled language
Support for « modelling in the large »
• Performance on large models, ergonomy, modelling aids…
Support for Viewpoint extensions, modelling & analysis
• Model extensions, diagrams extensions, viewpointmaangement…
« semantic » Import/export capabilities (excel, SysML, AF, …)Yet ARCADIA is also deployed using other tools
• Excel/Access, Rhapsody, System Architect/DoDAF…
• with reduced capabilities, however
* COTS: Commercial Off The Shelf
* OSS: Open Source Software