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ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS ADM Product Brochure 201 2Final Low... · OdOntOpASTE is...

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ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS
Transcript

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS

2

Description OP8G OdOntOPasTe 8g tube

Contains clindamycin hydrochloride 5% triamcinolone acetonide 1%

Indications for Use

Contraindications/Precautions

Method of Use

OdOntOpASTE is a patented, non-staining, zinc oxide-based endodontic dressing. OdOntOpASTE prevents bacterial repopulation within the root canal following standard procedures for root canal preparation.

OdOntOpASTE is ideal for patients who present in pain and, in particular, for patients with “hot pulps.” OdOntOpASTE is also the treatment of choice for avulsed teeth due to its excellent anti-inflammatory properties. OdOntOpASTE and OdOntOCIDE can be interchanged in teeth should one dressing be unsuccessful in controlling infection or pain. this may be useful in cases of re-treatment where teeth are not responding to one or the other medicament.

OdOntOpASTE is not suitable for use on pregnant women as triamcinolone acetonide has been shown to be teratogenic on test animals. OdOntOpASTE should not be used on patients with allergy to lincomycin or clindamycin. OdOntOpASTE should be used with caution on patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease.OdOntOpASTE should be used with caution on nursing mothers as clindamycin has been shown to be present in breast milk.

OdOntOpASTE can be applied in two ways. the first is to dispense a small amount of OdOntOpASTE onto a mixing pad. the paste is then picked up with a lentulo spiral and spun down into the root canal. the second is to dispense OdOntOpASTE directly into an OdOntOTIp capsule and apply into the root canal utilising a standard compule gun. OdOntOpASTE cannot be mixed with additional calcium hydroxide as the steroid and antibiotic will be degraded. OdOntOpASTE should not be used for longer than 30 days. OdOntOpASTE should not be used on patients taking concurrent doses of erythromycin as antagonism has been demonstrated between the two drugs in vitro.

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG

ODONTOpASTE®

zinc oxide-based endodontic dressing

3 AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG eNDODONTIC PRODUCTs

THE QUIET, WHITE

REVOLUTION IN DENTISTRY

dr. Viktoria Adamidou was awarded the Jens Andreason Award at the International Association of Paediatric dentists (IAPd) Congress in Athens in 2011. the award is presented for the best poster presentation on dental traumatology in children and is open to all members registered to the IAPd Congress.

the winning presentation, “In-vitro investigation of tooth discolouration with different intracanal materials used in dento-alveolar trauma”, was selected out of 34 entries. Viktoria graduated from her MdentSci studies in Paediatric dentistry 2010.

Conclusions: Odontopaste does not cause tooth discolouration.

GROUP 1 - LEdERMIX®

BASELInE

BASELInE

WEEK 24

WEEK 24

GROUP 2 - OdOntOPAStE®

1 Adamidou V (2010) In vitro investigation of teeth discolouration with different endodontic medicaments. MdEntSCI thesis. Leeds, UK: University of Leeds.

associate Prof. Jens andreasen congratulating Dr. Viktoria adamidou on her award

A sample of the test results from dr. Viktoria Adamidou’s research. AdM produced some of the materials for testing on request from Leeds University and had no other involvement with the research.

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

ODONTOPASTE Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide

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ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

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Stability of Ibuprofen 7.7% with Calcium Hydroxide 20%

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

ODONTOPASTE Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide

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ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

(19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

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Stability of Triamcinolone Acetonidewith Calcium Hydroxide 20%

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

ODONTOPASTE Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide

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ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

ODONTOPASTE Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide

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ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

(19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

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ODONTOPASTE® Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide (98.2%) – Clindamycin Hydrochloride

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Stability of Ibuprofen 7.7% with Calcium Hydroxide 20%

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time Points Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 6 hours 24 hours 72 hours

triamcinolone Acetonide (%) 1.14% 0.57% 0.44% 0.31% 0.2% 0.35% 0.006%

% Loss (dilution is taken as initial %)

0% 20% 44% 64% 36% 89%

time Points Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 6 hours 24 hours 72 hours

triamcinolone Acetonide (%) 1.2% 0.6% 0.09% 0.07% 0.03% 0.01% 0.03%

% Loss (dilution is taken as initial %)

0% 84% 87% 94% 98% 94%

time Points Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 6 hours 24 hours 72 hours

triamcinolone Acetonide (%) 1% 0.5% 0.097% 0.079% 0.063% 0.084% 0.02%

% Loss (dilution is taken as initial %)

0% 81% 84% 87% 83% 96%

time Points Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 6 hours 24 hours 72 hours 168 hours

triamcinolone Acetonide (%) 1% 0.5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

% Loss (dilution is taken as initial %)

0% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

(19.2% Calcium Hydroxide Paste)

ODONTOpASTE® paste mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

(19.2% Calcium Hydroxide Paste)

Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOpASTE® mixed 50:50 with98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG4

1 Hansen JB, Studies on the stability of corticosteroids. the degradation pattern of the hydrocortisone in aqueous solution. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 1980 June: 307 – 319. 2 Stickler d, Hewett P, Activity of antiseptics against biofilms of mixed bacterial species growing on silicone surfaces. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious diseases. 1991 May. 10 (5): 416 – 421.3 the testing of calcium hydroxide with OdOntOpASTE and Ledermix® paste was performed by independent laboratories with no involvement from AdM other than the provision of materials. the independent laboratory operates under GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) and is tGA licensed and approved. the methods utilised for the testing were validated according to AOAC guidelines for both OdOntOpASTE and Ledermix® paste. Pulpent® contained 19.2% calcium hydroxide.

