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Obituary.JAMES GREY GLOVER, M.D. EDIN., L.R.C.S. Emrr.,

L.S.A. LOND., J.P.James Grey Glover was born in South Shields in 1832.

His father, Alderman Teirot Glover, was a man of great.ability and public spirit who played an important part in thelife of his native town through a long and honourable life.His mother was a lady of exceptional strength and sweetnessof character. James was one of the eight sons of these

splendid parents and his early years were spent in that bestof all schools of manners and character-a large and healthyfamily presided over by wise and godly parents. His wholecourse in life was an evidence of the strong influence ofheredity and of the power of a robust and yet gentle andunselfish environment during the plastic days of youth.He was sent to the best school in South Shields and was

then apprenticed to Dr. Williamson, a surgeon in South- Shields, who had a large practice and was a man of strongcommonsense and sagacious judgment. The association ofmaster and pupil was an altogether happy one and the closelinks of regard and affection formed in these early daysnever weakened with the flight of years and were only brokenby Dr. Williamson’s death a few years ago. Dr. Glover

.always spoke of Dr. Williamson with the highest regard, andto a younger generation the sight of the two men togethershowed how helpful the old and abandoned practice ofmedical apprenticeship was when master and pupil wereloyal and wise. At the close of his apprenticeship he wentto the University of Edinburgh, the great medical school ofwhich was then at the very zenith of its fame. There he cameunder the powerful influence of such men as Christison,Goodsir, Alison, Syme, Gregory, and Simpson. He was a

very keen student and the teaching and example ofthese men kindled his enthusiasm and stimulated all thatwas best in him. From the first he took a highplace in his classes and at the close of his course

carried off Dr. Alison’s prize in practice of medicine. He

graduated M.D. in 1854 and subsequently went to theRotunda Hospital, Dublin, to obtain a thorough training inmidwifery. Dr. Glover then went as assistant to practi-tioners in Wotton, in Leicester, and in Hounslow, and afterthis started in practice in his native South Shields. But hisambition was to go to London, and in 1858 he took a housethere and furnished it, but the sudden death of his motheron the very day that he arrived in his new home alteredall his plans and he returned to South Shields. However, in1864 his old ambition asserted itself, and he returned toLondon and started in practice in Highbury, living first at33, Compton-terrace, and later at 25, Highbury-place, a

house which had once been the home of the Rt. Hon. JosephChamberlain.

It is well to recall what Dr. Glover was when he thus

’began his real life work and to note what special gifts andendowments he possessed. He was just 32 years of age,with a strong constitution, a keen intellect, an ardent

nature, well disciplined in self-control, and intensely devotedto his profession which he regarded as a noble mission andfor which he had trained himself by years of patient studyand practical work. Added to these were a mind wellversed in the best English literature, a distinct facility inspeech and writing, a saving sense of humour, and above all-a broad outlook upon life, a strong faith in the future, and aprofound conviction that life was worth living. Fond of hisfellow men, he had a keen eye for what was good in themand was inspired with a strong desire to remedy the socialills of the community as well as its physical ailments. Andpermeating his whole nature was a strong religious beliefwhich widened his sympathies and gave him a courage andpersistency which many of his associates envied. Such aman was not likely to confine his energies within any narrowchannels or to use for self what was meant for a wider good.’Soon after he settled in London he married Miss Muller,who survives him, in whom he found a worthy help-meetand whose gracious influence made his home a peculiarlyhappy one.

His first great interest was unquestionably in his practice.He was in many ways an example of the highest type ofgeneral practitioner; well trained as a student, thoroughlygrounded in the science and art of his student days, he was

keenly appreciative of the various advances of both thescience and the art, and he was from the first an ardentdisciple of Mr. Lister. Full of resource himself he was

always ready to seek help and guidance in consultations butdid not thereby relieve himself of responsibility. He hadan admirable sense of proportion, took a wide view of a case,and was a wise adviser. In a rare degree he became thetrusted and faithful friend of all his patients who held himin the highest esteem for his sterling uprightness of character,his helpfulness and unselfishness, and his singleness ofmind in his regard for the interests of his patients. He

rapidly secured a large practice and the hard work which thisentailed was always relieved by the intense human interestand the many opportunities of doing good that it gave him.Admirable as a practitioner, Dr. Glover was eminently apublicist, taking a keen practical interest in all social and

political movements. With considerable literary facility him-self it was natural that he should seek for the expression of hisviews in the medical press. In 1862 he sent to THE LANCETan article entitled "A Physiological View of the Premier

