Oceanographic conditions during the densest water formation in 2012
10/02/2012: satellite image Envisat ‐ ESA
Northern Adriatic Response to a Wintertime Bora Wind Event. C.M. Lee et al., 2005. Eos, Vol. 86, No. 16, 19 April 2005
Vlado Malačič, Branko CermeljMBSS-NIB (SLO)Massimo Celio, Dario Giaiotti ARPA-FVG (IT)Cinzia Comici OGS-BIO (IT)Fabio Raicich & Carolina CantoniISMAR (IT)
4/20/2012 1Effetti della bora, Trieste
SAR pictures – ISAC from: Envisat – ESA10-11 February 2012
4/20/2012 2Effetti della bora, Trieste
SAR pictures – ISAC from: Envisat – ESA13-14 February 2012
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Section. 1
Section 2
Distribution of CTD stations of: ARPA-FVG, OGS-BIO and MBS-NIBbetween 14-16 Feb. 2012
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Section 1
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Section 2
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Horizontal distribution of T, S, σθ at 12 m
14-16 February 2012
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Time series of measurements registered by buoy Vida
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Section 1
A month later…. Distribution of stations
14-15 March 2012
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Section 1
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Horizontal distribution of T, S, σθ at 12 m14-15 March 2012
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Density at the sea-floor
Branko Čermelj
14-16 Feb. 2012
14-15 March 2012
4/20/2012 Effetti della bora, Trieste
A. Vatova, March 1929: In front of the Bay of Koper at h = 22 m: σθ = 30.33 kg/m3
T = 3.95 0C, S = 38.15
NAW: σθ = 29.52 kg/m3
12
Istituto di Scienze Marine – U.O.S Trieste C. N. R.Istituto di Scienze Marine – U.O.S Trieste C. N. R.
Fabio Raicich & Carolina Cantoni
13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8long. E
45.5
45.6
45.7
45.8
lat.
N
Trieste
Monfalcone
KoperPiran
Rizana River
Isonzo
River
Timavo River
ISMAR – TS Marine stations
PALOMABAN
Time series of measurements registered by Paloma & MFB
Molo Fratelli Bandiera Station
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Air TemperatureWind Speed and directionSW Temperature at:0.4 – 2 – 6 m = Bottom
PALOMA dynamic pylon (meda elastica)
OSMER meteorological st.Wind speed and directionSolar radiation, precipitations, Air T
ISMAR marine st.Air temperature, SW Temperature at: 2 – 15 – 24 m Bottom 25 m
T 2.0 m
Meteorological station
T 24.0 m
T 15.0 mMolo Fratelli Bandiera St.
PALOMA St.
Istituto di Scienze Marine – U.O.S Trieste C. N. R.Istituto di Scienze Marine – U.O.S Trieste C. N. R.
Fabio Raicich & Carolina Cantoni
27
26/1 31/1 5/2 10/2 15/2 20/2 25/2
SW TMolo F.lli
Bandiera st.
SW TPALOMA st.
Wind speed Molo F.lli
Bandiera st. (BAN)
ISMAR main Building (IST)
Average T decrease of5.8°C at BAN and of 5.6°C at PALOMA
Wind speed decrease
5.8°C5.8°C
5.6°C5.6°C
On 12/2/2012Temperatures lower than 4.5 °C were measured on the whole water column at PALOMA st.
thermal stratification at PALOMA st.T bottom < T surfAverage difference 1.4 °C
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Fabio Raicich
Carolina Cantoni
10/2 12/2 14/2 16/2 18/2 20/2 22/2 24/2
Time since 10th Feb. 2012
Period (days)
Spectra of temperature
15Effetti della bora, Trieste4/20/2012
Paloma: Peculiar T at 15 m:
Inertial osc. ≈ 17 h
Heat budgetAir Temperature Wind speed Dew point temperature
°C m/s °C-4 15 -13
Sea Temperature°C5
Sensible heat flux. Daily flux of heat out of
the sea due to conduction from 1m2 of
sea surface
Daily kilograms of water evaporated from
1m2 of sea surface.
Latent heat flux. Daily flux of heat carried by
evaporation from 1m2 of sea suface
KJ Kg KJ21928 4.8 12071
Total heat flux. Daily flux of heat out of
the sea from 1m2 of sea surface
KJ33999
M. Celio4/20/2012 16Effetti della bora, Trieste
What we need?A lot of good will…
First phase (until the end of June-July 2012)Satellite images (data!)
SST – to see (confirm) the ‘topography control ‘ during the bora wind (topo control of T and v)
Radarsat/Seascat of the wind fieldWho will pay? Any institution that supports getting images for
research? We will acknowledge them…
Second phase (from the end of June-July to December 2012)Numerical modeling to capture the dynamics
Atmospheric models:ARPA (WRF ∆x = 2 km) ARSO (Aladin/SI ∆x = 4 km with data assimilation)
Coastal water modelsOGS non-hydrostatic model of the formation of the dense
bottom water via gravity (slope) currentsNIB-ARSO: wind-driven circulation during the strong bora
So far there has been a lot of good will and trust…Thanks!4/20/2012 17Effetti della bora, Trieste