Objectives

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© Copyright 1992-2004 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Outline11.1 Test-Driving the Security Panel Application11.2 Introducing the switch Multiple-Selection Statement11.3 Constructing the Security Panel Application11.4 Wrap-Up

Tutorial 11 – Security Panel Application

Introducing the switch Multiple-Selection Statement, Date and DateFormat

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Objectives

• In this tutorial, you will learn to:– Use the switch multiple-selection statement.

– Use case labels.

– Display a date and time.

– Use a JPasswordField.

– Use a Date to determine the system’s current date and time.

– Use a DateFormat to format the date and time.

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11.1 Test Driving the Security Panel Application

Application Requirements A pharmaceutical company wants to install a security panel outside its laboratory facility. Only authorized personnel may enter the lab, using their security codes. The following are the valid security codes (also called access codes) and the groups of employees they represent:

Values Groups

1645 Technicians

8345 Custodians

9998, 1006–1008 Scientists

When a security code is entered, it should not be visible to anyone standing near the security panel. For each security code, access is either granted or denied. All access attempts are displayed in a screen below the keypad. If access is granted, the date, time and group (scientists, custodians, etc.) are displayed on the screen. If access is denied, the date, the time and a message, “Access Denied,” are displayed on the screen. Furthermore, an employee can enter the access code 7, 8 or 9 to summon a security guard for assistance. The date, the time and a message, “Restricted Access,” are then displayed on the screen to indicate that the request has been received.

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11.1 Test Driving the Security Panel Application (Cont.)

Figure 11.1 Security Panel application.

Keypad

Output JTextArea

JPasswordField

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Figure 11.2 Asterisks displayed in the SecurityCode: JPasswordField.

JPasswordField displays one asterisk (*) for each numeric key the user presses (so no one can see the actual security code entered)

• Enter the security code 1212• JPasswordField displays asterisks rather than the typed

characters

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Figure 11.3 Security Panel displaying the Access Denied message.

Message indicating that an invalid security code was entered

• Press # to submit your security code

• Press C to clear your security code

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Figure 11.4 Security Panel application confirming a valid security code entry.

Message displayed when a valid security code is entered

• Enter 1006 to log on with a valid security code

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11.2 Introducing the switch Multiple-Selection Statement

if ( grade == 'A' ) { displayJLabel.setText( "Excellent!" );}else if ( grade == 'B' ){ displayJLabel.setText( "Very good!" );}else if ( grade == 'C' ){ displayJLabel.setText( "Good." );}else if ( grade == 'D' ){ displayJLabel.setText( "Poor." );}else if ( grade == 'F' ){ displayJLabel.setText( "Failure." );}else{ displayJLabel.setText( "Invalid grade." );}

• Multiple selections with a nested if … else statement

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11.2 Introducing the switch Multiple-Selection Statement (Cont.)

• switch statement: multiple selection statement– Controlling expression– case labels– default case

– Only types char, byte, short, and int can be tested in a switch statement

– break statement

• Char– one of Java’s eight primitive types

– Character constant (character literal)

– Represented as a character within single quotes

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switch ( grade ){ case 'A': displayJLabel.setText( "Excellent!" ); break;

case 'B': displayJLabel.setText( "Very good!" ); break;

case 'C': displayJLabel.setText( "Good." ); break;

case 'D': displayJLabel.setText( "Poor." ); break;

case 'F': displayJLabel.setText( "Failure." ); break;

default: displayJLabel.setText( "Invalid grade." );}

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Figure 11.5 switch multiple-selection statement UML activity diagram.

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11.3 Constructing the Security Panel Application

When the user clicks a numeric JButtonGet the JButton’s digitAppend the digit to the text in the JPasswordField

When the user clicks the # JButtonGet the security code input by the user from the JPasswordFieldClear the JPasswordField

switch based on the security code variablecase where access code is 7, 8 or 9

Store text “Restricted Access” in a String variablecase where access code equals 1645

Store text “Technician” in a String variablecase where access code equals 8345

Store text “Custodian” in a String variablecase where access code equals 9998 or is in the range 1006 to 1008

Store text “Scientist” in a String variabledefault case where none of the preceding cases match

Store text “Access Denied” in a String variable

Display a message in the JTextArea with current time and the Stringvariable’s contents

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11.3 Constructing the Security Panel Application (Cont.)