• dilution point refers to the theoretical percentage of the triamcinolone acetonide following the 50:50 dilution. no analysis was performed at this point.• Manufacturer’s specification for Pulpdent® is 40% calcium hydroxide. the Pulpdent® batch used in testing had 19.2% calcium hydroxide.• the theoretical concentration of calcium hydroxide at dilution point was 9.6% for the Pulpdent® samples and 49.1% for calcium hydroxide powder.• Ledermix® is a registered trademark of Wyeth Holdings Corporation.

tHE EFFECt On tHE COnCEntRAtIOn OF tHE AntIBIOtICS And StEROId WHEn MIXInG CALCIUM HYdROXIdE WItH ODONTOpASTE® OR LEdERMIX® PAStE >>

% D

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Effect on the antibiotic levels following the addition of Calcium Hydroxide powder to Ledermix®

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% of Demeclocycline

Compound Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 6 hours 24 hours 3 days 7 days

Clindamycin % 5.60% 2.80% 2.73% 2.42% 2.31% 2.69% 1.95% 1.80%

% Loss of Clindamycin

0% 3% 14% 18% 4% 30% 36%

Compound Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 6 hours 24 hours 3 days 7 days

Clindamycin % 5.60% 2.80% 2.83% 2.85% 2.89% 2.87% 2.82% 2.75%

% Loss of Clindamycin

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2%

Compound Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 18 hours 24 hours 3 days 7 days

demeclocycline % 3.0% 1.50% 1.35% 1.53% 0.76% 0.57% 1.27% 0.30%

% Loss of demeclocycline

0% 10% 0% 49% 62% 15% 80%

Compound Premix dilution 0 hours 1 hour 18 hours 24 hours 3 days 7 days

demeclocycline % 3.0% 1.50% 1.50% 1.35% 1.53% 1.52% 1.67% 1.21%

% Loss of demeclocycline

0% 0% 10% 0% 0% 0% 19%

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Effect on the antibiotic levels following the addition of Pulpdent® to ODONTOpASTE®

Effect on the antibiotic levels following the addition of Calcium Hydroxide powder to ODONTOpASTE®

Effect on the antibiotic levels following the addition of Calcium Hydroxide powder to Ledermix®

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 5

addition of 50% Pulpdent (40% Calcium Hydroxide in a aqueous base) addition of 50% Pulpdent (40% Calcium Hydroxide in a aqueous base)

addition of 50% Calcium Hydroxide Powder addition of 50% Calcium Hydroxide Powder

tHE IntER-MIXInG OF MEdICAMEntS >>For over twenty years, there was no published research on the effect on the antibiotic and steroid when mixing calcium hydroxide with antibiotic/steroid pastes. Yet, this practice was widespread in Australia. It was incorrectly assumed that the therapeutic effects of each paste would be additive. Only recently, we published original research in the International Endodontic Journal which showed that by adding calcium hydroxide to either OdOntOpASTE or Ledermix Paste, the steroid and antibiotic components are destroyed. AdM does not recommend the mixing of Odontopaste with additional calcium hydroxide. Odontopaste already contains 0.5% calcium hydroxide which we found to be the optimal amount in terms of maintaining the stability of the pharmaceutical components.

COMMOnALItY OF InGREdIEntS >>An AdM innovation, OdOntOCIDE, OdOntOpASTE and OdOntOpREp all contain the same base-paste formulation. this means that there are no possible unknown interactions between any trace amounts of the paste left behind during the endodontic procedure. the same base-paste formulation also means that there is a finite set of ingredients which are introduced within the canal, allowing for better control of the chemical aspect of endodontic treatment.

ODONTOCIDE®

calcium hydroxide-based endodontic dressing

AUSTRALIAN FORMULATION

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG6

OC8G OdOntOCIDe 8g tube

Contains calcium hydroxide 20% Ibuprofen 7%

OdOntOCIDE is a patented, non-staining, calcium hydroxide-based endodontic dressing incorporating the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, ibuprofen. the calcium hydroxide within OdOntOCIDE prevents bacterial repopulation of the root canal following standard procedures for root canal preparation whilst the ibuprofen assists in pain relief. In addition, OdOntOCIDE is very effective against bacteria in biofilm.

OdOntOCIDE is the medicament of choice for routine use in endodontics where the patient is not in excessive pain. OdOntOCIDE and OdOntOpASTE can be interchanged in teeth should one dressing be unsuccessful in controlling infection or pain. this may be useful in cases of re-treatment where teeth are not responding to one or the other medicament.

