1191DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.

careful investigation should be made for any change what-ever in the osseous system in every case of pituitary tumour.He had examined the bone in cases of osteitis deformans,and there could be no doubt that the changes were inflam-matory. A good account of the minute changes in the bonein cases of acromegaly was much needed.Mr. C. G. SELIGMANN showed the living ova of Bilharzia

Hxmatobium from the urine of a soldier who had recentlyreturned from Mashonaland. The ova were constantly passedfrom both the bladder and the rectum. Those from thebladder had terminal spines only, while those from therectum had also lateral spines. The ova could be hatchedin warm urine, although not so quickly as in water at thesame temperature. In some cases the anterior end of theovum began to move vigorously, and a number of granuleswere discharged, many of them collecting between the ovumand the shell. After a time the embryo would become slowlyextruded. In other cases the embryo, after more or lessactive movements within the shell, escapes svddenly througha lateral rent. After escape the cilia at the oral end cometo move more vigorously than those elsewhere. The shapeof the embryo is constantly changing in an amœba-likemanner.

Dr. UALVERT and Mr. T. STRANGEWAYS PIGG showed aspecimen of Calcification of the Pericardium the result ofchronic pyo-pericardium. The condition appeared to haveexisted for five year.’!. Three weeks before death the patientwas attacked with pleuri-y with effusion and died from cardiacfailare. The heart was found to be almost entirely cased incalcareous material and there were several ounces of inspis-sated pus in the pericardium. Such cases were very rara,but had been described by Murchison, Pearce Gould, Liennec,and others.-Dr. A. F. VOELCKER said that there wasa similar condition figured by Matthew Baillie in his"Atlas," published in 1803, as one of "ossification of theheart."-The PRESIDENT said that this specimen confirmedhis impression that calcification of the pericardium wasalmost always due to previous suppuration.

Mr. SPENCER showed microscopic specimens of a Sub-maxillary Salivary Gland altered by general inflammation,the smaller ducts of which were distended by small calculiformed of inspissated mucus in which carbonates were beingdeposited. The gland had been excised from a girl agedtwenty years who had had recurrent distention of Wbarton’sduct and inflammation of the gland. On opening the ductropy mucus and numerous small calculi of the size and shapeof rice grains escaped. Similar calculi continued to be dis- charged or were scraped away until finally the gland had tobe excised to avoid suppuration. Mr. Spencer mentioned thecase of a young man under the care of Dr. Dundas Grant,from whose duct calculi were being discharged of the famesf.zeandshape. In the ordinary wdy a single almond-shapedcalculus forms in and fills the main duct. Here numerouscalculi arose in the substance of the gland comparable to theformation of calculi in the liver or kidney.

illr. SPENCER also showed microscopic specimens ofChronic Traumatic Neuritis taken from an amputatedleg. The patient, a woman, aged forty-three years, hadsprained her ankle severely four and a half years before.She had been under the care of Dr. Ferris, Mr. Davidson,and Mr. Francis, of Uxbridge, and had been several timesin hospital under the care of Mr. Spencer. After theaccident she could never put her foot to the ground,although all the bruising and swelling cleared up andthere had been no fracture or dislocation. She alwayscomplained of great hyperæsthesia, of pain especially atnight, and suffered intermittently from cedema. After fouryears ulceration and necrosis of the tees commenced, and thepain spread up to the External popliteal nerve as it turnedroui3d the fibula. After the accident the patient developedmany general symptoms of a nervous character, and this takenin connexion with the approaching climacteric tended tompport a diagnosis of hysteria until this was negatived bythe commencing ulceration and necrosis of the toes. Patho-logically the case was an interesting one of chronic spreadingtraumatic neuritis set up by a subcutaneous injury to the sof6parts without the intervention of any of the other recognisedcauses of peripheral neuritis.-Dr. F. E. BATTEN asked ifany other stains than the ordinary hæmatoxylin had beenemployed, and whether during life there had been anyreaction of degeneration in the affected limb -Mr. SPENCER,in reply, said that several stains had been used and showedthe same changes. The electrical reactions had not beentested, partly owing to the extreme hyperæ,thesia.

DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREATBRITAIN AND IRELAND.

Exhibition of Cases.AN ordinary meeting of this society was held at 20,

Hanover-square on Oct. 27th, Mr. BUXTON SBILLITOE ’beingin the chair.

Mr. W. T. FREEMAN showed a patient, a middle-agedsingle woman, who had two patches upon her forehead ;the edges were slightly raised and were encroaching veryslowly indeed upon the surrounding skin. The centreof each patch was occupied by a quite superficial atrophicscar. Neither patch had ever wept, and there was

practically no irritability. One patch had existed for sixteenyears and the other for twelve years. Mr. Freeman askedfor a diagnosis, and the opinions given were various.-Anearly form of rodent ulcer was suggested by Mr. PERNET -Aspecific origin was also suggested, or that the patches weresimple lichenous patches.