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(Lord Palmerston), which was accepted by the editor andpublished in the issue of June 14th of that year. Itattracted unusual attention, was copied into nearly everypaper in England, and was even referred to in some versesin Punch. From this date until 1902 he was a regular andmost valuable member of our editorial staff. It may notbe out of place to reproduce here some words which appearedin our columns on the occasion of his retirement :-" Withunfeigned regret we have to announce that Dr. Glover hasintimated to us his wish to retire from active work as amember of the editorial staff of THE LANCET. His con-nexion with our staff commenced in June, 1862, under theeditorship of the late Dr. James Wakley, and has continueduninterruptedly to the present time. During this longperiod of more than 40 years we have invariably found himto be a true, trustworthy, and sagacious colleague and apersonal friend of sterling worth, As, happily, he will readthese words we must refrain from the full meed of praisethat is his due; but he knows, we think, how highly hisservices have been appreciated by us and he has been so kindas to tell us that the appreciation has not been wholly onone side....... In the name of our predecessors in theeditorial chair and for ourselves we thank him for the workwhich he has done and for the time which he has expendedin the service of THE LANCET ; perhaps we may go furtherand thank him for all that he has accomplished, or tried toaccomplish, on behalf of the profession which he loves sowell." Dr. Glover was particularly interested in all questionsof professional ethics and in those matters in which theinterests of the profession come into contact with the publiclife of the community. His judgment was sound, his

opinions were expressed in clear, bright phraseology, andwere inspired by that high ideal and generous instinctwhich characterised everything he did.

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Reference may be made to three subjects to which he gavevery special attention. He was one of the first and the mostpersistent of the advocates for the direct representation ofthe profession on the General Medical Council. Year after

year he pursued in our columns this aim. He approachedthis question from the democratic standpoint, holding thatthe government of a profession, as of the nation, must bewidely representative. With a varied experience of generalpractice in the provinces as well as in London, and at thesame time intimately associated with medical consultantsand teachers, he realised that a Council chosen from thelatter did not, and could not, appreciate the peculiar needsand claims of the former. The discussion of this questionwas carried on by Dr. Glover with great persistence butwithout bitterness, and the success which he achievedwas in no small part due to the broad, generous, and

sympathetic spirit which had animated him throughout.When Direct Representation of the profession on theCouncil was granted it was generally recognised thatDr. Glover was marked out as a most suitable Direct

Representative. He was elected by a large majorityand was re-elected time after time, and it was not untilafter 16 years’ service, when advised that it was necessaryfor him to lay aside some part of his work, that he announcedhis intention not to seek re-election. His election was by nomeans a reward for his splendid services in persistentlyadvocating in these columns the claim of the profession toDirect Representation ; it was far more than that. Dr.

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Glover was chosen because it was known that he would trulyrepresent all that is best in the general body of medicalpractitioners, that he would be entirely single in his aims,that his opinions would be arrived at only after mature andimpartial consideration, and that they would be expressedwith courtesy and dignity. It was no secret to his friendsthat the results of Direct Representation have hithertonot been equal to the high hopes which he had for yearsentertained. But it may be very confidently attirmed thatDr. Glover’s association with the General Medical Councilwas equally honourable to himself, grateful to his

colleagues, and beneficial to the profession.The movement for the establishment of the Metropolitan

Hospital Sunday Fund was a second object in whichhe took the deepest interest, and for many years inour columns and elsewhere he urged the claims of thisadmirable institution. He was a member of the council ofthis Fund from its foundation to the close of his life. Hetook a prominent part in the work of the council andexercised a considerable influence upon its actions, while

only so recently as Oct. 7th he attended a meeting of thegeneral purposes committee. He was deeply interested inour hospitals from many points of view, but not the leastfrom their being great voluntary charities, and year by yearhe did his utmost to urge the claims of Hospital Sundayupon all whom he could influence. At his instigation SirFrederick Treves gave an address at Union Chapel, Islington,on Hospital Sunday last year, and this year he inducedSir Thomas Barlow to plead for hospitals before the samecongregation. He believed that those who had spentmuch of their lives in the actual work of hospitalsshould be prepared to take their share in pleading fortheir support.The third object in which he took a peculiar interest