OdOntOCIDE is nOt the medicament of choice for avulsed or traumatised teeth as the calcium hydroxide exhibits non-specific cytotoxicity which may further compromise host cells in the periodontal ligament. OdOntOCIDE is not suitable for use on pregnant women due to possible teratogenic effects.OdOntOCIDE should not be used on patients with allergy to ibuprofen. OdOntOCIDE may interfere with long-term aspirin medication. OdOntOCIDE should be avoided in patients on long-term aspirin medication.

OdOntOCIDE can be applied in two ways. the first is to dispense a small amount of OdOntOCIDE onto a mixing pad. the paste is then picked up with a lentulo spiral and spun down into the root canal. the second

is to dispense OdOntOCIDE directly into an OdOntOTIp capsule and apply into the root canal utilising a standard compule gun. OdOntOCIDE should not be mixed with any steroid/antibiotic medicament such as OdOntOpASTE as this will degrade the antibiotic and steroid. OdOntOCIDE should not be used for longer than 30 days.

Description

Indications for Use

Contraindication/Precautions

Method of Use

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

ODONTOPASTE Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide

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ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

(19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

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ODONTOPASTE® Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide (98.2%) – Clindamycin Hydrochloride

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Stability of Ibuprofen 7.7% with Calcium Hydroxide 20%

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Stability of Triamcinolone Acetonidewith Calcium Hydroxide 20%

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Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

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(%)

Tria

mci

nolo

ne A

ceto

nide

(%)

Tria

mci

nolo

ne A

ceto

nide

(%)

Tria

mci

nolo

ne A

ceto

nide

(%)

Time Points

Time Points

Time Points

Time Points

Time Points

Time Points

Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

ODONTOPASTE Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Clindamycin Hydrochloride (%)

Triamcinolone Acetonide (%)

7 days3 days24 hrs6 hrs1 hr0 hrs

%

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with 98.2% Calcium Hydroxide powder

ODONTOPASTE® mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent®

(19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

7 days3 days24 hrs6 hrs1 hr0 hrsDilutionPremix

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

3 days24 hrs6 hrs1 hr0 hrsDilutionPremix

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 days3 days24 hrs6 hrs1 hr0 hrsDilutionPremix

Clin

dam

ycin

Hyd

roch

lori

de (%

)

2

3

4

5

6

7 days3 days24 hrs6 hrs1 hr0 hrsDilutionPremix

ODONTOPASTE® Mixed 50:50 with Calcium Hydroxide (98.2%) – Clindamycin Hydrochloride

Ibup

rofe

n (%

)

Time Points

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

90 days60 days30 days1 day0 days

Stability of Ibuprofen 7.7% with Calcium Hydroxide 20%

Tria

mci

nolo

ne A

ceto

nide

(%)

Time Points

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

7 days3 days1 day0 days

Stability of Triamcinolone Acetonidewith Calcium Hydroxide 20%

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

7 days3 days24 hrs6 hrs1 hr0 hrsDilutionPremix

Ledermix® paste mixed 50:50 with Pulpdent® (19.2% Calcium Hydroxide paste)

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

7 days3 days6 hrs1 hr0 hrsDilutionPremix 24 hrs

time Points 0 days 1 day 30 days 60 days 90 days

Ibuprofen 7.7% 7.7% 7.7% 7.7% 7.7%

% Loss 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

time Points 0 days 1 day 3 days 7 days

triamcinolone Acetonide 0.5% 0.35% 0.006% 0%

¡% Loss 0.00% 30.00% 98.80% 100.00%

Stability of Triamcinolone Acetonidewith Calcium Hydroxide 20%

Stability of Ibuprofen 7.7% with Calcium Hydroxide 20%

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 7

tHE StABILItY OF IBUPROFEn (nSAId) And tRIAMCInOLOnE ACEtOnIdE (CORtICOStEROId) In CALCIUM HYdROXIdE PAStES >>

the testing was performed by independent laboratories with no involvement from AdM other than the provision of materials. the independent laboratory operates under GLP (good laboratory practice) and is tGA licensed and approved.

Calcium hydroxide, in its natural state, is not radio-opaque. In order to make a calcium hydroxide-based paste radio-opaque and hence easily seen on a radiograph, most manufacturers add a radio-opaquing agent. Consideration needs to be given to reasons behind the addition of radio-opaquing agents. It is uncommon to radiograph a tooth following the application of a root canal medicament whether it is calcium hydroxide- based or antibiotic/steroid-based. So the requirement for the addition of a radio-opaquing agent needs to be carefully considered.

Radio-opaquing agents do not have any antimicrobial properties and do not indicate the state of the calcium hydroxide paste over time. Their role can only be to determine the extent of the initial application.

the length of time a calcium hydroxide paste remains active within a root canal depends on its initial percentage within the paste, its rate of dissolution from the root canal and the rate at which it forms calcium carbonate through its reaction with carbon dioxide. (Calcium carbonate is an inert substance with no alkalinity or significant antibacterial properties). none of these parameters can

be measured radiographically. there is no diagnostic advantage in radiographing an endodontically-dressed tooth in order to determine the state of the endodontic dressing. the radio-opacity of the root canal due to the presence of a radio-opaquing agent has no correlation to the chemical state and activity of the paste. A radiograph will only indicate the biological state (degree of healing, etc.) of the root of the tooth and the periapical tissues.