Dr. ABRAHAM showed in a man about forty-five years ofage an interest1lJg example of Xanthoma Diabeticorum. Theindividual lesions were of about the size of hemp seeds.-Dr.ABRAHAM also brought forward in a man above middle agea case of Granuloma Facgoides. There were well-markednew growths over the lower abdomen and close by the leftnipple. The case was originally believed to be one ofseborrhœie eczema.-Dr. STOWERS agreed as to the diagnosisand remarked that they seldom had the opportunity of seeingthe 6disease in such an early stage.-Mr. PERNET remarkedon the longevity of the ancestors of such patients and gaveexamples.

Dr. SAViLL showed a case of Urticaria Factitia and alsoone of Drug Eruption. The urticarial wheals, both thosethat were persistent and those that could be mechanicallyproduced at the time, were very exaggerated. The drugeruption was marked and not limited to the acne regions.Mr. SHILLITOE showed a case of Acute General Dermatitis

caused by a mercurial ointment.Mr. HOPE GRANT showed a case of Tumour of the Hand.

It commenced a few months previously as a boil; the tumourhad steadily increased in size and a scab had formed. It wasevidently a tuberculous growth, probably of the nature of apost-mortem wart. The patient was a clothworker.

Dr. ABRAHAM showed for Mr. WAREN TAY a case ofLichen Ruber Acuminatus.-Mr. PERNET called it lichenplanus.

Dr. SroSVERS brought forward a woman, aged twenty-fouryears, for diagnosis. He believed it to be a case of AcneVarioloformis.-This was generally agreed to.

Dr. EDDOWES showed a case of Seborrhaea. Corporis in aman aged forty-five years. He remarked on the fact of itshaving commenced on the scalp and then having spreaddownwards.-Dr. EDDOWES also showed a case of LichenPlanus Hypertrophicus on the legs in an old man.-Dr.EDDOW&s also demonstrated by paper, photographs, andmicroscope a case of Tinea Circinata contracted from a pethedgehog.

ODONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREATBRITAIN.

Exhibition of Specimen.-" Home. made Artificial Denture.-Extraction of a Tooth by Means of an Elastic Ban6,7 -A Mandible showing an Encbedded Premolar - AcuteSuppuration of the Mandible.-Presidential AddressTHE opening meeting of the session of this society was

held on Nov. 1st at 40, Leicester-square, Mr. W. E. HABDIKG,President, being in the chair.Mr. H. L. ALBERT exhibited two Deciduous Central

Incisors which had been removed from the mouth of a childtwelve months of age. The teeth presented an extreme

development of the civgulum on the palatal side, and as thisled to irritation of the tongue the teeth were removed.

Mr. STORER BENNETT showed for Mr. CHARTERS WHITEa specimen of " Home Made Artificial Teeth. The twocentral mandibular incisors had been lost and the patienthad carved up somewhat primitively two pieces of bone andhad fixed them in position by wire ligatures around the

adjacent lateral incisors. The specimen shown included thetwo artificial teeth with the two natural teeth.

1192 REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF BOOKS.

, Mr. G. BRUNTON showed several Instruments of his owndesign and also recorded a case of Extraction of a DifficultMisplaced Maxillary Bicuspid by means of Elastic Liga-tures.

Mr. W. A. MAGGS exhibited a Portion of a Human Man-dible showing a first bicuspid embedded in the substance ofthe bone. The tooth was placed in a horizontal position, theapex being towards the median line the crown being situatedjust above the mental foramen.

Mr. RoucATON read the notes of a case of Acute Suppura-tion of the Mandible, which was followed by pysamia anddeath. The patient was a boy, seven and a half years ofage, and on Oct. lst he sat in a draught at school. The samenight he complained of pain in the left side of the face, andon being seen the following day by a medical man was foundto have a temperature of 1C5°F., the gum over the region ofthe left molar being so swollen and painful that the mouthcould not be opened. This condition showed little changefor two days, but on the third day rigors occurred, andthe following day-namely, Oct. 6!ih—the swelling hadextended into the infra-mandibular region. The patientwas also slightly delirious. The next day the swellinghaving extended further down an snsesthetic was admini-stered and an incision made into the tissues of the neck.No pus was evacuated, but the tissues appeared as if aboutto slough. The teeth were apparently healthy, but thefirst permanent molar was quite loose and had pus wellingup around it. The tooth was removed and the pus evacuatedand the parts rendered as aseptic as possible. The next

day signs of peritonitis appeared, the patient dying on thefollowing day. Mr. Roughton considered the case to be oneof acute panosteitis. A somewhat similar case was recordedby Mr. Goadby.The PRESIDENT then delivered his Inaugural Address. He

referred to the early history of the society, and remarked thatone of the most noticeable features of the period which hadlapsed since the foundation was the knowledge which hadbeen obtained of the micro-organisms. After paying atribute of praise to M. Pasteur and Lord Lister he touchedupon the advances made in the knowledge of the micro-organisms of the mouth and their action by Mr. Underwood,Mr. Mills, Mr. Tomes, Mr. Mummery, Mr. Miller, and Dr. Black.He pointed out how our knowledge of the pathology of carieshad been advanced by the work of these investigators, andalso showed how the adoption of Listerian principles in dental ’,

surgery had revolutionised the treatment of septic roots. IAt the concision of the President’s address the meeting

adjourned.

