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Oklahoma Water Quality Standards Triennial Revision 2 nd Statewide Stakeholder Meeting October 10, 2018
Oklahoma Water Quality Standards
Triennial Revision
2nd Statewide Stakeholder Meeting
October 10, 2018
OKLAHOMA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
2018-2019 TRIENNIAL REVISION
Oklahoma Water Resources Board
Informal Stakeholder Meeting
October 10, 2018
WHAT ARE HUMAN HEALTH CRITERIA?
• A Human Health Criterion (HHC) is the highest concentration
of pollutant that is not expected to pose a significant risk to
human health
• Provide protection from two routes of exposure
– Consumption of aquatic organisms
– Consumption of aquatic organisms + water
• Oklahoma HHC applicability
– Public and private water supply beneficial use
– Fish consumption beneficial use
OKLAHOMA’S HUMAN HEALTH CRITERIA
• Chapter 45 - Oklahoma’s Water Quality Standards (OWQS)
– 37 numerical criteria for inorganic and organic pollutants
Appendix G, Table 2. Numerical Criteria to Protect Beneficial Uses and All Subcategories Thereof
WHY UPDATE OKLAHOMA’S HHC?
• Protect the health of Oklahomans
• Criteria should reflect the most recent,
scientifically sound information and
methodology
• States are required to review and consider
nationally recommended 304(a) criteria
NEW HHC APPROACH • Evaluated 71 of EPA’s nationally recommended HHC for
environmental relevance in Oklahoma
– Measured ambiently above detection or reporting limit?
• Water Quality Portal
– Being discharged?
• TRI, DMR
– Potential to be discharged?
• Evaluation outcome
– Considering 38 criteria
• 18 Carcinogens
• 20 Non-Carcinogens
– Not considering 33 criteria
• Calculated criteria
– Considering 38 new HHC
DATA NEEDS FOR HHC CALCULATION • Toxicity Values
– Non-carcinogens
– Carcinogens
• Risk Level
– OK (10-5)
• Exposure Inputs
– Fish Consumption Rate (FCR)
• 22 g/day
– Drinking Water Intake (DI)
• 2.4 L/Day
– Body Weight (BW)
• 80 kg (176.4 lbs)
– Relative source contribution factor (RSC)
• accounts for non-water sources
• Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) or Bioconcentration (BCF)
EQUATIONS AND INPUTS Carcinogen
Consumption of water and organisms:
AWQC (μg/L) = toxicity value (10-5 / CSF) [mg/kg-d] × BW (kg) × 1,000 (μg/mg) DI (L/d) + Σ4
i=2 (FCRi (kg/d) × BAFi (L/kg)) Organism only:
AWQC (μg/L) = toxicity value (10-5 / CSF) [mg/kg-d] × BW (kg) × 1,000 (μg/mg) Σ4
i=2 (FCRi (kg/d) × BAFi (L/kg)) Non-Carcinogen
Consumption of water and organisms:
AWQC (μg/L) = toxicity value (RfD [mg/kg-d] × RSC) × BW (kg) × 1,000 (μg/mg) DI (L/d) + Σ4
i=2 (FCRi (kg/d) × BAFi (L/kg))
Organism only:
AWQC (μg/L) = toxicity value (RfD [mg/kg-d] × RSC) × BW (kg) × 1,000 (μg/mg) Σ4
i=2 (FCRi (kg/d) × BAFi (L/kg))
Inputs Value Units
Body Weight 80 kg
Drinking Water Intake 2.4 L/d
Fish Consumption Rate (Total) 0.0220 kg/d
Fish Consumption Rate for Trophic Level 2 0.0076 kg/d
Fish Consumption Rate for Trophic Level 3 0.0086 kg/d
Fish Consumption Rate for Trophic Level 4 0.0051 kg/d
Target excess lifetime cancer risk 0.00001 unitless
2018-2019 Water Quality Standards Triennial Review New Human Health Criteria Anthracene (CAS 120-12-7)
What is Anthracene? Anthracene is a colorless to pale yellow, sand-like solid with a bluish fluorescence. It is
combustible, and used in dyes, insecticides, and wood preservatives.1,2
This chemical is toxic to aquatic organisms and can remain in aquatic environments for a long time. Contact can occur through contaminated water.
