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On-Demand Mobile FuelingAndrew Henning Andrew Klein
Supervising Deputy State Fire Marshal Principal
CAL FIRE A S Klein Engineering
Lynne Kilpatrick
Fire Marshal
Sunnyvale Public Safety Department
2017 NFPA Conference & Expo
Agenda
• Overview of Mobile Fueling
• Code Changes – Industry and Fire Service Discussion
• Future of Mobile Fueling
On‐Demand Mobile Fueling
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Overview of Mobile Fueling
On‐Demand Mobile Fueling
• Emerging industry that delivers gasoline to parked vehicles
• User orders service through smartphone app
• Customers can order from 10 gallons to a full tank
• Service can range from residential neighborhoods to business parks
What is Mobile Fueling
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• Video
How Mobile Fueling Works
Business Models‐ Tank Vehicle
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Business Models‐ Pickups with Container(s)
Business Models‐ Pickups with Container(s)
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Business Models‐ Safety Cans
2015 International Fire Code 5706.5.4.5 Commercial, industrial, governmental or manufacturing. Dispensing of Class II and III motor vehicle fuel from tank vehicles into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles located at commercial, industrial, governmental or manufacturing establishments is allowed…
2015 edition NFPA 30A 9.6 Refueling from Tank Vehicles. The dispensing of Class I and Class II liquids in the open from a tank vehicle to a motor vehicle located at commercial, industrial, governmental, or manufacturing establishments and intended for fueling vehicles used in connection with their businesses…
Current Codes
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• The California Office of the State Fire Marshal (OSFM) became aware of the industry in 2015
• Industry and AHJs contacting the OSFM for direction
• Multiple companies were operating in the San Francisco Bay and Los Angeles area
• OSFM felt this was a national issue and should be solved at the national level
• Code change proposals were submitted to ICC and NFPA
Beginnings of Mobile Fueling Code Change
• The Working Group was formed to generate a public comment for the IFC proposal that would be supported by the fire service and industry
• A diverse group of industry and AHJs were invited to participate
• AHJs and industry were very divided on how to allow mobile fueling
• The draft public comment was then vetted out to national partners for input.
• Needed a national code change, not California specific
OSFM Working Group
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Vehicle Inspections
Issues not Addressed
Environmental Protection
Weights and Measurements
Code Requirements –Industry and Fire Service Perspectives
On‐Demand Mobile Fueling
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New Code Sections:
International Fire Code• New Section 5707 for 2018 edition
What’s New?
NFPA 30A- Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages• New Chapter 14 for 2017 edition
Fueling vehicles allowed:
• Tank vehicles and vehicles with chassis-mounted cargo tanks (>110 gallons) in accordance with NFPA 385
• Vehicles with chassis-mounted containers each <110 gallons
Aggregate quantity not to exceed 1200 gallons
Comply with local, state and federal regulations (DOT)
Fueling Methods
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Portable containers allowed:
• Listed metal safety-can (UL 30) or other approved metal container
• 5 gallons (20 L) max individual capacity
• Vehicle max - 60 gallons aggregate
Exception for emergency and personal fueling (road side assistance)
Fueling Methods
• Fueling prohibited on public streets, public ways, in buildings and parking garages including top level
• AHJ authorized to further restrict/limit locations
• 25 foot separation from property lines, buildings and combustible storage; reduced distance allowed for portable containers
Differences between NFPA and IFC:
• Fuel vehicle parking prohibited on public streets, public ways, inside buildings and parking garages (NFPA 30A)
• Property owner approval required (NFPA 30A)
• Storm Drain Offset- 25 feet (IFC) / 15 feet (NFPA 30A) or an approved cover
Allowable Fueling Locations
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EV Charging Stations
Electrical Devices Offset
Light Poles
• Dispensing hose listed and not to exceed 50 feet in length
• Listed and approved nozzle
• Fuel limit switch- 30 gallons
• Fire extinguisher required
• Spill kit
Differences between NFPA and IFC:
• Listed break-away device at nozzle (NFPA 30A)
• Pump listed to UL 79 / Meter listed to UL 25 (NFPA 30A)
• Nozzle automatic closing-type with latch open device (NFPA 30A)
• Fire extinguisher size
Vehicle Equipment
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• Vehicle – brakes set and emergency flashers
• Emergency vehicle access roads- cannot block
• Ignition Sources
• Constantly attended
• Metal safety cans shall be secured to vehicle
• Dispensing hose – approved reel or compartment
Administrative Controls
Differences between NFPA and IFC:
• Nighttime operations restricted (NFPA 30A)
• Bonding requirement (NFPA 30A)
• Safety cones or barriers (NFPA 30A)
• Tank expansion space (NFPA 30A)
• Dispensing hose – approved reel or compartment (IFC)
• Drip pan or absorbent pillow (IFC)
Administrative Controls(continued)
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• Permit and approval required
• Operational Permit
o Safety and emergency response plan
o Training records
o Zoning
• Site Permit (Where required by the fire code official)
Permits
Future of Mobile Fueling
On‐Demand Mobile Fueling
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• Code change was baseline and may need work as we learn more about the industry and applying the code
• Hydrogen mobile fueling
• Marine fueling
Future of Mobile Fueling
Future of Mobile Fueling
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Questions?