Action Component/Object Event/Method Label all the application’s components

securityCodeJLabel, accessLogJLabel

Application is run

Get the JButton’s digit zeroJButton, oneJButton, twoJButton, threeJButton, fourJButton, fiveJButton, sixJButton, sevenJButton, eightJButton, nineJButton

User clicks a numeric JButton

Append the digit to the text in the JPasswordField

securityCodeJPasswordField

Clear JPasswordField securityCodeJPasswordField User clicks the C JButton

Get the security code input from the JPasswordField

securityCodeJPasswordField User clicks the # JButton

Clear the JPasswordField securityCodeJPasswordField

Determine whether security code is valid

message (String)

Display message in the JTextArea

accessLogJTextArea

Figure 11.6 ACE table for Security Panel application.

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Figure 11.7 Setting the securityCodeJPasswordField’sbounds and editable properties.

• Echo characters (masked characters)

• Set character displayed using the setEchoChar method

Set the bounds and editable properties of the

JPasswordField

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Figure 11.8 Security Panel application after customizing the JPasswordField.

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Figure 11.9 Storing the access code and clearing the Security code: JPasswordField.

Declare message

Store the access code

Clear the JPasswordField

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Figure 11.10 Adding a switch statement to the method.

Beginning of the switch statement

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Figure 11.11 Adding case labels to the switch statement.

Multiple case labels result in same message

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Figure 11.12 Finishing the switch statement.

Access code 1645 for technicians

Access code 8345 for custodians

Access codes 9998, 1006, 1007 and

1008 for scientists

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Figure 11.13 Adding a default case to the switch statement.

• switch statements can have at most one default statement

default case at the end of the switch statement

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Figure 11.14 Outputting the current date, the time and the message.

• The DateFormat object is similar to a DecimalFormat object– Allows you to output a date and time

Format for the date and time

Add the date and time to the message

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Figure 11.15 Appending a one to the end of the security code.

Add 1 to the end of the security code

• Use the + operator to append (concatenate) Strings to other Strings

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Figure 11.16 Coding event handlers for 2 JButton and 3 JButton; other JButtons would be similar.



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Figure 11.17 Clearing the Security Code: JPasswordField.

Clear the security code

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Figure 11.18 Completed Security Panel application.

2004 Prentice Hall, Inc.All rights reserved.

Outline26

SecurityPanel.java(1 of 19)

1 // Tutorial 11: SecurityPanel.java2 // Enable user to enter security codes specifying access privileges.3 import java.awt.*;4 import java.awt.event.*;5 import javax.swing.*;6 import java.text.DateFormat;7 import java.util.Date;8

9 public class SecurityPanel extends JFrame10 {11 // JLabel and JPasswordField for user to input security code12 private JLabel securityCodeJLabel;13 private JPasswordField securityCodeJPasswordField;14

15 // JButtons to represent security keypad16 private JButton oneJButton;17 private JButton twoJButton;18 private JButton threeJButton;19 private JButton fourJButton;20 private JButton fiveJButton;21 private JButton sixJButton;22 private JButton sevenJButton;23 private JButton eightJButton;24 private JButton nineJButton;25 private JButton clearJButton;


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26 private JButton zeroJButton;27 private JButton enterJButton;28

29 // JLabel, JTextArea and JScrollPane to display access log30 private JLabel accessLogJLabel;31 private JTextArea accessLogJTextArea;32 private JScrollPane accessLogJScrollPane;33

34 // no-argument constructor35 public SecurityPanel()36 {37 createUserInterface();38 }39

40 // create and position GUI components; register event handlers41 private void createUserInterface()42 {43 // get content pane for attaching GUI components44 Container contentPane = getContentPane();45 46 // enable explicit positioning of GUI components47 contentPane.setLayout( null );48


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49 // set up securityCodeJLabel50 securityCodeJLabel = new JLabel();51 securityCodeJLabel.setBounds( 16, 16, 90, 21 );52 securityCodeJLabel.setText( "Security code:" );53 contentPane.add( securityCodeJLabel );54

55 // set up securityCodeJPasswordField56 securityCodeJPasswordField = new JPasswordField();57 securityCodeJPasswordField.setBounds( 114, 16, 172, 26 );58 securityCodeJPasswordField.setEditable( false ); 59 contentPane.add( securityCodeJPasswordField );60

61 // set up oneJButton62 oneJButton = new JButton();63 oneJButton.setBounds( 80, 64, 50, 50 );64 oneJButton.setText( "1" );65 contentPane.add( oneJButton );66 oneJButton.addActionListener(67

68 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class69 {70 // event handler called when oneJButton is pressed71 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )72 {73 oneJButtonActionPerformed( event );