2
Noncarcinogen 3
Has Anthracene been measured ambiently or discharged? Anthracene was measured in groundwater and surface water.
4
Anthracene was reported as a discharge to the Toxic Release Inventory from 2008-2016.5
Noncarcinogen Equations 6 Consumption of water and organisms:
AWQC (μg/L) = toxicity value (RfD [mg/kg-d] × RSC) x BW (kg) × 1,000 (μg/mg) DI (L/d) + Σ
4i=2 (FCRi (kg/d) × BAFi (L/kg))
Organism only: AWQC (μg/L) = toxicity value (RfD [mg/kg-d] × RSC) × BW (kg) × 1,000 (μg/mg) Σ
4i=2 (FCRi (kg/d) × BAFi (L/kg))
Anthracene Criteria
Criteria Value
Consumption of water and organisms 300 μg/L
Organism only 400 μg/L
Footnotes 1The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 1999. Anthracene. Center for Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. Accessed September 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/nengnameA.html. 2 Workplace Health and Safety. 2002. Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet: Anthracene. State of New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ. Accessed September 2018. http://web.doh.state.nj.us/rtkhsfs/search.aspx. 3 USEPA. 2018. Integrated Risk Information System. Home page. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. Accessed September 2018. http://www.epa.gov/iris/. 4 National Water Quality Monitoring Council. 2018. Water Quality Portal. Accessed February 2018. https://www.waterqualitydata.us/. 5 U.S. EPA. 2018. Toxic Release Inventory Explorer. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxic Release Inventory Program. Accessed February 2018. https://iaspub.epa.gov/triexplorer/tri_release.chemical. 6 USEPA. 2000. Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (2000). EPA-822-B-00-004. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC. Accessed February 2015. http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/upload/2005_05_06_criteria_humanhealth_method_complete.pdf. 7 USEPA. 2015. Update of Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria: Anthracene 120-12-7. EPA 820-R-15-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC.
Input Parameters 6,7 Value
Body Weight (BW) 80 kg
Drinking Water Intake (DI) 2.4 L/d
Fish Consumption Rate (FCR) (Total) 0.0220 kg/d
Target excess lifetime cancer risk 0.00001
Reference Dose (RfD) 0.3 mg/kg-day
Cancer Slope Factor (CSF) ---
Relative Source Contribution (RSC) 0.20
Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) 610 L/kg
NEW HHC VALUES Chemical Name CAS
Water + Organism
(µg/L)
Organism Only
(µg/L)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane 79-00-5 5.5 89
1,1-Dichloroethylene 75-35-4 300 20000
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 120-82-1 0.71 0.76
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 95-50-1 1000 3000
1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 99 6500
1,2-Dichloropropane 78-87-5 9 310
1,2-Trans-Dichloroethylene 156-60-5 100 4000
1,3-Dichloropropene 542-75-6 2.7 120
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 300 900
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95-95-4 300 600
2,4-Dimethylphenol 105-67-9 100 3000
2,4-Dinitrotoluene 121-14-2 0.49 17
2-Chloronaphthalene 91-58-7 800 1000
4,4'-DDE 72-55-9 0.00018 0.00018
Acenaphthene 83-32-9 70 90
alpha-BHC 319-84-6 0.0036 0.0039
Anthracene 120-12-7 300 400
Antimony 77440-36-0 5 600
Benzo (a) Pyrene 50-32-8 0.0012 0.0013
Benzo (b) Fluoranthene 205-99-2 0.012 0.013
beta-Endosulfan 33213-65-9 20 40
Bis(2-Chloro-1-Methylethyl) Ether 108-60-1 200 4000
Bromoform 75-25-2 70 1200
Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 100 800
Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-1 8 210
Chrysene 218-01-9 1.2 1.3
Dinitrophenols 25550-58-7 10 1000
Fluoranthene 206-44-0 20 20
Fluorene 86-73-7 50 70
Heptachlor Epoxide 1024-57-3 0.00032 0.00032
Isophorone 78-59-1 340 18000
Manganese 7439-96-5 50 100
Methyl Bromide 74-83-9 100 10000
