Climate Change Adaptation, Public Investments
and Local Resource-based Approaches
Green Jobs through Green WorksGreen Jobs through Green Works.
Objective:Introduce an approach that helps communities (and local governments) to adapt to changing local weather patterns and which generates local income and other benefits for poor people
Employment Intensive Investment Programme (EIIP)
Public sector
Private Sector
AdaptationMitigation
Green Jobs(in the context of
climate change)
EIIP
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XX
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Background
• The poor and vulnerable will suffer disproportionally from changing weather patterns
• Climate change will impact on their water supplies, flood risks, health, crop yields and livelihoods, living conditions and transport
• Efforts to mitigate the impacts of climate change should equally focus on poorer communities and help them to adapt to new living and working conditions
• Infrastructure investments and public works will play a major part in local adaptation to climate change
• Three main areas for adaptation through public investments:
- irrigation and water and soil conservation
- flood control, protection and drainage
- rural transport and roads
• A local resource-based approach is a “green approach” for sustainable infrastructure development with additional benefits (income, skills, organization capacity) for communities while adapting to changing local climates Green Jobs
Local and Participatory
Planning
AppropriateTechnology
Community and Petty
Contracting
Community Operation & Maintenance
Local ResourceLocal Resource--based Approaches:based Approaches:Optimize and Combine the Use of Local Resources in Optimize and Combine the Use of Local Resources in Public Works and Infrastructure Development, Public Works and Infrastructure Development, Operation and Maintenance.Operation and Maintenance.
Local LabourLocal Skills
Local MaterialsLocal Contractors
Local Equipment - ToolsLocal Communities
Local Government Units
EIIP Strategy
• Community contracting is a term used to describe the direct involvement of the community or petty contractors coming from the community in their own infrastructure improvement works.
• The extent of the community’s responsibilities varies depending on the situation and the contractingmodel used.
• The aim is not only to assist the community in improving their assets, but to generate local income, promote capacity building in the community and to provide experience in negotiation with government and non-government partners, and in the responsibilities of organising and contracting.
The diagram below shows areas where a local resource-based approach could be applied in local solutions to mitigate the impacts of climate change.
•• The approach adopts environmentally friendly principles and is iThe approach adopts environmentally friendly principles and is in itself a green n itself a green
approach for construction;approach for construction;
•• Can contribute significantly to more sustainable, environmentaCan contribute significantly to more sustainable, environmentall--friendly, economic friendly, economic
growth in general; growth in general;
•• Potential for green jobs in these subPotential for green jobs in these sub--sectors; and sectors; and
•• Present an important winPresent an important win--win opportunity in addressing win opportunity in addressing climate changeclimate change, , propro--poor poor
developmentdevelopment and and employment creationemployment creation in an integrated wayin an integrated way
Flood protection - Battambang, CambodiaRehabilitation of urban streets and drainage in the Chamcar Samrong Settlement Area
USD 10,228USD 10,228
1,198 person1,198 person--daysdays
8.5 USD / person day8.5 USD / person day
Irrigation and watershed development - Nepal
• Irrigation field canals
28,700 green workdays 500 workers $ 4.8 USD per workday createdUSD 135,574 (canals to irrigate 210 ha)
• riverbed and embankment works and bio-engineering components ( agro-forestry and slope/embankment grassing):
22,600 green workdays600 workers $5 USD per workday createdUSD 112,800 (improving 16 sq km watershed)
Flood control - Iloilo Philippines
Clearing a creek on the border of two municipalities to reduce flooding
USD 6,050USD 6,050
1111 person1111 person--daysdays
USD 5.5 / person dayUSD 5.5 / person day
ScalingScaling upup……....
…………multiply impact (climate change adaptation, multiply impact (climate change adaptation, poverty impact, employment impactpoverty impact, employment impact
““GreenGreen”” National Investment ProgrammesNational Investment Programmes
• Cambodia – PWP component National Social Protection…Strategy for Poor and Vulnerable…
• Philippines – Emergency Employment Programme…
• Indonesia – Fiscal Stimulus Packages, PNPM…
• India – NREGA
• Nepal, Pakistan – EGS….
• Timor Leste – Cash-for-Work
Scaling up…
Direct pro-poor benefits:
•The assets created (improved targeting, reaching the poor)
•Income is generated and employment is provided (increased use of local resources “owned” by the poor)
Indirect other benefits (with pro-poor results):
•Skills are developed
•Local communities are involved in the process of planning and delivery of the works.
•Local contractors are provided with meaningful and profitable work.
•Local governments are empowered through a process which puts decision making in their hands.
•The use of local materials reduces cost and provides further income and employment to the communities.
•Sustainable maintenance becomes a realistic objective as the local communities feel ownership of the infrastructure that is created.
Climate Change Adaptation through Local Climate Change Adaptation through Local ResourceResource--based Worksbased Works
local resource-based methods can be used in:
irrigation
soil and water conservation
forestation
flood protection
rural transport
Climate Change Adaptation Works
ConclusionsConclusions�� Climate change contributes to poverty and Climate change contributes to poverty and vulnerability;vulnerability;
�� Local communities and organizations need to be Local communities and organizations need to be empowered to adapt to climate change;empowered to adapt to climate change;
�� Infrastructure and public works need to be seen Infrastructure and public works need to be seen as part of the adaptation process (irrigation, soil as part of the adaptation process (irrigation, soil and water conservation, flood protection, and water conservation, flood protection, sustaining rural transport and forestation);sustaining rural transport and forestation);
�� Public investments in these sectors should seek Public investments in these sectors should seek to optimize the use of local resources to to optimize the use of local resources to maximize benefits to the rural poor and maximize benefits to the rural poor and vulnerable vulnerable create green jobscreate green jobs
Thank youThank you
Public sector
Private Sector
AdaptationMitigation
Green Jobs(in the
context of climate change)
EIIP
Can we qualify the EIIP jobs as “Green Jobs”?
From a technological point of view, yes perhaps, smaller environmental footprint compared to traditional big contractor and equipment-based methods
From a sector point of view, not sure. Irrigation, water and soil conservation, community forestry, yes perhaps, as this may result in a more sustainable use of natural resources but what about floodprotection and rural transport???
Question
Group work
• Select a sector (irrigation, soil and water conservation, flood protection, rural transport or forestry);
• Identify the main objective for a project in the sector (which may demonstrate the creation of green jobs amongst other outputs);
• Identify the main components of such a project;
• Explain how this project will create jobs and assess if such jobs can indeed be qualified as green jobs.