Thank you!
On‐Demand Mobile Fueling
CEUs: To receive CEUs for this session, scan yourbadge at the back of the room before leaving
Evaluation: Complete a session evaluation on the mobile app. (Search app store for ‘NFPA 2017 C&E.’)
Handouts: Handouts will be available via the mobile app and at nfpa.org/conference
Recordings: Audio recordings of all sessions will be available free of charge via NFPA Xchange.
2017 NFPA Conference & Expo
NFPA 30A proposal 9.6 Refueling from Tank Vehicles. The dispensing of Class I and Class II liquids in the open from a tank vehicle to a motor vehicle located at commercial, industrial, governmental, or manufacturing establishments and intended for fueling vehicles used in connection with their businesses shall be permitted only if all of the requirements of 9.6.1 through 9.6.9 have been met. 1.1 This code shall apply to motor fuel dispensing facilities, motor fuel dispensing at farms and isolated construction sites, and on-demand mobile fueling. Chapter 14 On-Demand Mobile Fueling 14.1* Scope. This chapter shall apply to the retail practice of fueling motor vehicles of the general public while the owner’s vehicle is parked and might be unattended. A.14.1 This section addresses mobile refueling activities governed by NFPA 30A. Other local, state, and federal requirements may be applicable. 14.1.1 This chapter shall not apply to the following:
1. Refueling from tank vehicles at commercial, industrial, governmental, or manufacturing establishments in accordance with Section 9.6.
2. Fueling from portable containers in cases of an emergency or for personal use. 14.1.2 The dispensing of Class I and Class II liquids from a mobile fueling vehicle or metal safety cans into the fuel tank of a motor vehicle shall be permitted only if all of the requirements of 14.2 through 14.4 have been met. 14.2 Approvals and Mobile Fueling Locations. 14.2.1 Mobile fueling operations shall not be conducted unless approved by the authority having jurisdiction and the owner of the property on which the fueling will occur. Mobile fueling operations shall occur only at approved locations. 14.2.2* The authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to require a safety and emergency response plan for locations where mobile fueling is authorized. When required the safety and emergency response plan shall be available on each mobile fueling vehicle. A.14.2.2 The safety and emergency response plan is intended to be completed, maintained and updated by the mobile fueling operator to help ensure that fueling operations are
conducted in a safe manner that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. Such a plan might include some or all of the following elements:
1. Written safety and emergency response plan that establishes policies and procedures for fire safety, spill prevention and control, personnel training and compliance with other applicable requirements of this code.
2. When required by the authority having jurisdiction, a site plan for each location at which mobile fueling occurs. The site plan should be in sufficient detail to indicate all buildings, structures, lot lines, property lines, and appurtenances on site and their use or function; all uses adjacent to the lot lines of the site; fueling locations, the locations of all storm drain openings, and adjacent waterways or wetlands; information regarding slope, natural drainage, curbing, impounding and how a spill will be retained upon the site property; and the scale of the site plan.
3. If the authority having jurisdiction does not require site plans of approved fueling locations, the safety and emergency response plan should include guidelines for locations within the jurisdiction where mobile fueling can and cannot be provided, such as on residential streets, on school grounds, etc.