Methylene Chloride 75-09-2 40 3000
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 10 600
Pyrene 129-00-0 20 30
Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 3 30
Vinyl Chloride 75-01-4 0.22 16
UPDATED VALUES FOR OKLAHOMA HHC CURRENTLY IN
APPENDIX G Chemical Name CAS
Water + Organism
(µg/L)
Organism Only
(µg/L)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 71-55-6 12,000 180,000
4,4'-DDD 72-54-8 0.0012 0.0012
4,4'-DDT 50-29-3 0.0003 0.0003
Acrolein 107-02-8 3 400
Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 0.61 70
Aldrin 309-00-2 0.0000077 0.0000077
Benzene 71-43-2 3 90
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate 117-81-7 3.2 3.7
Butylbenzyl Phthalate 85-68-7 1 1
Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 4 50
Chlordane 57-74-9 0.0031 0.0032
Chloroform 67-66-3 60 2000
Dichlorobromomethane 75-27-4 9.5 270
Dieldrin 60-57-1 0.000012 0.000012
Diethyl Phthalate 84-66-2 600 600
Dimethyl Phthalate 131-11-3 2000 2000
Di-n-Butyl Phthalate 84-74-2 20 30
Endrin 72-20-8 0.03 0.03
Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 68 130
gamma-BHC 58-89-9 4.2 4.4
Heptachlor 76-44-8 0.000059 0.000059
Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 0.00079 0.00079
Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 0.3 0.4
Phenol 108-95-2 4,000 300,000
Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 30 70
Toluene 108-88-3 57 520
Proposed
Selenium Aquatic Life Criterion
Informal Stakeholder Meeting
October 10, 2018
How does Se enter the environment?
Naturally occurring mineral Enters the environment through weathering
Various anthropogenic pathways surface mining, irrigated agriculture, point sources
How Does Se Affect Aquatic Life?
Essential nutrient in small amounts
Toxic at higher concentrations
Bioaccumulates through the food chain
Chronic exposure causes:
Reproductive impairments
Adverse affects to growth
Juvenile Mortality
• Current Criteria Both Chronic (5 ug/L) and Acute (20 ug/L) (1999) • Fish Tissue Criterion
– Expressed as a steady state – Supersede water quality criteria when both criteria are available
• Lotic water criterion Only – Based on dissolved total selenium in water and are derived from fish tissue values via
bioaccumulation modeling – No lentic water criterion
• Option for Site Specific Criteria Development
Three Criterion Expressions
Two Media
One Criterion
Chronic Criterion for
Selenium
Fish Tissue Based
Fish Whole Body
8.5 mg/kg
instantaneous maximium
(not to be exceeded)
Fish Muscle
13.1 mg/kg I
nstantaneous maximium
(not to be exceeded)
Water Based
Lotic Water
3.1 ug/L, 30-day average
Not more than one exceedance in three years
on the average
Implementation in Permits
Does selenium water chemistry demonstrate
reasonable potential (RP) to exceed the criterion?
If yes , WQBEL based on water chemistry
criterion.
OR, evaluate fish tissue to determine the
necessity of a WQBEL.
If fish criterion exceeded, WQBEL based on water chemistry
criterion.
Fish and effluent quality monitoring required as a part of
permit.
If fish criterion not exceeded, WQBEL not required.
Fish and effluent quality monitoring required as a part of permit. (not to
exceed tissue requirement—one and done)
If fish criterion exceeded, WQBEL
based on water chemistry criterion.
If no, WQBEL not required.
RP evaluated at each permit cycle.
If no, but selenium water and/or fish flesh criteria impaired.
WQBEL is not required.
Permit must assure that discharge is not causing or contributing to impairment
New Section in Chapter 46: 785:46-5-10 Fish not required to conduct RP WQBEL based on water not Fish Monitoring Requirements Termination of Monitoring Requirements
Implementation in Assessment
Does fish tissue selenium concentration exceed fish
tissue criterion (single exceedance)?
If yes, waterbody is impaired for selenium.
Supersedes chemistry decision.
If no, waterbody is not impaired for selenium.