was the antiseptic system initiated by Lister. Fromthe first he recognised the true scientific character of Lister’swork and admired the sobriety and reserve with whichhe published his results. When too many were arrayedagainst the novel doctrines and their exponent, Dr. Gloverlost no opportunity to advocate their soundness and to try towin for them an impartial acceptance. As an evidence ofthe worth of what he did we have before us. a letter whichLord Lister wrote to Dr. Glover last year in acknowledginga letter from him on the occasion of Lord Lister’s eightiethbirthday. The letter gave unqualified pleasure to Dr. Gloverand we feel that we are breaking no confidence in quotingfrom it these words : "In the early days of antiseptic work Ihad much reason for thankfulness to you, and you havealways been a kind friend to me."When the Clinical Society of London was founded in 1867

its aim appealed in a very special way to Dr. Glover, andhe was elected to its membership in 1868, and for nearly 40years he was a most constant attendant at its meetings.He often joined in the discussions, and his remarks werecharacterised by deep clinical insight, breadth of view, anda desire to bring into clear relief the practical issues atstake. He served on the council of the society and heldoffice as a vice-president.vamvc coo co rucc-ycoma:.uu.

A man of Dr. Glover’s mould could not find his work onlyA man of Dr. Glover’s mould could not find his work onlyin the practice of his profession and in the pursuit of litera-ture. He touched life on every side, and life to him was thesupreme interest. He was bound therefore to engage in the

public affairs of the locality in which he lived and in theaffairs of the nation. He was an earnest politician andexercised considerable influence upon the political convic-tions of his friends and neighbours. In all these mattershis judgment of what. was right and wise, and notthe ties or interests of a party, determined his action.His conclusions were the outcome of careful study andbore the impress of that broad outlook and cheerfuloptimism that so eminently characterised his entire mentalattitude. For several years Dr. Glover was Justice of thePeace for the county of Middlesex and acted as visitingjustice to Holloway Prison, and as one of the licensingjustices. He devoted himself with punctuality and thegreatest carefulness to all the responsibilities of this

important office, for he regarded it far more as a responsi-bility than as an honour. Dr. Glover came of a staunchNonconformist stock and he remained loyal to these con-victions throughout his long life. He was for many years amember of the congregation worshipping at Union Chapel,- Islington, being an ardent admirer of the late Dr. Henry

Allon, and of his successor, Dr. Harwood. He was, however,singularly free from all sectarian narrowness or bitterness ;he took a special delight in the friendship of earnest men ofother religious opinions than his own, and with that widecharity which was such a prominent feature in his characterhe rejoiced in the common faith and hope which lay beneaththe distinctions of creeds and ceremonial.

In looking back upon this life, the fulness of which wehave only been able to indicate very imperfectly, it is

pleasant to remember that it was interrupted by no period ofill health, unclouded by any great family or personal sorrow,and was throughout its long and honourable course gladdenedby the respect and affection of all with whom he wasassociated. He was permitted to live beyond the usual

span, to see his children grow up and settled in life, towitness the accomplishment of most of the great purposesin which he had spent himself, and we think that he wouldhimself have chosen that life should not extend far beyondhis powers of service. Only this summer he handed over hispractice at Highbury to his son and moved away to

Hampstead, and it was while resuming for a short time th&old practice, while the son was on his honeymoon, that theshort fatal illness occurred. On Sunday, Oct. llth, he wasseized with pain in his chest; on Monday the pain recurredwith greater severity and death appeared imminent, but herallied, and on Wednesday he was so much better that hopeswere entertained of his recovery, but in the evening hepassed away with absolute suddenness, the cause of deathbeing the rupture of an aortic aneurysm into the right pleuralcavity. He was laid to rest in Hampstead Cemetery on

Saturday last and on Sunday morning a memorial servicewas held at Union Chapel, Islington, with which hehad been closely identified for so many years. Therewas a large congregation of his friends and patientsand Dr. Harwood delivered an appreciative address whichevidently struck a responsive chord in many of hisaudience.

Of such a life much might fitly be said ; we must contentourselves with pointing out the striking example whichit affords of the opportunity that a good man has for

living a full and widely influential life while engagedin the practice of medicine. The association of literaturewith medicine has very many illustrations, but manyanother field of human interest afforded scope for Dr.Glover’s energies. He was a very busy, active man,with a wonderful gift of being always occupied, and

yet never in a hurry, intensely interested in what was forthe moment engaging his attention, but never too absorbedto be sympathetic with any claim that presented itself.