SOCIETY OF MEDICAL OFFICERS OFHEALTH.

THE annual general meeting of this society was held onOct. 23rd, Dr. SEATON, President, in the chair.The PRESIDENT, after a graceful reference to the recent

death and services of Dr. ]:1’. W. Barry, delivered his

presidential address, taking for his subject the Workof the Medical Societies in its Relation to Public Health.Much of the work of the Pathological, Medical, andClinical Societies and the unremunerated researchesof individuals, whether undertaken in a purely scientificspirit or with an immediate utilitarian motive, hadcontributed greatly to the promotion of the ends whichtheir society more directly or exclusively had in view.But the Epidemiological Society, which occupied a positionintermediate between the strictly medical societies andtheir own, was above all others engaged, as its objectsstated in the charter of incorporation showed, in pursuitsidentical with theirs. Then there were the British Instituteof Preventive Medicine, the Sanitary Institute, the Instituteof Public Health, the Jennerian Society, and the BritishMedical Association, which, though primarily a union ofmedical men, had a public health section at its annualcongresses. The Sanitary Institute and one or two othersembraced men of all professions more or less interested inpublic healtb, and there was no doubt that much advantageaccrued from association with architects, engineers,chemi&ts, geologists, &c., as well as from the museums andexhibitions promoted by some of these societies. Theirvarious transactions and journals wem of great value, yetmembers of their own society who belonged also to theEpidemiological Society and the Sanitary Institute could i

not but feel that the multiplication of associations involveda loss of the power resulting from union and that, asSir Douglas Galton had said, "the interest of publichealth and sanitation were frittered away over too manysocieties." " He would therefore earnestly urge everymember of the Society of Medical Officers of Health t(),do his best to bring about an amalgamation of all thoseengaged in promoting the same cause, believing that,since the medical element would always be the predominant.one, the authority and influence on public opinion of onegreat society would be far greater than that which theycould exercise with their present divisions; and he thoughtthat this year, being the fiftieth anniversary of the appoint-ment of the first medical officer of health, Dr. Duncan, atLiverpool and the inauguration of the public health service,would be a fitting occasion for effecting such a union. Henext referred to a number of questions that had long engagedthe attention of all really interested in public health, such asthe tenure of office, the qualifications of medical officers,of health, the severance of public work from private practice,and the relation of sanitary inspectors to the medicalofficers of health in town and country districts, theirqualifications, and the constitution of the court of examiners.In this connexion he could not pass over the ableservices rendered to the cause of medical officers andpublic health administration by Dr. Orme Dudfield. TheMaidstone epidemic had shown how different was the sanitaryexamination of water-supplies from the merely chemicalquestion of the analysis of adulterated foods and, also, howimportant was a knowledge of the normal condition of a given.water and of the contingent dangers to which it was exposedapart from actual contamination. Chemical analysis, with-out bacteriological examination and the other considerationsto which he had alluded, might tend to a false sense ofsecurity, but taken in conjunction with these it should serveas a delicate barometer and an indication of impending,danger, But while such catastrophes aroused public atten-tion owing to their suddenness it ought to be known that.there was in some districts a constant prevalence oftyphoid fever attributable to other causes than the pollution.of a certain public water-supply, and the record and publica-tion cf the distribution of any local excessive incidence ofthis and of other preventable diseases, as was done by the.Surrey County Council, by stimulating preventive actioncontributed in an important degree to the averting of suchoutbreaks and to the saving of life without the superventionof these terrible lessons. Such a society as he had indicatedshould include all the leading epidemiologists who, withoutbelonging to the public service, had made the subject ofcommunicable diseases their special study, and its inaugura-tion would, he repeated, be a fitting and worthy com-memoration of the jubilee of the institution of medicalofficers of health.

Reviews and Notices of Books.’7ae Yerr-boo7 of Treatntent for 1897. London : Cassell and

Co., Ltd.Tms admirable publication fully keeps up the high,

standard of merit and usefulness which has been maintainedin the past. The present is the thirteenth year in which it,

has appeared. A large part of Dr. Coupland’s article onDiseases of the Heart and Circulation is devoted to an ableaccount of the Naubeim treatment, in whjch all sides of thequestion are usefully discussed. Dr. Schorstein, who is anew contributor to the work, deals very thoroughly withRecent Advances in the Treatment of Pulmonary Disease; pwhile another fresh contributor, Dr. Francis Boyd, treats ofKidney Diseases and Diabetes. In the section on InfectionsFevers Dr. Sidney Phillips has much of value to say on theAntitoxin Treatment of Diphtheria, and on the Serum Testin Typhoid Fever. Mr. Rose and Mr. Carless treat of theAdvances in General Surgery. The subject of DeciduomaMalignum is very fully discussed both in the article on

Diseases of Women by Dr. Herman and in that on Midwifery byDr. Handfield-Jones, and in the latter article the use of anti-

sbeptococcic serum in puerperal septicaemia receives full