OnapieceofA3paper,youneedtosplititinhalf,onehalfforTreatments,onehalfforpreventions.
RenaissanceTreatments RenaissancePreventions
Aswegothroughthislesson,you’regoingtohearfromsomeRenaissancecharacterswhowilltellyouabouttreatmentsandpreventions,yourjobistonotetheirideasdownwithpicturesfortheilliteratepeopleofthetime!Eg…
Idea 1: Transference –you could transfer your illness onto a vegetable
TreatmentsImportanttonotebeforelookingintoRenaissance
Treatments…
Westillbelievethatanimbalanceinourhumourscausesillness,soour
treatmentsstillfocusonrebalancingthem!Disappointingwe
know!...
TreatmentsIdea1:Transference
Onecansimplytransferyourillnessordiseasefromyou,to
somethingelse!
Simple!Youmightrubanoniononyourwartsandyourwartswilltransfertotheonion!
Howmightthiswork?
ChangeorContinuity?
TreatmentsIdea2:HerbalRemedies
Werelyheavilyonherbalremedies,they’veworkedforyears!Wedohavethisnewidea
thoughinvolvingcoloursoftheherbs.
Whatdoyouthinkthisideais?Obvious,ifyoursymptomisred,like
smallpox,we’lltreatyouwitharedcure,likedrinkingredwine,eatingredfoodsandwearingredclothes!Ifyoursymptomis
yellow,likejaundice,thenayellowherbsuchasradishorsaffron.
ChangeorContinuity?
TreatmentsIdea2:HerbalRemedies
WhileI’mhere,youshouldprobablyknowthatwedohavealoadofnewherbsthattheMiddleAgesdidn’thavebecauseofour
explorationoftheNewWorld!
WhatistheNewWorld?Thesenewherbsareopeningawholeloadofnewopportunities.WenowhavesarsparillatotreattheGreatPox(Syphilis),IpecacfortreatingDysentery,CinchonabarkfromPerutotreatMalaria,afavouriteofSydenham!
ChangeorContinuity?
Othernewarrivals:Tea,coffee,nutmeg,cinnamonandtobacco
TreatmentsIdea3:ChemicalCures
Medicalchemistryisalltheragethesedays,scientistsareworkingonchemical
treatmentsinsteadofbleedingandherbs!Weusealotofmercuryandantimonythese
days,asitpromotessweating!
Whyissweatingsoimportant?Simple!Itcoolsthebodydown!Sameideaas
purgingreally,wethinkitremovestheillness!Alotofantimonycanleadto
vomiting.Pleasedon’tthinkwegivethesepoisonspure,theyarecompounds,safer!
ChangeorContinuity?
TreatmentsIdea3:ChemicalCures
Syphilis(GreatPox)
Preventions
Clearly,preventingdiseaseinthefirstplaceisstillthebestwayforward!Ifyoudon’twanttodie,
don’tgetsick,simple!
ChangeorContinuity?
PreventionsIdea1:Moderation
Remainmoderateinallthatyoudo,avoiddraughts,exhaustion,richandfattyfoods,toomuchstrongalcohol,ohanddon’tbe
lazy!
Also,ifyou'rebornsmallandweak,you’llprobablygetill
laterinlife!ChangeorContinuity?
Whatcouldapersongettohelpwiththis?
RegimenSanitatis
PreventionsIdea2:Cleanliness
Yourhomeandbodyshouldbecleanandfreefrombadsmells,youknowthedrill!
CleanlinessisnexttoGodliness!
Although,we’renotusingthepublicbathssomuchthesedayssincesyphilis
arrived!
ChangeorContinuity?
Wasitthebathsthatspreadsyphilisorthefactthebathhousesbecamebrothels?
PreventionsIdea2:Cleanliness
Homeownersarenowfinedfornotcleaningthestreets
outsidetheirhomes.
Projectsaresetuptodrainswampsandbogs.
