Anatomy II: Lesson 8 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM PART II
OBJECTIVE: STUDENTS WILL INVESTIGATE THE STOMACH OF THE COW
AND ADDITIONAL ORGANS IN ORDER IDENTIFY THE ANATOMICAL
STRUCTURES AND VARIANTS COMPARED TO OTHER SPECIES.
Warm Up:
This stomach belongs
to which species?
Which species have a:
Simple Glandular?
Simple Composite?
Types of Stomachs
Simple Glandular Stomach
Cats and Dogs
Lined with glandular mucosa
Simple Composite Stomach
Pigs and Equine
Mostly glandular but cranial
part has non-glandular
Complex Composite Stomach
Rumen (NG)
Reticulum (NG)
Omasum (NG)
Abomasum (G)
Cow Stomach
4 compartments
Complex Composite Stomach
Rumen (NG)
Reticulum (NG)
Omasum (NG)
Abomasum (G)
Cross Section of Cow Stomach
1st the Rumen
Non-glandular
Papillae present for bacteria
habitat
Divided into many sacs
Reticular groove = ruminoventricular sphincter
From the Esophagus….
From the Esophagus… after the Rumen
2nd Reticulum
Non-glandular
Honey comb
Crista reticula
Lacunae reticula
3rd Omasum
Non-glandular
Mucosal pattern
Butchers Bible
Lamina omasi
Sulcus omasi
4th Abomasum
Glandular
Spiral folds
Similar to Canine Stomach
Blood Supply of Cow Stomach
Several branches of the Celiac Artery
A. Lienalis
A. Gastrica Sinistra
A. Hepatica
A. Ruminalis Dextra
Caudally in the right longitudinal groove and into
left by passing between the dorsal and ventral blind
sacs. Forms an anastomosis with left ruminal artery
A. Ruminalis Sinistra
Follows cranial groove between the atrium and
ventral sac and caudally in the left longitudinal
groove
* Omasum and Abomasum are
supplied by the gastric and
gastroepiploic arteries
Organs Around the Stomach
Liver
(Hepatica)
Pancreas
Spleen
(lienalis)
Gall Bladder
(Vesica fellea)
Pancreas
(2 Lobes)
Exocrine Function
Production of gastric juices to proximal part of duodenum
Contains enzymes to break down proteins carbohydrates and fats
Endocrine Function
From pancreatic islets
Secrete Insulin, Glucagon ad Gastrin
Blood Supply
Right Lobe A. cranial pancreaticoduodenal
From Hepatic Artery
Left Lobe A. caudal pancreaticoduodenal
From Cranial Mesenteric Artery
Pancreas Specie Variants
Dog and Equine (x2)
Ductus Pancreaticus
Major Duodenal Papilla
Dunctus Pancreaticus
Accessorius
Minor Duodenal Papilla
Pig and Cow (x1)
Dunctus Pancreaticus
Accessorius ONLY
Feline and Small Ruminants (x1)
Ductus Pancreaticus ONLY
Gallbladder
(Vesica fellea)
Stores bile and discharges into the duodenum
Concentrates the bile produced by liver
Bile duct opens into the major duodenal pappilla
NOT PRESENT IN EQ!
Spleen - Lien
Location
Caudal to diaphragm in left cranial part of abdomen
Fused to Rumen in ruminants
Function:
Stores and concentrates erythrocytes
Releases when needed
Filters blood and removes worn out erythrocytes
Extracts iron and releases it again for reuse
Produces lymphocytes and monocytes
Blood Supply (Passes through Hilus)
Splenic Artery (A. Lienalis) from A. Coelica
Spleen Specie Variants
Shape of Spleen
Fused/ Not Fused
Spleen Ligaments
Lig. Gastrospleicum
To Stomach
Lig. Phrenicolienal
To Diaphragm
Lig. Renolienal (EQ ONLY)
To Left Kidney
A. Coelica
A. Coelica Ca Eq Ru Sus
A. Liealis + + + +
A. Gastroepiploica Sin. + + - +
A. Gastrica Sin. - - - +
A. Gastrica Sin. + + + -
A. Gastroepiploica Sin. - - + -
A. Hepatica + + + +
A. Gastrica Dext. + + + +
A. Gastroepiploica Dext. + + + +
A. Pancreaticoduodenal Cran. + + + +