14.2.3* Mobile fueling vehicle operators shall possess evidence of training on proper fueling procedures and the safety and emergency response plan. A.14.2.3 In addition to any other training, education, and certifications which may be required by Federal Regulations and HAZCOM, the operator should also be trained on the requirements of this code. 14.2.3.1 The vehicle operator training shall be approved by the AHJ. 14.2.4 Mobile fueling shall not take place within 7.6 m (25 ft) of buildings, property lines, or combustible storage. The authority having jurisdiction is authorized to decrease separation distances for mobile fueling from metal safety cans. 14.2.5 An approved storm drain cover or equivalent method that will prevent any fuel from reaching the drain shall be used when mobile fueling occurs within 7.6 m (25 ft) of a storm drain. 14.2.6 Mobile fueling and delivery vehicle parking shall be prohibited in buildings, in covered parking structures, on public streets, and on public ways. 14.3 Mobile Fueling Vehicles and Equipment. 14.3.1* Mobile fueling vehicles shall comply with all applicable local, state and federal requirements and shall be one of the following:
1. A tank vehicle complying with NFPA 385 with chassis mounted tanks that do not exceed an aggregate capacity of 4542 L (1200 gal). 2. A vehicle with chassis mounted tanks each of which shall not exceed 415 L (110 Gal), that does not exceed an aggregate capacity of 4542 L (1200 gal). 3. A vehicle that carries a maximum of 227 L (60 gal) of motor fuel in listed metal safety cans not to exceed 20 L (5.3 gal) in capacity.
A.14.3.1 In addition to the requirements in this section, mobile fueling vehicles should comply with all applicable local, state and federal requirements, including DOT requirements for vehicles used to transport gasoline and diesel fuel. 14.3.2 Dispensing hose assemblies shall be listed and the hose shall not exceed 15 m (50 ft) in length. 14.3.3 A listed break-away device shall be provided at the nozzle. 14.3.4 Dispensing nozzles shall be a listed, automatic closing–type with a latch-open device 14.3.5 A listed fuel shutoff switch and a listed shutoff valve assembly shall be provided on the delivery vehicle. 14.3.6 The pump shall be listed to UL 79, Power Operated Pumps for Petroleum Dispensing Products 14.3.7 The meter shall be listed to UL 25, Meters for Flammable and Combustible Liquids and LP-Gas 14.3.8 Mobile fueling vehicles shall be provided with a fire extinguisher installed, inspected, and maintained as required by NFPA 10, with a minimum rating of 4A-80 B:C. 14.3.9 Mobile fueling vehicles shall be provided with a minimum 18.9 L (5 gal) spill kit designed to promptly and safely mitigate and dispose of leakage or spills. 14.3.10 NO SMOKING signs shall be prominently displayed on the mobile fueling vehicle. 14.4 Operations. 14.4.1 Nighttime deliveries shall only be made in areas deemed adequately lighted by the authority having jurisdiction. 14.4.2 The mobile fueling vehicle flasher lights shall be in operation while dispensing operations are in progress.
14.4.3 Safety cones or barriers shall be employed to protect the vehicle fueling area. 14.4.4 Expansion space shall be left in each motor vehicle fuel tank to prevent overflow in the event of temperature increase. 14.4.5* A means for bonding the mobile fueling vehicle to the motor vehicle shall be provided. Such bonding means shall be employed during fueling operations. A.14.4.5 The listed hose and nozzle assembly provides for bonding. However, where there is a plastic insert that prohibits an electrical/metallic connection with the customer vehicle while filling, then a separate means of bonding is required. 14.4.6 Sources of ignition shall be controlled in accordance with Section 9.2.5.1. 14.4.7 Mobile fueling vehicles shall be constantly attended during fueling operations, shall not obstruct emergency vehicle access roads, and shall be positioned in a manner to preclude traffic from driving over the dispensing hose. 14.4.8 Operations using Metal Safety Cans. 14.4.8.1 All metal safety cans shall be listed. 14.4.8.2 Metal safety cans shall be secured to the mobile fueling vehicle except when in use. 14.4.8.3 The AHJ shall be permitted to require additional measures in the handling of approved metal safety cans for refueling. Statement: Mobile fueling has been occurring for fleet operations for years. New industries are being established to provide on-demand mobile fueling. AHJs have asked the committee to establish minimum requirements for these operations, so a new chapter has been developed to address this.
Public Comment F386-16 KLEIN-G :
Proponent : Andrew Henning, CAL FIRE - Office of the State Fire Marshal, representingCAL FIRE - Office of the State Fire Marshal ([email protected]); Andrew Klein,Energy Code Specialist, representing Booster Fuels ([email protected]); LynneKilpatrick, Sunnyvale Department of Public Safety, representing California Fire ChiefsAssociation ([email protected]) requests Approve as Modified by this PublicComment.