Barium sulphate is a commonly utilised, non-staining radio-opaquing agent with low toxicity which is utilised in OdOntOCIDe. In accordance with the principles above, OdOntOCIDe is deliberately only moderately radio-opaque in order to maximise the amount of ibuprofen and calcium hydroxide which are the components which impart the greatest therapeutic benefit.

THE RADIO-OPACITY OF CALCIUM HYDROxIDE-bASED PASTES >>

ODONTOCIDE is deliberately

only moderately radio-

opaque to maximise the

amount of ibuprofen and

calcium hydroxide.

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG8

Definition

the simplest definition to which we are accustomed is

pH = -log[H+] (Sorrenson 1909). the pH range is from 0

to 14 and is based on the dissociation constant of water

at 25°C. Kw= 1x10-14=[H+][OH-].

Analytical chemists have developed more accurate and

complex formulas for pH. the evolution of pH definitions

is presented below:

pH=-log[H+]

pH= -log [aH+] where [aH+] = activity of the hydrogen ion:

[aH+] = gH+ . bH+ where gH+ = the activity coefficient and

bH+ = concentration in mol/kg within the solvent. In dilute

solutions, [aH+] = [bH+] as an approximation. In more

concentrated solutions, consideration needs to be given

to the medium (solvent) effect and the salt effect. the

medium effect is the effect the solvent has on the H+ ion

activity. For example, H+ activity is 200 times greater in

ethanol than in water. In other solvents, the H+ activity is

lower than in water.

there are even more complex definitions for pH; however,

they become far too complex for those not directly

involved in the field of chemistry and chemical analysis.

It is common now for pH, when taught to high school and

undergraduate students, to be defined as follows:

pH=-log(H3O+] where H3O+ is called the hydronium ion (of

which several types exist in water).

An advantage of the use of hydronium instead of hydrogen

is to deliberately limit the pH to an aqueous environment

as different solvents have different effects on pH. [H3O+] is

equivalent to [H+] in an aqueous solution.

The Measurement of pHpH can be measured commonly in two ways:

1. With indicator paper: indicator paper changes colour depending on the pH. the best known example is litmus paper.

2. With a pH meter and probe: a pH meter typically uses a glass probe and measures differences in electrical potential between two electrodes in the target solution.

The pH of Calcium Hydroxide Pastes in endodontics

A pH with calcium hydroxide occurs in thefollowing steps.

a. Calcium hydroxide dissolves into solution with water being the most common solvent used in endodontic calcium hydroxide pastes.

b. Calcium hydroxide then dissociates into its constituent ions.

Ca(OH)2 → Ca2+ + 2OH-

the hydroxyl ions are thought to provide the antibacterial properties of calcium hydroxide pastes and are, therefore, critical. If calcium hydroxide were insoluble, then the pH would remain neutral, i.e. pH=7, and the calcium hydroxide would simply settle to the bottom of the vessel. However, calcium hydroxide is soluble in water, albeit at a low level of 1.73 grams per litre at 20°C. this low solubility ensures that the pH does not rise above 12.5 in an aqueous solution.

the dissociation constant of calcium hydroxide is an indicator of how much of the dissolved calcium hydroxide will split into its ions. Calcium hydroxide has a high dissociation constant (pKb2.43), and, therefore, almost all the dissolved calcium hydroxide dissociates into ions. If calcium hydroxide did not dissociate, then the pH would remain neutral irrespective of the solubility.

An example of the relationship of solubility and pH follows: in one litre of water at 20°C, only 1.73 grams of calcium hydroxide is required to saturate the solution and raise the pH to its maximum level of 12.5. therefore, a paste with 20%, 40% , 60%, 90% (or anything above 0.173%) calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution will all have the same pH since only 1.73 grams of calcium hydroxide per litre can dissolve and then dissociate to provide the pH. the excess remains undissolved and hence cannot impart any additional hydroxyl ions into solution.

pH- a sIMPle CONCePT, OFTEN MISUNDERSTOOD >>

Ca(OH)2 (undissolved)

Dissolved Ca(OH)2

(inert as there are no free hydroxyl ions)

20%

40%

Solubility:1.73 g/L @ 20%

OH-

Water

Hydroxyl ions responsible for pHand antibacterial properties

Ca2+

Ca2+

OH-

(OH)-

OH-

(OH)-

UndissolvedCa(OH)2

Water

the only advantage of higher percentage calcium hydroxide pastes is that they last longer. An analogy would be to imagine two cars with the same engine, etc. One car has a full fuel tank while the other is only half-full. Both will perform all tasks identically except the one with a half-filled fuel tank will stop running sooner as it runs out of fuel. the same applies with differing percentages of calcium hydroxide pastes. the remaining amount of calcium hydroxide, once 1.73grams per litre has dissolved, is inert and plays no role in the provision of the pH. However, more importantly, in an open system such as a root canal where dissolution of the hydroxyl ions occurs, more calcium hydroxide dissolves from the undissolved reservoir to replace the ions lost through dissolution, thereby maintaining the concentration and pH. Eventually, the reserve of calcium hydroxide is depleted and the pH drops off to neutral.

