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TAKS Science Exit Exam Review Objective Three:
The Interdependence of Organisms and The Environment
(Biology)
PlantsPlants have three organ systems• Roots: absorb water and mineral,
and anchors plants to the ground• Stem: supports leaves and branches• Xylem and Phloem run like a
plumbing system through the stem and connects roots to the leaves
• Leaves: main organs of plants that conduct photosynthesis:• intercepts sunlight, captures
carbon dioxide, and stores energy in the form of glucose
• releases oxygen into the air in a process called transpiration
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
• The chloroplast in plants use the energy in sunlight to make a sugar called glucose. Plants energy from glucose.
• Animals get energy from eating plants or eating animals that eat plants.
• The process by which cells break down glucose (a sugar) to produce energy
Six Kingdoms• Population: a group of organisms that belong to the same species• Species: a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding and
producing fertile offspring
Ecosystems• An interactive system that includes the physical environment
and the organisms that live there
Evolution• Natural Selection: Individual organisms have differences or
variations-factors such as environment, food, or space can make one variation more favorable than another. Over time, the population will have individuals with more favorable variations.
• Evolution: evolution occurs when the genetic make-up of a population changes over time due to natural selection