Replace Proposal as Follows:
2015 International Fire Code SECTION 5707 ON-DEMAND MOBILE FUELING OPERATIONS
5707.1 General. On-demand mobile fueling operations that dispense Class I, II, and III liquidsinto the fuel tanks of motor vehicles shall comply with Sections 5707.1 through 5707.6.3.
Exception: Fueling from an approved portable container in cases of an emergency or forpersonal use.
5707.1.1 Approval required. Mobile fueling operations shall not be conducted without firstobtaining a permit and approval from the fire code official. Mobile fueling operations shall occuronly at approved locations.
5707.2 Mobile fueling vehicle. An on-demand mobile fueling vehicle shall be one of thefollowing:
1. A vehicle that has chassis-mounted tanks or containers where the aggregate cargocapacity does not exceed 1200 gallons (4592 L). A mobile fueling vehicle with amounted tank in excess of 110 gallons (415 L) shall comply with the requirements ofSection 5706.6, Section 5707, and NFPA 385.
2. A vehicle that carries a maximum of 60 gallons (227 L) of motor fuel in metal safetycans listed in accordance with UL 30 or other approved metal containers each not toexceed 5 gallons (19 L) in capacity. Containers shall be secured to the mobilefueling vehicle except when in use.
The mobile fueling vehicle shall comply with the requirements of all local, state and federalrequirements. The mobile fueling vehicle and its equipment shall be maintained in good repair.
5707.3 Required documents. Documents developed to comply with Sections 5707.3.1 through5707.3.3 shall be updated as necessary by the owner of the mobile fueling operation and shall bemaintained in compliance with Section 107.3.
5707.3.1 Safety and emergency response plan. Mobile fueling operators shall have anapproved written safety and emergency response plan that establishes policies and proceduresfor fire safety, spill prevention and control, personnel training and compliance with other applicablerequirements of this code.
5707.3.2 Training records. Mobile fueling vehicles shall be operated only by designatedpersonnel who are trained on proper fueling procedures and the safety and emergency responseplan. Training records of operators shall be maintained.
5707.3.3 Site plan. Where required by the fire code official, a site plan shall be developed foreach location at which mobile fueling occurs. The site plan shall be in sufficient detail to indicate:all buildings, structures, lot lines, property lines, and appurtenances on site and their use orfunction; all uses adjacent to the lot lines of the site; fueling locations, the locations of all stormdrain openings, and adjacent waterways or wetlands; information regarding slope, naturaldrainage, curbing, impounding and how a spill will be retained upon the site property; and thescale of the site plan.
5707.4 Mobile fueling areas. Mobile fueling shall not occur on public streets, public ways, orinside buildings. Fueling on the roof level of parking structures or other buildings is prohibited.
5707.4.1 Separation. Mobile fueling shall not take place within 25 feet (7620 mm) of buildings,property lines, or combustible storage.
Exception: The fire code official shall be authorized to decrease the separation distance fordispensing from metal safety cans or other approved metal containers in accordance withSection 5707.2.
When dispensing operations occur within 15 feet (4572 mm) of a storm drain, an approved stormdrain cover or an approved equivalent method that will prevent any fuel from reaching the drainshall be used.
5707.4.2 Sources of ignition. Smoking, open flames, and other sources of ignition shall beprohibited within 25 feet (7620 mm) of fuel dispensing activities. Signs prohibiting smoking oropen flames within 25 feet (7620 mm) of the vehicle or the point of fueling shall be prominentlyposted on the mobile fueling vehicle. The engines of vehicles being fueled shall be shut off duringfueling.
5707.5 Equipment. Mobile fueling equipment shall comply with Sections 5707.5.1 through5707.5.4.
5707.5.1 Dispensing hoses and nozzles. Where equipped, the dispensing hose shall notexceed 50 feet (15 240 mm) in length. The dispensing nozzles and hoses shall be of anapproved and listed type.
5707.5.2 Fuel limit. Mobile fueling vehicles shall be equipped with a fuel limit switch set to amaximum of 30 gallons (116 L) and a nozzle or other approved device that, when activated,immediately causes flow of fuel from the mobile fueling vehicle to cease.