Strong in his own convictions, his love of truth and of

justice enabled him to take a sympathetic interest in otherviews than his own ; nor were his optimism and his intenseconfidence in the evolution of mankind a less striking andcharming feature in his character. Able to appreciate andto rejoice in the deeds of the great men who have passedaway, he ever had his eyes turned towards the dawn. Ofhim as of another long ago it may be said :-

Ingenium cui nulla malum sententia suadetUt faceret facinlls levis aut malu’; doctu’, fidelis,Suavis homo, facundu’, suo contentu’, beatus,Scitu’, secunda loquens in tempore, commodu’, verbumPaucum, multa tenens antiqua sepulta, vetustasQuem facit et mores veteresque novosque tenentem,Multorum veterum leges divomque hominumque;Prudenter, qui dicta loquive tacereve posset.

We append below personal appreciations from three ofDr. Glover’s oldest friends and colleagues.

Sir John Tweedy writes to us as follows : The death ofDr. Glover has given a shock of pained surprise to a largenumber of persons and I willingly accede to your requestthat I should attempt the melancholy task of writing a fewwords about his work, more particularly his connexion withmedical journalism and politics. It is within a few monthsof thirty-seven years since I first became acquainted withDr. Glover. He was then in the prime of life and at thezenith of his mental powers. He had already acquired anestablished position in medical practice and was an authorityin most matters relating to medical politics and economics.His strong, earnest, and gracefully grave countenancewas a truthful index to his mental and moral character.

Always courteous but self-reliant he gained many a friendand disarmed many an opponent now by a kindly word, nowby a sly touch of humour, now by a sharp and telling thrust

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JAMES GREY GLOVER, 31.D. EDI-N., J.P

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of argument. When I first knew him he was a practisedand trusted writer. With him the style was the man. His

writings were always lucid without glare, limpid but nevershallow, sober but never dull, persuasive without softness,cogent without acerbity. Even when one differed from himin opinion it was impossible not to admire the sincerity of hisconvictions. Whatever he said and wrote was governed by a keen sense of responsibility, by a genuine desire to do andsay what was right. Unselfish to the last degree he stroveonly for -hose things which he believed would enhance thehonour and the usefulness of the medical profession andinsure the health, happiness, and prosperity of the people.Briefly, Dr. Glover’s life work was the outcome of a fine andcultivated intellect, a just, generous, and religious spirit.His memory will linger pleasantly in the hearts of all whoknew him, while his loss will be long deplored by a largecircle of patients and friends, and by none more acutelythan the small and dwindling band of brothers who, a longgeneration ago, were associated with him in the honourablelabour of medical journalism and medical politics."

Dr. W. Bruce of Dingwall writes : "The world is distinctlythe poorer. by the death of Dr. James Grey Glover of

Highbury. Of how few of us after passing the allotted spanof threescore and ten could that be said with truth. Notthat there are not plenty of younger men, including his owntalented son, to fill his place as a physician. But his was a

shining light to his contemporaries, in so far as he was aremarkable example of a man whose sense of right andwrong was so plain and evident to all. Not for a momentdid he ever waver when his conscience told him wherehis duty lay. To none are those lines of Horace more

applicable-’Si fractus illabatur orbis,Impavidum ferient ruinae.’

Dr. Glover possessed in an eminent degree the literary facultynot only of writing but in speaking his mother tongue withforce and eloquence. To the end of his days he could quotelargely and freely from the classic English authors. Tothose who were fortunate enough, like myself, to meet himwhen he could freely unbend, it was (and remains) a delightto have heard him declaim oi-e rotundo from Shakespeare,Milton, Pope, Byron, or other author some fine passagewhich his memory continued to retain as vividly as ever.

As an old colleague of Dr. Glover on the General MedicalCouncil I can truly testify, as doubtless will others of hisfellow members, to his great interest in the work of theCouncil, as also to the respect with which his weighty wordswere listened to in that assembly. He worked very hardin the attempt, which unfortunately failed, to bring clubdoctors and club managers together on equal terms, yet themeetings of the Council’s committee and the representativesof the great friendly societies parted, I am sure, with thegreatest regard for each other. If it were allowable towithdraw the veil which properly is drawn over our friend’sprivate life and his domestic surroundings, much might besaid of the complete happiness of his home and of the highChristian conduct which guided his whole conduct andbehaviour. With his sorrowing widow and family we mustall feel deep sympathy for their irreparable loss of a lovinghusband and father."