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 9

The pH of different pastes in different solutionsthe use of pH meters makes the measuring of pH straightforward. A very common error, however, is to simply place the pH probe into different solutions (water, methanol or polyethylene glycol (PEG)) and expect to have pH readings which are comparable. You cannot compare the pH of a substance in an aqueous solution with the pH of the same substance in a non-aqueous solution through the use of a pH meter. A better analogy is as follows:

Consider two thermometers - one based on Celsius and the other on Fahrenheit. You can measure the temperature of objects with both thermometers but can only compare direct measurements if the same scale in temperature (same thermometer) were used. the only way to compare measures in Fahrenheit and Celsius is to convert one scale to the other. eg. Celsius = (Fahrenheit -32) x 5/9

When measuring pH, comparisons become even more complex because a pH measure taken in one solvent cannot be compared to a pH measure taken in another. there is no conversion of scale as there is with the temperature example.

Calcium hydroxide is a specific example of the above.Calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution, when measured with a typical pH meter, will return a pH of 12.4-12.6. It has been claimed that the same calcium hydroxide in polyethylene glycol will return a much higher pH (in excess of 14**). It is invalid to compare and claim that one paste achieves a higher pH than the other. this is an incorrect interpretation of the readings and no such comparisons can be made.

the solubility of calcium hydroxide in polyethylene glycol is 2.3 grams/kg (testing performed by an independent, tGA licensed laboratory at the request of AdM). Assuming complete dissociation (which may not be the case), the [OH-] concentration is approx. 0.078 moles per litre. Since a comparable pH cannot be deduced as the solvent is not aqueous, we can instead compare with a 1M sodium hydroxide aqueous solution which achieves a pH of 14. the concentration of hydroxyl ions is 1 mole per litre (compared to 0.078 moles per litre for PEG 400)

From this, it is clear that the hydroxyl ion concentration is far below that found for a pH >14 in an aqueous solvent. the pH meter reading may indicate a high value but this value has no correlation to the aqueous range and therefore provides a false impression of a higher concentration of hydroxyl ions. the actual chemistry clearly shows that calcium hydroxide in a polyethylene glycol solvent does not have a hydroxyl ion concentration equivalent to that of an aqueous solution with a pH of 14.

Points to Remember

1. Calcium hydroxide has low solubility which limits the pH to 12.5. A higher solubility (and no change to the dissociation constant) such as that found in sodium/potassium hydroxide would increase the pH to 14. No trials exist of products utilised in endodontics as long-term pastes with pH values ≥14. Products with such a high pH should only be used with caution as the pH scale is logarithmic. A two pH-unit-difference implies a hundred-fold increase in activity.

2. A different solvent such as PEG 400, or a dilution of one solvent with another in large amounts, results in a different pH scale. pH measures cannot, therefore, be used for comparison or for claims of advantages of one product over another in terms of pH. Specifically, pH of calcium hydroxide in polyethylene glycol cannot be compared to the pH of calcium hydroxide in water.

3. The solubility of calcium hydroxide in polyethylene glycol makes it impossible to achieve a hydroxyl ion concentration found in an aqueous solution with a pH>14.

4. The % of calcium hydroxide, if over 0.173% (at 20°C), does not increase or affect the pH of the paste in water. It only enables the paste to last longer in the canal. For short periods, consideration needs to be given as to an acceptable percentage of calcium hydroxide. It may be that a 10% calcium hydroxide paste works just as well as a 40% paste if there is sufficient reserves of undissolved calcium hydroxide to account for the loss through dissolution over an acceptable period of time.

** claim made by Prof. Laurence Walsh in a paid presentation on behalf of Ozdent at the trans-tasman Endodontic Conference 2012 and in Ozdent advertised literature.

`

pHUNDER-

STANDING

From this, it is clear

that a pH of >14 is

impossible to achieve,

even using incorrect

assumptions, in

paste comprising

calcium hydroxide and

polyethylene glycol,

as the concentration

of hydroxyl is far below

the 1 mole per litre

requirement.

aUsTRalIaN aCHIeVeMeNTs>>

1> Made Australia’s first non-staining root canal medicament containing an antibiotic and steroid.

2> Made the World’s first calcium hydroxide paste incorporating a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.

3> Made the World’s first calcium silicate-based pulp capping agent incorporating a steroid.

4> Introduced the concept of standardising ingredients to improve compatibility across all products.

5> Made the first Australian-made capsule application system for easier application of pastes and cements whilst improving prevention of cross infection. ODONTOTIPS are suitable for ODONTOPASTE, ODONTOCIDE, ODONTOPREP and ODONTOCEM, along with other MTA-based products which have been traditionally difficult to apply.

6> Made an aerosol cold spray which rivals carbon dioxide systems but is significantly less expensive and more convenient.

7> Made innovative cleaning sponges and stands for endodontic files.