5707.5.3 Fire extinguisher. An approved portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906with a minimum rating of 40-B:C shall be provided on the mobile fueling vehicle with signageclearly indicating its location.
5707.5.4 Spill kit. Mobile fueling vehicles shall contain a minimum 5 gallon (19 L) spill kit of anapproved type.
5707.6 Operations. Mobile fueling vehicles shall be constantly attended during fuelingoperations with brakes set and warning lights in operation. Mobile fueling vehicles shall notobstruct emergency vehicle access roads.
5707.6.1 Dispensing hose. Where equipped, mobile fueling vehicles shall be positioned in amanner to preclude traffic from driving over the dispensing hose. The dispensing hose shall beproperly placed on an approved reel or in an approved compartment prior to moving the mobilefueling vehicle.
5707.6.2 Drip control. Operators shall place a drip pan or an absorbent pillow under the nozzleto catch drips and under each fuel fill opening prior to and during dispensing operations.
5707.6.3 Spill reporting. Spills shall be reported in accordance with Section 5003.3.1.
105.6.17 Flammable and combustible liquids. An operational permit is required:
1. To use or operate a pipeline for the transportation within facilities of flammable orcombustible liquids. This requirement shall not apply to the off-site transportation inpipelines regulated by the Department of Transportation (DOTn) nor does it apply topiping systems.
2. To store, handle or use Class I liquids in excess of 5 gallons (19 L) in a building or inexcess of 10 gallons (37.9 L) outside of a building, except that a permit is notrequired for the following:
2.1. The storage or use of Class I liquids in the fuel tank of a motor vehicle,aircraft, motorboat, mobile power plant or mobile heating plant, unlesssuch storage, in the opinion of the fire code official, would cause anunsafe condition.
2.2. The storage or use of paints, oils, varnishes or similar flammable mixtureswhere such liquids are stored for maintenance, painting or similarpurposes for a period of not more than 30 days.
3. To store, handle or use Class II or Class IIIA liquids in excess of 25 gallons (95 L) in abuilding or in excess of 60 gallons (227 L) outside a building, except for fuel oil usedin connection with oil-burning equipment.
4. To store, handle or use Class IIIB liquids in tanks or portable tanks for fueling motorvehicles at motor fuel-dispensing facilities or where connected to fuel-burningequipment.
5. Exception: Fuel oil and used motor oil used for space heating or waterheating.
6. To remove Class I or II liquids from an underground storage tank used for fuelingmotor vehicles by any means other than the approved, stationary on-site pumpsnormally used for dispensing purposes.
7. To operate tank vehicles, equipment, tanks, plants, terminals, wells, fuel-dispensingstations, refineries, distilleries and similar facilities where flammable and combustibleliquids are produced, processed, transported, stored, dispensed or used.
8. To place temporarily out of service (for more than 90 days) an underground, protectedabove-ground or above-ground flammable or combustible liquid tank.
9. To change the type of contents stored in a flammable or combustible liquid tank to amaterial that poses a greater hazard than that for which the tank was designed andconstructed.
10. To manufacture, process, blend or refine flammable or combustible liquids.11. To engage in the dispensing of liquid fuels into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles at
commercial, industrial, governmental or manufacturing establishments in accordancewith Section 5706.5.4 or to engage in on-demand mobile fueling operations inaccordance with Section 5707.
12. To utilize a site for the dispensing of liquid fuels from tank vehicles into the fuel tanksof motor vehicles, marine craft and other special equipment at commercial, industrial,governmental or manufacturing establishments in accordance with Section 5706.5.4or, where required by the fire code official, to utilize a site for on-demand mobile
fueling operations in accordance with Section 5707.
Commenter's Reason: This Public Comment is designed to regulate on-demand mobile fueling operations, vehicles and equipment byauthorizing the f ire code off icial to permit operations and individual sites. This Public Comment provides a codecompliant path for on-demand mobile fueling and provides the f ire code off icial the explicit authority to regulate suchoperations w hile leaving current mobile f leet fueling requirements unchanged.
On-demand mobile fueling is an emerging industry that has had signif icant consumer demand both nationally andinternationally. The practice is already occurring—both regulated and unregulated—and codif ication in the nationalcode is imperative to ensure safe, consistent regulation of the operation.
This Public Comment w as developed by the California State Fire Marshal's Off ice Mobile Fueling Task Force - IFCSubgroup, comprised of f ire code off icials, industry stakeholders, and interested parties.