Set the bounds and editable properties of the JPasswordField


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74 }75

76 } // end anonymous inner class77

78 ); // end call to addActionListener79

80 // set up twoJButton81 twoJButton = new JButton();82 twoJButton.setBounds( 130, 64, 50, 50 );83 twoJButton.setText( "2" );84 contentPane.add( twoJButton );85 twoJButton.addActionListener(86

87 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class88 {89 // event handler called when twoJButton is pressed90 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )91 {92 twoJButtonActionPerformed( event );93 }94




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99 // set up threeJButton100 threeJButton = new JButton();101 threeJButton.setBounds( 180, 64, 50, 50 );102 threeJButton.setText( "3" );103 contentPane.add( threeJButton );104 threeJButton.addActionListener(105

106 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class107 {108 // event handler called when threeJButton is pressed109 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )110 {111 threeJButtonActionPerformed( event );112 }113



118 // set up fourJButton119 fourJButton = new JButton();120 fourJButton.setBounds( 80, 114, 50, 50 );121 fourJButton.setText( "4" );122 contentPane.add( fourJButton );123 fourJButton.addActionListener(


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124

125 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class126 {127 // event handler called when fourJButton is pressed128 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )129 {130 fourJButtonActionPerformed( event );131 }132



137 // set up fiveJButton138 fiveJButton = new JButton();139 fiveJButton.setBounds( 130, 114, 50, 50 );140 fiveJButton.setText( "5" );141 contentPane.add( fiveJButton );142 fiveJButton.addActionListener(143


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144 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class145 {146 // event handler called when fiveJButton is pressed147 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )148 {149 fiveJButtonActionPerformed( event );150 }151



156 // set up sixJButton157 sixJButton = new JButton();158 sixJButton.setBounds( 180, 114, 50, 50 );159 sixJButton.setText( "6" );160 contentPane.add( sixJButton );161 sixJButton.addActionListener(162

163 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class164 {165 // event handler called when sixJButton is pressed166 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )167 {168 sixJButtonActionPerformed( event );169 }


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170



175 // set up sevenJButton176 sevenJButton = new JButton();177 sevenJButton.setBounds( 80, 164, 50, 50 );178 sevenJButton.setText( "7" );179 contentPane.add( sevenJButton );180 sevenJButton.addActionListener(181

182 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class183 {184 // event handler called when sevenJButton is pressed185 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )186 {187 sevenJButtonActionPerformed( event );188 }189




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194 // set up eightJButton195 eightJButton = new JButton();196 eightJButton.setBounds( 130, 164, 50, 50 );197 eightJButton.setText( "8" );198 contentPane.add( eightJButton );199 eightJButton.addActionListener(200

201 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class202 {203 // event handler called when eightJButton is pressed204 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )205 {206 eightJButtonActionPerformed( event );207 }208



213 // set up nineJButton214 nineJButton = new JButton();215 nineJButton.setBounds( 180, 164, 50, 50 );216 nineJButton.setText( "9" );217 contentPane.add( nineJButton );218 nineJButton.addActionListener(


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219

220 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class221 {222 // event handler called when nineJButton is pressed223 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )224 {225 nineJButtonActionPerformed( event );226 }227



232 // set up clearJButton233 clearJButton = new JButton();234 clearJButton.setBounds( 80, 214, 50, 50 );234 clearJButton.setText( "C" );236 contentPane.add( clearJButton );237 clearJButton.addActionListener(238

239 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class240 {


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241 // event handler called when clearJButton is pressed242 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )243 {244 clearJButtonActionPerformed( event );245 }246



251 // set up zeroJButton252 zeroJButton = new JButton();253 zeroJButton.setBounds( 130, 214, 50, 50 );254 zeroJButton.setText( "0" );255 contentPane.add( zeroJButton );256 zeroJButton.addActionListener(257

258 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class259 {260 // event handler called when zeroJButton is pressed261 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )262 {263 zeroJButtonActionPerformed( event );264 }265


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241 // event handler called when zeroJButton is pressed242 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )243 {244 zeroJButtonActionPerformed( event );245 }246



251 // set up clearJButton252 clearJButton = new JButton();253 clearJButton.setBounds( 80, 214, 50, 50 );254 clearJButton.setText( "C" );255 contentPane.add( clearJButton );256 clearJButton.addActionListener(257

258 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class259 {260 // event handler called when clearJButton is pressed261 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )262 {263 clearJButtonActionPerformed( event );264 }265


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270 // set up enterJButton271 enterJButton = new JButton();272 enterJButton.setBounds( 180, 214, 50, 50 );273 enterJButton.setText( "#" );274 contentPane.add( enterJButton );275 enterJButton.addActionListener(276