8> Introduced a process to make all our products as environmentally friendly as possible by incorporating recyclable and biodegrable plastics and promoting reuse of packaging.

9> Continues to improve current products, develop new materials and new concepts with better outcomes for both the dentist and patient.

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG

Bundy was part of our family. He was a red cattle dog and had true character and personality. If he could talk, you would hear him express the opinion that he was a human trapped in a dog’s body. Cancer took him away from us. So as a tribute to a close friend you will find, on all of our products, a small picture of “Bundy”. that’s our tribute to a friend who will always be missed.

tHE HIStORY OF BUndY

ADM >>

10

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 11

ODONTOpREp®

endodontic file lubricantTHEPERFECT PARTNER FOR ODONTOpASTE

And ODONTOCIDE

OdOntOpREp is an innovative endodontic file lubricant. OdOntOpREp contains EdtA, a known chelating

agent, and mandelic acid, a known antibiofilm agent. OdOntOpREp is clear to allow for better vision when placing files and was designed with microscopes in mind.

OdOntOpREp is safe to use on any hand or rotary files and will not harm or corrode them in any way.

OdOntOpREp is water-soluble and easily removed from the root canal with either EdtA or sodium hypochlorite rinses.

none

A small amount of OdOntOpREp can be extruded into a dappens dish or mixing pad. OdOntOpREp can then be applied liberally onto files prior to insertion within the root canal by swiping the file through the gel.

OPR15 OdOntOPReP 8g tube

Contains EdtA 12% mandelic acid 6%

Description

Indications for Use

Contraindication/Precautions

Method of Use

Detail of ODONTOTIPand silicone plunger

in composite-dispensing gun

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG12

OT30 OdOntOTIPs disposable applicator system

Contains 30 dispoable capsules 30 disposable silicone plungers

OdOntOTIpS can be utilised by either directly dispensing paste, such as OdOntOpASTE, OdOntOCIDE and OdOntOpREp, into the capsule or scooping the mixed cement, such as OdOntOCEM or other MtA-based cements, into the rear opening of the capsule. the silicone plunger can then be inserted into the large opening and the capsule placed in a standard composite-dispensing gun. the long dispensing tip can be adjusted in any direction by bending and will retain most of the deformed shape. the loaded material can then be easily dispensed into root canals or over pulp exposures.

Should there be a blockage in the tip, the capsule is designed to safely vent through the rear, thereby preventing any sudden discharge of material towards the patient.

As the tip is made from a flexible plastic, the risk of needle-stick injuries is far less in comparison to metal syringe tips. If necessary, the tip can also be cut and modified with scissors.

the capsule is single-use only and can be disposed in the recycling section of the waste disposal.

Description

Indications for Use

Method of Use

ODONTOTIpSdisposable

applicator system

NEW

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 13

ODCP8G OdOntOCeM POWdER 8g powder

Contains calcium cements 99.8% triamcinolone acetonide 0.2%

ODCl10 OdOntOCeM LIqUId 10mL liquid

Contains ammonium salts 4.5%

OdOntOCEM is the first calcium silicate-based biocompatible calcium cement to successfully incorporate a steroid. OdOntOCEM is very biocompatible and has a unique chemistry in many ways. the high pH, responsible for the antibacterial properties, is only transient so that the set product, over time, improves in biocompatibility. In addition, OdOntOCEM sets in 3-5 minutes which, for calcium silicate-based products, is relatively quickly. OdOntOCEM is recommended for use in either direct or indirect pulp capping. the steroid component in OdOntOCEM is at a low percentage of 0.2%. this provides only temporary pain relief and will keep a tooth with irreversible pulpitis acquiesced for only a short period of time thus avoiding false positives.

Use of OdOntOCEM is contraindicated on patients with a history of allergy to triamcinolone acetonide. Use of OdOntOCEM on pregnant women is also contraindicated due to the presence of triamcinolone acetonide and the associated possible teratogenic effects. Even though the risk, due to the extremely low dose, is minimal, it is recommended that OdOntOCEM be avoided.

Mixing and applying OdOntOCEM is a challenge. It presents a learning experience. It cannot be mixed and applied with a dycal applicator, as is the case with some zinc oxide/eugenol-based products, nor can it be applied in thin cross-sections. It is best mixed on a mixing pad into a dough and applied as such. It can be loaded into the capsule component of our new OdOntOTIpS. this overcomes the difficulty of applying OdOntOCEM. OdOntOCEM can be extruded through the tip and finessed with a flat plastic in its final position. In addition, OdOntOCEM can be manipulated with a sparingly moist cotton wool pellet, if required. Mixing and applying OdOntOCEM is not easy but can be mastered with some patience and practice. the advantages of the chemistry and biocompatibility of the product outweigh the challenges of the mixing process.

