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On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under...

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On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the index and read
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Page 1: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED.

On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the index and read pages listed.

Page 2: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Methods ofMethods of

Reproduction:Reproduction:

Sexual and AsexualSexual and Asexual

Page 3: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Asexual Reproduction: • requires only 1 parent • offspring are exact copy of the parent: a clone• No genetic variety in the population: organisms

are “copies” of the original.

Page 4: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Types of asexual reproduction:

• Binary fission• Budding• Fragmentation/Regeneration• Spore formation• Parthenogenesis

Assexual rep. 2.4 min

Page 5: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Binary fission

• divide into two equal halves • Single cell organisms• examples: Amoeba,

paramecium, euglena• binary fission bacteria

Page 6: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

• When conditions are good, such as plenty of water, food, right temperatures, etc., binary fission is a very effective way of producing many, many offspring.

• For example, the cell of a Paramecium can divide, grow, and divide again in the space of 8 hours.

Page 7: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Budding

offspring

Cactus Budding

• an offspring grows out of the body of the parent.

• Offspring smaller than parent cellbudding yeast

Hydra Budding yeast

Page 9: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Green plants are quite sophisticated in their methods of asexual reproduction. Offspring may be produced by runners,

bulbs, rhizomes or tubers.

runners Suckers/buds tubers

Page 10: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Spore Formation

• spores grow into multicellular individuals• Examples: Algae, fungi• mushroom spores

Page 11: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Parthenogenesis (natural cloning)• Eggs develop without fertilization.• Examples: invertebrates, several fish,

amphibians, reptiles, many plants. • no known cases of parthenogenesis in mammals.• comodo dragon

Page 12: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Sexual Reproduction

• Needs 2 parents: – male and female – Gametes (sex cells: egg and sperm)

• Egg joins sperm to form zygote (new organism)• Offspring are different from parent • Diversity because of exchange of genetic

material in meiosis• Genetic variation improves survival (evolution)

Page 13: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Sexual Reproduction:

Page 14: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Types of sexual reproduction:

• Pollination• External Fertilization• Internal Fertilization/Copulation• Hermaphroditism

Page 15: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

• pollen attaches to female egg, found in stigma.

• Pollen is male sex cells in plants. Found in flower’s anthers.

Pollination

Page 16: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

External Fertilization• requires a medium (water): sperms swim to

the egg cell. • fish and amphibians• females lay the eggs in the water and the

male squirts the sperm in the same area.oscar fish oscar fry

Page 17: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Internal Fertilization• Fertilization occurs within the female.• mammals, insects, birds, reptiles.

– Mammals have live births– Insects, birds, reptiles, lay eggs

Page 18: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Hermaphroditism

• organisms have both reproductive organs: ovarian and testicular tissue

Example: snails, starfish, sand dollar, worms, seahorses, grouper, sea bass

Page 19: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction• Asexual

– Mitosis generates cells– Somatic cells (ex.: skin cells) or unicellular organisms– offspring that are genetically identical to the parent– Needs 1 parent.

• Sexual – Meiosis generates sex cells– Sex cells or gametes (sperm and egg)– offspring is genetically different from parent – Needs 2 parents (male and female)

Page 20: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Asexual ReproductionAdvantages:1. large number of offspring2. less energy 3. No sex organs or opposite sex partners

Disadvantages:1. No genetic variation 2. Less likely to survive changes in environment (evolution)3. No protection of young decreases survival

Page 21: On a blank piece of paper, write down everything that is in RED. On your textbook, look under “asexual reproduction”, and “sexual reproduction” on the.

Sexual ReproductionAdvantages:1. genetic diversity 2. More chances to survive changes in environment (evolve)3. Caring for young increases survival

Disadvantages:1. reproduce less frequently & have fewer offspring 2. More energy to protect and nurture offspring 3. Non-nurturers leave offspring vulnerable to predators


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