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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTHTop priority of Human Resource Management………

Module : 7

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Contents

Organizational Health1

Safety Management2

Employee Grievances3

Steps in Grievance procedure4

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Occupational health should aim at

“the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;

the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions;

the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health;

the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job.”

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"The main focus in occupational health is on three different objectives:

(i) the maintenance and promotion of workers’ health and working capacity;

(ii) the improvement of working environment and work to become conducive to safety and health and

(iii) development of work organizations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work and in doing so also promotes a positive social climate and smooth operation and may enhance productivity of the undertakings.

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Industrial Health

Industrial health is essential to

1. Promote and maintain the highest degree of physical, social, mental well being of workers

Improve productivity & quality of work

Reduce accidents, injuries, absenteeism and labour turnover

Protect workers against any health hazard arising out of work

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Workplace hazards

Physical &Mechanical

Biological

chemicalPsychological & social issues

• Employment of children• Falls• An engineering workshop• Machines• Confined spaces• Noise• Temperature extremes• Electricity

• Bacteria• Virus• Fungi • Mold• Blood-borne• Tuberculosis

• Acids• Bases• Heavy metals • Lead• Solvents • Petroleum

• Work-related stress overwork• Violence • Bullying, • Sexual harassment• Mobbing• Burnout

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LEGAL PROVISIONS REGARDING HEALTHFactories Act, 1948 lays emphasis on 1. Cleanliness2. Wastes3. Ventilation and temperature4. Dust & fumes5. Artificial humidification6. Over crowding7. Lighting8. Drinking water9. Latrine & Urinals10.Spittoons

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Employee Safety

The main purpose of effective safety programs is to prevent work related injuries and accident.

1. Slipping, tripping or falling on the floor hazard

2. Equipment hazard3. Hazards from falling objects4. Fire Hazards

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Effective Safety Management

1. Safety policy2. Top Management support3. Safety committee4. Safety discipline motivation5. Safety engineering6. Safety training and communication7. Accident investigation & Research8. Evaluation of safety effort9. Government support

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Legal provision regarding safety

1. Fencing of machinery2. Employment of young persons3. Employment of women, children near cotton

openers4. Hoists & Lifts5. Revolving Machinery6. Pressure plant7. Floors, stairs and means of access8. Excessive weights9. Precaution with regard to portable lights10. Excessive Weights11. Dangerous fumes & gases12. Precautions in case of fire13. Explosive or inflammable gas or dust14. Protection of Eyes Etc….

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Occupational safety and health Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH)

DOSH protects workers from safety hazards through its Cal/OSHA program and provides consultative assistance to employers.

In addition to ensuring safe and healthful working conditions, the Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) has two major units devoted to conducting inspections to protect the public from safety hazards:

The Elevator and Ride and Tramway Units conducts public safety inspections of elevators, amusement rides -- both portable and permanent -- and aerial passenger tramways, or ski lifts. The Pressure Vessel Unit conducts public safety inspections of boilers, air and liquid storage tanks, and other types of pressure vessels.

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On April 28 The ILOcelebrates "World Day for Safety and Health"[

“Healthy Cities”

Since 2003

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Employee Grievances

1.A grievance refers to any form of discontent or dissatisfaction with any aspect of the organization.

2. Dissatisfaction should arise out of employment and not due to personal or family problems.

3. The discontent may arise out of factual or imaginary reasons.

4. The discontent may be voiced or non voiced.5. Broadly speaking, grievance is traceable to

perceived non fulfillment of ones expectations from the organization

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Effects On production1. Low productivity2. Low quality and quantity of production3. Increase in wastage of materials4. Increase in cost of production per unit On employee5. Increased rate of absenteeism6. Reduces the level of commitment7. Increases accidents8. Reduce level of employee morale On Manager9. Strain in superior- subordinate relation10. Increase in the degree of supervision11. Increase in indiscipline cases12. Increase in unrest

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Steps in Grievance procedure

Identify grievanceDefine correctlyCollect dataAnalyze and solvePrompt redressalImplement & follow up

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Advantages of Grievance Handling Procedure

The management can know the employees feeling and opinions about the company’s policies and practices.

Employee get a chance to ventilate his feelings, through official channel.

Keep a check on supervisors attitude and Behavior

The morale will be high with an existence of a good grievance cell.

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Discipline- three interpretations

Discipline is intercepted as a sort of check or restraint in the freedom of a person. Discipline is used to refer to the act of imposing penalties for wrong behavior.

Negative disciplinePositive disciplineSelf discipline & Control

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Disciplinary Action

Issuing a letter of chargeConsideration of explanationsShow cause noticeHolding a full fledged enquiryMaking final order of punishmentFollow upOr Punishment or Suspension/ Dismissal or Discharge

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Essentials of Good Disciplinary system

To avoid conflict and law suits managers must administer discipline properly.

Effective discipline should be aimed at behavior and not on the personality traits.

Effective disciplinary procedures of an organization may be listed as

1. Rules and performance criteria

2. Documentation of facts

3. Consistent response to rule violation

4. Training of supervisors

5. Prompt action

6. Impersonal discipline

7. Reasonable penalty

8. Follow up

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Labour Legislations offering social security The Workmen’s compensation Act, 1923- impose an

obligation on the employer to pay compensation to the workman who suffers partial or total incapacity for more than 3 days leading to loss in the earning capacity

The Employee’s State Insurance Act, 1948- Offer social insurance to workers in respect of three contingencies- sickness, employment injury, and child birth.

The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961- applicable to establishments not covered under ESI Act, 1948.

The Employers Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Act, 1952- Benefit to workers in the form of pension, provident fund and deposit linked insurance.

Group Insurance

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