Objective Structured Practical Examination

(OSPE)

Sandeep Kaushal

Associate Professor,

Department of Pharmacology,

Dayanand Medical College & Hospital,

Ludhiana, Punjab.

Objectives

At the end of the session, the participants must be able to understand the

  Purpose

  Criteria

  Steps for preparing question check list

Content

Introduction

Components of OSPE

Formulation of OSPE

Group task

OSPE

Instrument to assess skills in laboratory

(practical) exercises.

OSPE

Adaptation of OSCE

(Objective Structured Clinical Examination)

• Experiment performed

• Controlled manner

• No interaction with examiner

Criteria

  Uniform for all candidates

Assessment of all objectives

Score importance

Formulating OSPE exercise-1

Considerations before conducting sessions Objective Language Standardization

- Steps to be evaluated (number & content) - Time required to answer

Formulating OSPE exercise-2

Assessment of

• Theoretical concept

• Psychomotor skill

• Observation

• Interpretation

Formulating OSPE exercise-3

Supplementation of question with

 Graph   Diagram

  Chart   Table

  Specimen Animal

  Normal subject   Patient

Formulating OSPE exercise-4

Predetermined checklist • Material required • Instructions to technical staff• Key containing

- model answers- marks distribution

• Steps to be evaluated

Check list

1. Steps in sequence

2. Break into small steps

3. Outcome INDEPENDENT of previous steps

4. Marks importance

5. Validation by test runs

(PG residents/Junior teachers/Self)

6. Open to suggestions

Steps: Practice Session

1. Brief the students/ evaluators.2. Distribute sheet containing OSPE to

- Students: Roll no, Time, Max. score

- Evaluators: Check list, Max. score, Roll no3. No. of evaluators per station = 2.4. No. of students per station = 1.5. Move in one direction (ring of bell)

Instructions for students

1. Display Roll no prominently.2. Number of stations = n 3. Proceed in one direction4. Time allotted = ‘t’ min (each station)5. Start & end of time (ring of bell) 6. Clear instructions given at each station7. No interaction with examiners8. No negative marking

Examples

Spotting Rabbit eye Rothera’s test Guinea pig ileum RBC count PBF examination Urine for sugar

Spotting-1

Objective :

To test theoretical concept about

1. Iatrogenic problem with use of Drug A

2. Emergency use of Drug B

3. Site of action of Drug C

4. Major contraindication to the use of Drug D

5. Transport of substance affected by Drug E

Spotting-2

Question : 1. Name one MAJOR iatrogenic problem produced by

the use of this drug [Drug A]2. Name the MOST IMPORTANT emergency use of this

specific PREPARATION [Drug B]3. Name one MAJOR enzyme inhibited by this drug

[Drug C]4. Name one MAJOR contraindication for the use of this

drug [Drug D]5. The transport of which substance is affected by this

drug [Drug E]

Spotting-3

Requirements : Question Well phrased, validated, unambiguous Clearly typed, Font 40+, Laminated/ FreshDrug A. Halothane D. Primaquin B. Diazepam E. Lansoprazole C. Acarbose Stop watchBell Numbered answer sheet

Spotting-4

Steps : 1. Instructions to laboratory staff2. Arrange questions in a sequence3. One spot per seat4. Supplement with suitable sample5. Appoint a time keeper 6. Instructions to students 7. Key for the examiner

Spotting-5

Instructions to students:1. Prominently display roll no.2. Number of stations = 5 3. Proceed in clockwise manner4. Time allotted = ‘1’ min (each station)5. Start & end of time (ring of bell) 6. Clear instructions at each station7. Write answers on the sheet provided8. No negative marking

Spotting-6

Instructions to laboratory staff/assistant:1. Check stop-watch, bell 2. Number of stations = 53. Place questions with spots as per list 4. Students to proceed clockwise 5. Time allotted = ‘1’ min exactly (each station)6. Start & end of time (ring of bell) 7. No talking/ gestures allowed

Spotting-7

Key for Examiner: Total spots = 5 Max. Marks = 5 (1 per spot) Spot Answer

1. Malignant hyperthermia2. Status epilepticus3. -glucosidase 4. G-6-P deficiency5. Protons

Spotting-8

Evaluation sheet for Examiner: Total spots = 5 Max. Marks = 5 (1 per spot) Roll No Spot Answer 1 2 3 41. Malignant hyperthermia Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N 2. Status epilepticus Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N3. -glucosidase Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N4. G-6-P deficiency Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N 5. Protons Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N

TOTAL MARKS

Spotting-9

Answer sheetRoll No:………… Max. Marks:5 (1 per spot) Time:5minSpot Answer

1

2

3

4

5

Calculation-1

Objective :

To test calculation skill of the candidate  

Question:

Calculate the amount of potassium permanganate required to prepare 50 ml of 2% potassium permanganate.

Calculation-2

Calculation:

2% means 20 mg/ ml solution

[1 % 10 mg/ ml]

Hence 50 ml of 2 % solution requires solute=

50 ml *20 mg/ ml

=1000 mg

Calculation-3

Answer:

1000 mg of potassium permanganate

Inference-1

Objective :

To test inferential skill of the candidate based on experimental data   

Inference-2

Question:

Comment on the nature of ocular preparation based on the following observational data obtained by its use in the right eye of rabbit.

Time Pupil Light reflex conjunctival corneal [Min] size [mm] blood vessel reflex

0 5 + No change + 5 6 + No change +10 7 + No change +20 9 - No change +

Inference-3

Answer:

Mydriatic with cycloplegia

[Anti-muscarinic drug]

OSPE - Advantages

1. Minimum bias 2. Uniform level of assessment3. Large number of skills can be assessed objectively4. Wider sampling-most topics can be covered4. Reliable method of testing5. Tailor made assessment of skills as per importance6. Minimum subjectivity7. Recall bias minimised

OSPE - Disadvantages

1. Standard time duration for all- can’t be /

2. Requires planning

3. Requires validation

4. Requires team work

OSPE

Examinee

Examiner

OSPE

“End result is not important

but methodology is.”

Thanks