OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode)

Submitted by :Udbhav Maheshwari

CONTENT Introduction Generation History Advantages Disadvantages Working & Architecture Types Current Research Application Future Use

What is an OLED?

OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode

An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compounds.

GENERATION

History of OLEDs• First developed in the early 1950s in France

•In 1987 Chin Tang and Van Slyke introduced the first light emitting diodes from thin organic layers. 

•In 1990 electroluminescence in polymers was discovered. 

Advantages of OLEDs

• Much faster response time

• Consume significantly less energy

• Wider viewing angles

• Thinner display

• Better contrast ratio

• Safer for the environment

 

Disadvantages of OLEDs• Cost to manufacture is high

• Constraints with lifespan 

• Easily damaged by water

• Limited market availability         

CRT Working

Plasma and LCD Working

LED Working

Architecture of OLEDs• Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) - supports the OLED. • Anode (transparent) - removes electrons

• Organic layer: o Conducting layer :- transport

"holes" from the anode. ( polyaniline ).

o Emissive layer :- transport electrons from the cathode; this is where light is made. (polyfluorene. )

 

• Cathode - injects electrons.

Working of OLEDs

Types of OLEDsPMOLEDs• The organic layer is between

strips of cathode and anode that run perpendicular

• The intersections form the pixels•  Easy to make• Use more power• Best for small screens

AMOLEDs• Full layers of cathode and

anode•  Anode over lays a thin film

transistor (TFT)• Requires less power• Higher refresh rates• Suitable for large screens

Current Research for OLEDs• Manufacturers focusing on finding a

cheap way to produceo "Roll-to-Roll" Manufacturing

• Increasing efficiency of blue luminance        •   Boosting overall lifespan

Applications of OLEDs

• TVs• Cell Phone screens • Computer Screens• Keyboards (Optimus Maximus)• Lights• Portable Divice displays

OLEDs as a Light Source

OLED Televisions

• Released XEL-1 in February 2009. • First OLED TV sold in stores.• 11'' screen, 3mm thin• $2,500 MSRP • Weighs approximately 1.9 kg • Wide 178 degree viewing angle• 1,000,000:1 Contrast ratio

Sony

Future Uses for OLEDLighting• Flexible / bendable lighting• Wallpaper lighting defining new ways to light a space• Transparent lighting doubles as a window

 Cell Phones• Nokia 888

    

Future Uses for OLEDTransparent Car Navigation System on Windshield• Using Samsungs' transparent OLED technology• Heads up display • GPS system 

   Scroll Laptop• Nokia concept OLED Laptop

   

References• http://impnerd.com/the-history-and-future-of-oled• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_light-emitting_diode• http://www.oled-research.com/oleds/oleds-history.html• http://www.voidspace.org.uk/technology/

top_ten_phone_techs.shtml#keep-your-eye-on-flexible-displays-coming-soon

• http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/news.phtml/23150/24174/samsung-say-oled-not-ready.phtml

• http://www.cepro.com/article/study_future_bright_for_oled_lighting_market/

• http://www.technologyreview.com/energy/21116/page1/ • http://optics.org/cws/article/industry/37032 • http://jalopnik.com/5154953/samsung-transparent-oled-display-

pitched-as-automotive-hud • http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/oled.htm