Supersedes chemistry decision.
Does dissolved water selenium concentration exceed water chemistry
criterion based on USAP for chronic criteria?
If yes, waterbody is impaired for selenium. (Confirm fish
pre-TMDL)
May be superseded by fish tissue result
If no, waterbody is not impaired.
May be superseded by fish tissue result.
Requires Chapter 46 Revisions:
o Default Protocols 785:46-15-4
o FWP Toxicants 785:46-15-4 (c)
New Fish Tissue Monitoring Section
• 785:46-14
• Provide reference back to guidance
• Minimum requirements Composite Tissue Samples – Preferred fish species
– Index Period
– Fish all of same species
– Minimum # of individuals, all of same approximate age
• Sections for fish tissue studies to implement: – Permits
– Monitoring and Assessment
•
Applicability of New Selenium Criterion
• High selenium is correlated to high salinity
• Oklahoma has areas of high naturally occurring surface water selenium
• Investigating excluding from the new rulemaking parts of Upper Red River and Upper Arkansas River Basins
• Would retain the current chronic criterion
• Would initiate a regionally specific study
Questions & Discussion
Revisions to Use Support
Assessment Protocols
Use Support Assessment Protocols
• 785:46-15
• Proposed changes related to the newly proposed selenium criteria
• Minimum number of samples (date requirements section)
• Protocol for determining nutrient threatened status in streams and rivers
Use Support Assessment Protocols • 785:46-15
• Proposed changes related to the newly proposed selenium criteria (785:46-15-3&4&5) – Data requirements
– Assessment protocol
• Minimum number of samples (date requirements section) (785:46-15-3(d)) – Condensed repeated language
– Clarified language surrounding aggregated data
– Added statement on N required for calculated endpoints
• Protocol for determining nutrient threatened status in streams and rivers (785:46-15-10(b)) – Added term “mean” to both nutrient and turbidity language
WQS Variance & Site
Specific Criteria
WQS Variance A time-limited beneficial use and criterion:
For a specific pollutant
From a specific source or for a specific waterbody
Reflects the highest attainable condition for a
specific time period
A regulatory tool that allows progress toward
attaining a beneficial use and criterion that is not
currently attained.
WQS Variance A tool for permitting and 401 certification
WQS Variance Provides legal bridge between WQS & permitting
Less stringent WQBEL
Incremental water quality improvements
Specified period of time
Comply with all existing permitting regulations
Variance is a water quality standard and requires
review and approval by EPA
WQS Variance OK WQS include option for variance (785:45-5-4(e))
So restrictive it becomes ineffective tool
Limited to HHC in Appendix G only
May not exceed 3 years, no renewal allowed
Facility and receiving water specific only
Federal WQS regulations were revised for variances in
2015 (40 CFR 131.14)
Provides a better defined pathway and expectations for states to
use WQS variances
Intent of revision is to create the possibility for WQS
variance to be an effective tool to improve water quality in
Oklahoma.
Site Specific Criteria States have the authority to adopt criteria that are modified
to reflect site-specific conditions.
Site-specific criteria are developed to protect beneficial
uses at a particular site while addressing the site’s unique
physical, chemical or biological conditions.
OK WQS include option for site-specific criteria
785:45-5-4(g)
Appendix E
Revision intends to provide clarity and increase
accessibility to developing site-specific criteria across
parameters
Draft Language Water quality standards variance and site-
specific criteria draft language
785:45-5-5
785:45-5-7
See handout
Staff Contact Information Monty Porter: 405-530-8933, [email protected]
Rebecca Veiga Nascimento: 405-530-8952,
Jade Jones: 405-530-8934, [email protected]
Questions
{
DEQ Proposed 2018 Updates to OAC 785:45 Appendix H
DEQ, Land Protection Division
DEQ’s requested changes:
Corrected legal description for Sand Springs Petrochemical Complex
Add additional information within the Agency column
NE
SAND SPRINGS PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX - CORRECT THE QUARTER-SECTION; - ADD “LAND PROTECTION DIVISION”
Land Protection Division
Sand Springs Petrochemical Complex - Correct the quarter-section
Questions