Indications for Use

Contraindication Precautions

Method of Use

ODONTOCEM®

biocompatiblecalcium cement

ODONTOSTAnDautoclavable

endodontic organiser

14

OsTNDB OdOntOsTaND BLACK 1 unit 1 EndoFoam-PVP 1 EndoFoam-C

OsTNDG OdOntOsTaND GOLd 1 unit 1 EndoFoam-PVP 1 EndoFoam-C

OdOntOSTAnD is an autoclavable endodontic organiser based on the Parashos Validated Protocol developed by Assoc. Prof. Peter Parashos from Melbourne University. the OdOntOSTAnD is engineered to withstand repeated exposure to extreme heat and pressure. It comes with a three-year guarantee against damage from autoclaving.

the OdOntOSTAnD is versatile. It will take the classic circular foam inserts, ENDOFOAM–C, and the Australian-developed ENDOFOAM–pVp, designed specifically for the Parashos Validated Protocol. the OdOntOSTAnD can also be used just like any other endodontic organizer with single-use foams within the surgery.

the OdOntOSTAnD is made from premium-quality plastics, not metal. It does not tarnish and maintains its shine even after repeated disinfection and autoclaving.

the OdOntOSTAnD has a unique finger-rest making the use of files far easier and reducing the risk of a sharps injury. OdOntOSTAnD also contains an internal well compatible with all types of solutions including chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite.

3 YE

AR GUARANTEE

AG

AIN

ST AUTOCLAVING DAM

AG

E3

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG

Associate Professor Peter Parashos of the University of Melbourne developed and validated a method for the cleaning and re-use of rotary endodontic files in 20041. this method forms the basis of AdM’s ODONTOSTAnD and ENDOFOAM–pVp.

the Parashos Validated Protocol can be summarized as follows:

1. 10 vigorous strokes in the scourer-based foam, ENDOFOAM–pVp, soaked in 0.2% chlorhexidine solution

2. 30 minutes presoaking in an enzymatic cleaning solution

3. 15 minutes ultrasonication in an enzymatic cleaning solution

4. 20 second rinse in running tap water5. Files are now able to be autoclaved

and reused

the Parashos Validated Protocol is designed to be used in the cleaning and sterilising area. One sponge is capable of cleaning many files; however, it is recommended to replace the foams regularly, particularly under a heavy biological load.

the ODONTOSTAnD and ENDOFOAM–pVp can also be single-use within a clinical environment to provide a superior clean to all types of endodontic files when compared to other endodontic sponges on the market.1Parashos P, Linsuwanon P, and Messer HH, A cleaning protocol for rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. Aust dent J, 2004. 49(1): 20-7.

PARASHOS VALIdAtEd PROtOCOL

15

eDFPVP EndOFOaM–PVP Pack of 49

ENDOFOAM–pVp, designed for use with the ODONTOSTAnD, is the only triple-layered endodontic foam with an embedded scourer. ENDOFOAM–pVp cleans files like no other endodontic foam. ENDOFOAM–pVp can be single-use within a surgical environment or it can be used as part of the Parashos Validated Protocol. to understand more about the Parashos Validated protocol, see the sidebar << .

ENDOFOAM–C endodontic cushions

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG

ENDOFOAM–pVpendodontic cleaning cushions

ENDOFOAM–C is suitable for the ODONTOSTAnD as illustrated. It neatly fits within the cap and provides a clean area for the storage of files during root canal treatment. traditional endodontic organisers use this type of foam insert. the ODONTOSTAnD was designed for easier transitioning to the new scourer foams by allowing for the parallel use of the circular foam inserts. ENDOFOAM–C is autoclavable.

eFC55 EndOFOaM–C Pack of 55

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG16

With AdM’s ODONTORInG, you have the option of either an endodontic ring worn on your finger or a stand placed on your bracket table. ODONTORInG has an integrated well for a lubricant such as ODONTOpREp and a built-in ruler for the accurate measuring of endodontic files. ODONTORInG is made from a high quality autoclavable plastic. ODONTORInG was designed to be used with ENDOFOAM-pVp MInIs which have a scourer embedded within the foam layers. ODONTORInGs can also utilise ENDOFOAM–T1 and T2.

ODNTRW OdOntORING Ring and Stand White

Option 1–Ring

Option 2–Stand

ODONTORInGautoclavable

endodontic organiser

ENDOFOAM–pVp MInIs are designed to be utilised in the ODONTORInG. they have an embedded scourer layer within the foam allowing for thorough cleaning of endodontic files. ENDOFOAM–pVp MInIs are autoclavable and available in a box of 100.

eDFPVPM EndOFOaM–PVP MINI Box of 100

ENDOFOAM-pVp MInIendodonticcleaning cushions

FROSTbITE cryogenic spray

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 17

OBl25 OdOntOBleaCH 25g jar

OdOntObLEACH is a sodium perborate-based endodontic bleaching agent. OdOntObLEACH is suitable for use with the “walking bleach technique.” It is recommended that OdOntObLEACH be used with water to reduce the risk of invasive cervical resorption. Other liquid vehicles can be utilised such as hydrogen peroxide but the increased risk of invasive cervical resorption needs to be assessed and managed correctly. OdOntObLEACH is mixed with sterile water to form a dry paste which can be picked up with amalgam guns and placed within the root canal. the use of heat to accelerate the bleaching process is not recommended. OdOntObLEACH should be applied and reassessed in one week for either further replenishment or for removal. Final restoration of the tooth is generally recommended to be delayed two weeks post-bleaching due to the presence of an oxygen inhibited layer which will affect bonding when using adhesive systems immediately post-bleaching.

