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OLD REGIME RUSSIA
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Land of contradictions
Huge empire
Situated in both “West” & “East”
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Land of contradictions
Great power
Great poverty & underdevelopment
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Land of contradictions
Primarily agrarian society
Beginning to modernize & industrialize
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Land of contradictions
Elite (@ 1%) controlled everything
Majority of population (over 80%) = peasants
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Land of contradictions
Elite lived in great wealth & opulence
Majority lived in poverty
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Land of contradictions
Great culture & thought
Produced some of world’s greatest artists, writers, thinkers, scientists
LEV TOLSTOY
ANNA PAVLOVA
PETR TCHAIKOVSKY
MARC CHAGALL
IVAN PAVLOV
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Began late, but steady growth
But still lagged behind West
Industrialization & rise of capitalism
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Russia’s divergent path
Pervasive state control of economy
Strict autocratic control of political system
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Role of the Church
Propped up autocracy
Subordinate to government
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
The Multi-National Empire
Hundreds of different ethnic groups
Often chafed under Russian control
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Communal Nature
Focus of life for most:
•Family
•Village
•Commune (OBSHCHINA or MIR)
OLD REGIME RUSSIA
Great population growth
1861 = 73 million
1897 = 125 million
1917 = 170 million
Placed great strain on land/resources