Dr. J. P. Steele writes: 11 The Edinburgh school whenGlover frequented its classes and graduated in its Senate-hallwas at its best. In physics and chemistry, the professorswere James D. Forbes and William Gregory ; in anatomy,John Goodsir who, with philosophy and imagination, liftedthe subject out of detail and made it intellectually, and evenmorally, fascinating ; in physiology, Hughes Bennett; in

surgery and obstetrics Syme and Simpson, the latter(as THE LANCET in its obituary notices of the two

expressed it) the Napoleon, the former the Wellington’of their respective fields-the one brilliant in re-

source and initiative, the other minimising the chancesof defeat; in materia medica, Christison; in pathology,Henderson; in practice of medicine, William PulteneyAlison, brother of the historian of Europe and uncle of the’hero of Tel-el-Kebir.’ It was the last-named professor whowas Glover’s favourite-not only for the breadth and depthof his teaching but for the high moral principle that, inaddress and in practice, glowed from him like a halo. Alisonfigures in Carlyle’s Heroes and Hero-Worship’ as the type ofthe philanthropic practitioner, as the Beloved Physician’not only in the gilded chambers of the rich but in the

haunts ’ where poor men lie,’ as one who more thanmerited the eulogy of the Stoic satirist-

’Incoctum generoso pectus honesto’

(a nature imbued with a high-born sense of honour). All

through life Glover was never tired of dwelling on the obliga-tions under which Alison had laid him, and, to the best of hislights and his abilities, whether as a general practitioner,or as a medical journalist, or as a Member of Council, or as acitizen, he strove to do credit to the professional Gamaliel atwhose feet he had sat. Long after Edinburgh had outlivedher halcyon days, he maintained a warm side to her school-indeed, the only occasions when his kindly good naturewould seem to have deserted him were those on which somecritic, not always ill-inspired, ventured to contrast her

present with her former self. But he would recover his

equanimity in a moment, as he reflected that if Edinburgh,like Rome-

’Non 6 pi com’ era prima,’

(is no longer what she once was) she has but herself to thank,dethroned, as she is, like Saturn, by her own progeny whohave from time to time been transferred to other schools, oldand new. "

The portrait represents Dr. Glover about 15 years ago.

JOHN TAYLOR, M.R.C.S. ENG., L.S.A.THE death occurred at his residence at Ticehurst, Sussex,

on Oct. 10th of Mr. John Taylor, at the age of 73 years.He first entered the army and served on the Army MedicalStaff during the Crimean War and afterwards was surgeonon the s. s. Calcutta, having charge of military invalids duringthe Indian Mutiny. Returning home he settled at Emsworth,Hants, and took the diplomas of M. R. C. S. Eng. (1858) andL.S.A. (1859). In the year 1864 he removed to Ticehurstwhere he soon made a name for himself not only in the imme-diate district but over a wide area of East Sussex. It wasnot long before his practice became a large one, for JohnTaylor was highly esteemed by both rich and poor, on whomhe spent equal skill and pains. In 1874 he contributed ASuccessful Case of Colotomy " to THE LANCET, followed fiveyears later, also in these columns, by an account of anoperation for recto-vaginal fistula with imperforate anusin an infant. For many years he was one of the medicalofficers of the Ticehurst Union and also surgeon to the localForesters’ Court. It was at Ticehurst that he devoted the best

years of his life until latterly his failing eyesight became sucha source of anxiety to him that he was compelled to retirefrom the profession. It was a great blow to him to give uphis work, but a greater yet was in store for him, for in 1902his eyesight completely failed. During the last years of hislife he was devotedly cared for by his wife and children.

DEATHS OF EMINENT FOREIGN MEDICAL MEN.-Thedeaths of the following eminent foreign medical men areannounced :--Dr. N. Gundobin, professor of children’sdiseases in the St. Petersburg Military Medical Academy,aged 48 years.-Dr. A. Tauber, formerly professor of opera-tive medicine in the St. Petersburg Institute of Medi-cine for Women.-Dr. Friedrich Bezold, court councillorand professor of otology in the University of Munich, at theage of 66 years.

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BIRMINGHAM.(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

The University.IT is stated that the number of students, as contrasted

with last year, has increased in every faculty and that in themedical faculty the entry is larger than in any of the pastnine years except 1906, which was a record year. Certainlyall the class-rooms and laboratories seem full of life andeveryone has settled down to the routine of the winter’swork. So far as the medical faculty is concerned there arefew changes in the staff. Dr. R. A. Lyster has resigned his

assistantship in the department of forensic medicine andtoxicology, and Mr. George Heaton has resigned his positionas assistant to the professors of surgery. Neither post hasyet been filled, though it is probable that the council willfill the surgical vacancy in a short time.

The Opening of the Birmingham Sanatorium.The sanatorium at Salterley Grange was opened last week