Minorcriminalswillbesetthetaskofremovingsewageandpickinguprubbishfromthestreetsasapunishment
ChangeorContinuity?
Whataretheseideasdealingwith?
PreventionsIdea3:Avoidance
Ifyoucan,thebestwaytopreventsicknessistomoveawayfromaninfectedarea!
Avoidcertainweatherconditionstoo!Scientistshavecomeupwiththesenewthermometersandbarometers,theyare
checkingtoseeifthereisalinkbetweenweatherand
outbreaks
ChangeorContinuity?
Change&ContinuitySummary:
UseyourStructureStriptohelpyou
WhatoptionwerethereforcareintheRenaissance?
YouhaveasheetthathasalloftheinformationforcareintheRenaissanceperiod.
Youneedtoreadthroughthissheetdecidingiftheseshowchangeorcontinuity
Change Continuity
MedicalCare
Apothecary
• MixingherbsandremediesWhatnewherbsmighttheRenaissanceapothecarynowhavetomix?
• Apothecarieshadanapprenticewhowouldlearnfromthemasterandonedayopenhisownapothecary
• Neededalicencetopracticetheirtrade
• Medicalchemistrymeanttheapothecaryneededbettertraining
• Providedservicesforthepoor
BarberSurgeon
• Carryoutsimplesurgery• Educationandpractiseincreasedduetowarsbeingfoughtwithnewweapons,leadingtonewwounds
• Apprenticeshipsavailabletolearnfromthemaster
• Licenceneededtopracticetheirtrade• Providedservicesforthepoor
Physician
“I’dratherhavetheadviceortakemedicinefromanexperiencedoldwoman,whohadbeenatmanysickpeople’sbedsides,thanfromthemostlearnedbutunexperiencedphysician”ThomasHobbesc.late1600s Whatcanyouinferfromthis?
• Trainedatuniversities• Somenewideas,butslowtotakeeffect• AnatomyandMedicalChemistrylearnt• MostlecturesfrombooksandinLatin• Physiciansinspiredbynewfindingsandideas– Vesalius&
Harvey
• Littlehandsontraining,difficulttogetfreshcorpses• BetteraccesstoMedicaltextbooksandcheaper– PrintingPress
• Manyoutofwork(duetoprotestantchurchesbeingplain)artistscoulddrawforthetestbooks
Hospitals
• Recordsshowpatientswithwoundsandcurablediseaseswereadmittedanddischarged– suggestingtheygotbetter
• Agooddietprovided
• Avisitfromaphysiciantwiceadayobservingandprescribingtreatment
• Medicationgiven– manyhospitalshadtheirownapothecaryorpharmacy
• HenryVIII’sdissolutionofthemonasteriesdramaticallychangedavailabilityofhospitalcareinEngland– Why?• Medievalhospitalswereattachedtothemonasteriesandranbymonksand
nuns• St.Bartholomew'sinLondononlysurvivedbecauseHenryVIIIfundedit
himself• Smallcharityhospitalssetupbutittooktimetogetasmanyasbefore
PestHousesWhatisapesthouse?
• SpecialisedinaparticulardiseasePlaguehousesandPoxhouses
• VersionsofthesehadbeenaroundinMiddleAgescalledLazarhousesforleprosy
• Providedbecauseagrowingunderstandingthatdiseasecouldbespreadfrompersontoperson,justnothow!
• Alternativefromhospitalsthatdidnotadmitcontagiousdiseases
PestHouses
St.PaulsCathedral
convertedintoaPestHouseduringthe
GreatPlague1665,aswellasmanyotheroutbreaksin
London
CommunityCare
• Mostcaredforathome
• Plentyofpeopleintheclosecommunitiestoofferadviceandmixremedies
• Womenplayedamajorroleincaring
• Poorwomenmadeupsimpleremediestopurge,andwereverypopular,probablybecausetheywerecheaper
• Poorwomenworkedinthebigcitiestosupporttheirfamilies.Theywereoftenprosecutedfornothavingalicence