277 new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class278 {279 // event handler called when enterJButton is pressed280 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )281 {282 enterJButtonActionPerformed( event );283 }284




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289 // set up accessLogJLabel290 accessLogJLabel = new JLabel();291 accessLogJLabel.setBounds( 16, 285, 100, 16 );292 accessLogJLabel.setText( "Access log:" );293 contentPane.add( accessLogJLabel );294

295 // set up accessLogJTextArea296 accessLogJTextArea = new JTextArea();297

298 // set up accessLogJScrollPane299 accessLogJScrollPane = new JScrollPane( accessLogJTextArea );300 accessLogJScrollPane.setBounds( 16, 309, 270, 95 );301 contentPane.add( accessLogJScrollPane );302

303 // set properties of application's window304 setTitle( "Security Panel" ); // set window's title305 setSize( 310, 450 ); // set window's size306 setVisible( true ); // display window307

308 } // end method createUserInterface309

310 // append 1 to the security code311 private void oneJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )312 {


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313 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 314 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "1" );315

316 } // end method oneJButtonActionPerformed317

318 // append 2 to the security code319 private void twoJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )320 {321 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 322 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "2" );323

324 } // end method twoJButtonActionPerformed325

326 // append 3 to the security code327 private void threeJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )328 {329 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 330 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "3" );331

332 } // end method threeJButtonActionPerformed333

334 // append 4 to the security code335 private void fourJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )336 {

Append the numeric JButton value "1" to the password stored in the JPasswordField




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340 } // end method fourJButtonActionPerformed341

342 // append 5 to the security code343 private void fiveJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )344 {345 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 346 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "5" );347

348 } // end method fiveJButtonActionPerformed349

350 // append 6 to the security code351 private void sixJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )352 {353 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 354 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "6" );355

356 } // end method sixJButtonActionPerformed357

358 // append 7 to the security code359 private void sevenJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )360 {





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364 } // end method sevenJButtonActionPerformed365

366 // append 8 to the security code367 private void eightJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )368 {369 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 370 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "8" );371

372 } // end method eightJButtonActionPerformed373

374 // append 9 to the security code375 private void nineJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )376 {377 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( String.valueOf( 378 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) + "9" );379

380 } // end method nineJButtonActionPerformed381

382 // append 0 to the security code383 private void zeroJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )384 {





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388 } // end method zeroJButtonActionPerformed389

390 // clears the securityCodeJPasswordField391 private void clearJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )392 {393 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( "" );394

395 } // end method clearJButtonActionPerformed396 397 // gets access code and determines level of clearance398 private void enterJButtonActionPerformed( ActionEvent event )399 {400 String message; // displays access status of users401

402 // stores access code entered 403 int accessCode = Integer.parseInt( String.valueOf( 404 securityCodeJPasswordField.getPassword() ) );405

406 securityCodeJPasswordField.setText( "" ); 407

408 switch ( accessCode ) // check access code input409 {



Get password property

Using a switch statement to determine user access level

String for message to display



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410 // access code is 7, 8 or 9 411 case 7: 412 case 8: 413 case 9: 414 message = "Restricted Access";415 break; // done processing case416

417 // access code equal to 1645 418 case 1645: 419 message = "Technician"; 420 break; // done processing case421

422 // access code equal to 8345 423 case 8345: 424 message = "Custodian"; 425 break; // done processing case426

427 // access code equal to 9998 or between 1006 and 1008428 case 9998: 429 case 1006: 430 case 1007: 431 case 1008: 432 message = "Scientist"; 433 break; // done processing case 434

Three case labels result in the same message

Terminate switch statement and continue execution with next statement after switch

Access code 1645 for Technicians

Access code 8345 for Custodians

Access codes 9998, 1006, 1007, and 1008 for Scientists


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435 // if no other case is true 436 default: 437 message = "Access Denied";438

439 } // end switch statement440

441 // display time and message in access log JTextArea 442 DateFormat formatter = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(); 443 accessLogJTextArea.append( formatter.format( new Date() ) + 444 " " + message + "\n" ); 445

446 } // end method enterJButtonActionPerformed447 448 // main method449 public static void main( String[] args )450 {451 SecurityPanel application = new SecurityPanel();452 application.setDefaultCloseOperation( JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE );453

454 } // end method main455

456 } // end class SecurityPanel

Default case executes if no other cases match

Right brace ends the switch statement

Append the current date and time to the message

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