FROStbITE is an endodontic cryogenic spray. FROStbITE is used for pulpal sensibility testing through the application of a cold stimulus to a tooth. FROStbITE uses a unique and efficient cooling fluid enabling it to reach temperatures approaching that of more expensive carbon dioxide systems. AdM’s FROStbITE can deliver temperatures down to -55°c. Clinically, there is no discernible difference between FROStbITE and carbon dioxide gas based systems. Moreover, when using the carbon dioxide systems, it is not unusual to leave a patient with cold burns on their cheeks and lips. With AdM’s FROStbITE, this is not possible. For best results, FROStbITE is sprayed on a small cotton wool ball and placed on a tooth. FROStbITE provides the convenience and safety of the spray can with the certainty of carbon dioxide systems.

AdM’s FROStbITE is easily the most cost-effective pulpal vitality testing device on the market today.

FB248 FROStBITe 248mL aerosol

-44°C -46°C

23°C

-55°C

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Tem

pera

ture

°C

Seconds

Brand A: -44°C

Brand B: -46 °C

ADM's FROSTBITE: -55°C

FROSTbITEcryogenic spray

ODONTObLEACHendodontic

bleaching powder

FROSTbITEIT’S A

COOL CAN

ODONTOEDTA®

root canal irrigant

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG18

ODONTOEDTA®

root canal irrigantODONTOHEx®

endodontic file cleaner

ODONTOHEx is a 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution for use as a cleaning solution. It can also be used with AdM’s ODONTOSTAnD and ENDOFOAM–pVp in the Parashos Validated Protocol for the reuse of endodontic files. ODONTOHEx is available in five and one litre containers. the five litre packs come in reusable genuine Willow® containers which incorporate a pump system. this allows for the ease of dispensing enough solution for one root canal treatment. In addition, one activation of the pump system dispenses sufficient chlorhexidine for the ODONTOSTAnD’s internal well.

OeDTa1 OdOntOEDTA 1L container

eDTa5 OdOntOeDTa 5L carry can

OHeX1 OdOntOHEx 1L container

OHeX5 OdOntOHeX 5L carry can

ODONTOEDTA is AdM’s contribution to cost-effective irrigant solutions. ODONTOEDTA contains 16% EdtA and 0.85% cetrimide buffered to a neutral pH. ODONTOEDTA removes the smear layer from root canal surfaces for the optimal efficacy of antibacterial irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine. the five litre packs come in take-home genuine Willow® containers and include a pump system which dispenses 30mL of solution with each activation–just enough for one course of root canal treatment.COMING

SOON

ODONTO INNOVATIVE ENDODONTIC PRODUCTS AUStRALIAn dEntAL MAnUFACtURInG 19

We recently applied for the right to use the iconic “Australian Made” logo. We are proud of the fact that AdM makes all its products in Australia and equally proud of the fact that we are “Australian Owned.” From now on, you will notice that all our products will come shipped with the well-known logo. We believe in developing the necessary skills and intellectual property in Australia, so we manufacture our components here. It’s more difficult to do, in most cases more expensive, but in the long run, we feel it’s the best way of producing the best product without compromise. As a result of combined Australian ingenuity, AdM has managed to produce many products far superior to anything available from overseas. It is no surprise that AdM exports many of our products to countries typically associated with the manufacture of high quality dental materials.

We don’t advertise heavily, we don’t believe in gimmicks and we certainly don’t believe in paying for positive professional opinions or spin. In fact, we have never paid for anyone to speak on our behalf.

We’re so confident of the quality of our products that we feel our products speak for themselves.

Our strength comes from real knowledge and innovation that comes with years of experience in making dental materials. And we back it up with rigorous testing.

We employ Australians and are an important source of income for many similar-sized companies that we utilise. they rely on us just as much as we rely on them. Who knows - their employees may even be your patients.

So, when you next buy AdM products, you are not only supporting an Australian-owned company that manufactures its products in Australia, but you are also supporting the Australians who work with us. And for us, that’s what AdM is all about.

Sincerely dr. Matthew Athanassiadis BdSc | BA | docClindent | MOrthRCS(Edin) Managing director Australian dental Manufacturing

WE ARE ExACTLY WHAT WE SAY WE ARE >> AN AuSTrAlIAN COmPANy THAT mANuFACTurES DENTAl mATErIAlS IN AuSTrAlIA

We don’t advertise heavily, we don’t believe

in gimmicks and we certainly don’t believe in paying for positive professional opinions

or spin. In fact, we have never paid for anyone to

speak on our behalf.

20

25 Billabong Street Kenmore Hills Brisbane queensland 4069 Australia

tel +61 7 3878 1901 Fax +61 7 3878 1903

[email protected] www.austdent.com.au

FLORENTZOS DESIGN 2705 JANUARY 2013PRINTED bY PRINTCRAFTKW DOGGETT FINE PAPER HANNOART SILK


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