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Ocean&Currents& - Weebly · Ocean&Currents& Purpose:& To&iden3fy,&describe&and&listfactors&...

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Ocean Currents Purpose: To iden3fy, describe and list factors that control ocean currents To explain how ocean currents affect climate in San Diego and the world
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Page 1: Ocean&Currents& - Weebly · Ocean&Currents& Purpose:& To&iden3fy,&describe&and&listfactors& thatcontrol&ocean&currents& To&explain&how&ocean&currents&affect climate&in&San&Diego&and&the&world&

Ocean  Currents  Purpose:    

To  iden3fy,  describe  and  list  factors  that  control  ocean  currents  

To  explain  how  ocean  currents  affect  climate  in  San  Diego  and  the  world  

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Warm-­‐up  

© Imagine  you  are  stranded  on  a  desert  island  in  the  North  Pacific  Ocean.  You  stuff  a  distress  “help”  message  in  a  boHle  and  throw  it  in  the  ocean,  hoping  someone  in  San  Diego  will  get  it.  

© Is  it  possible  someone  in  San  Diego  will  find  your  message  and  send  help?  Explain  your  answer.    

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Thor  Heyerdahl  and  crew  of  5  

© Sailed  across  the  South  Pacific  from  South  America  in  a  handcraNed  raN  called  the  Kon-­‐Tiki  in  1947  and  landed  in  Polynesia  

©   Demonstrated  it  is  possible  to  travel  across  the  ocean  using  ocean  currents  and  wind  

© Believed  people  from  Peru  raNed  3000  miles    across  the  Pacific  Ocean  and  seHled  the  islands  of  Polynesia  

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Surface  Currents      

© Are  stream  like  movements  of  water  at  the  ocean’s  surface.  They  are  caused  by  the  prevailing  winds  

© Circulate  thousands  of    miles  across  en3re  oceans    

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Surface  Currents  are  influenced  by:  

© Global  winds  © The  Coriolis  Effect  © Con3nental  deflec3ons  

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Surface  winds  (purple  arrows)  create  surface  currents  (red)  

© The  Trade  Winds  move  currents  east  to  west  along  the  Equator  

© The  Westerlies  move  currents  west  to  east  in  mid-­‐la3tudes    

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Ocean  currents  distribute  heat  throughout  the  depths  of  the  

ocean  

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The  Coriolis  Effect  

© Winds,  ocean  currents  and  moving  objects  appear  to  move  in  curved  paths  as  the  Earth  rotates  beneath    

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Coriolis  Effect  Demonstra3on:  Northern  Hemisphere  

© Draw  2  circles  © Rotate  the  paper  

counterclockwise  © Predic3on:  © Draw  a    straight  line  

from  a  to  b.  Describe  the  result  

© Draw  a    straight  line  from  c  to  d.  Describe  the  result  

a

b

cd

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Con3nents  cause  surface  currents  to  change  direc3ons  

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Surface  currents  affect  climates  of  the  world  

© The  Gulf  Stream  brings  warm  water  from  the  Equator  to  northern  Europe    

© Warmer  climates  result  in  la3tudes  that  are  similar  to  Canada  

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© Cold  water  from  the  north  is  carried  southward  by  the  California  Current  

© The  cold  water  current  keeps  the  climate  comfortable  along  the  West  Coast  all  year  

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El  Nino:  

©  is  the  change  in  the  loca3on  of  warm  and  cold  surface  water  every  2-­‐7  years  

©   results  in  worldwide  weather  changes  © causes  heavy  rains  and  mudslides  in  California  and  

droughts  in  other  regions  

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Normal  weather  paHerns  occur  when  warmer  water  is  found  in  the  western  pacific  near  Asia  

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During  El  Nino,  purple  shows  warmer  water  located  near  

America  in  the  eastern  pacific.    

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Weather  paHerns  across  the  USA  and  the  world  are  changed  

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During  El  Nino  years,  the  Trade  Winds  weaken  and  do  not  

move  warm  water  across  the  Pacific  

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Storms  develop  in  the  middle  of  the  Pacific  bringing  heavy  winter  rain  to  San  Diego    

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During  El  Nino,  normally  wet  regions  experience  drought  

and  wildfires  

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Other  areas,  like  S.  California  experience  intense  wave  damage  from  storms    

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Roads  are  destroyed  and  cliffs  are  eroded  by  waves  and  

flooding  

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Homes  are  flooded.  Diseases  spread  by  contaminated  water.  

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Accidents  and  injuries  are  greater  with  stormy  weather  

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Dry  riverbeds  in  Arizona  flood,  damaging  homes  in  Arizona  

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Saturated  hills  slide,  crea3ng  hazardous  driving  condi3ons  

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Mudslides  in  on  steep  slopes  destroy  homes.  

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Strong  winds  of  El  Nino  knock  down  trees  

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Ocean  pier  in  S.  California  

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Buoys  from  San  Diego’s  Scripp’s  Ins3tute  are  sta3oned  in  the  Pacific  Ocean  to  monitor  water  temperature  

and  El  Nino  events  

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El  Nino  will  be  back  


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