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On the interaction between intonational prominence and phrasing – evidence from Swedish
Gösta BruceLund University
Sweden
23-04-18 http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/ 2
SIMULEKT
• Simulating intonational varieties of Swedish (SIMULEKT)
• Joint research project Lund - KTH supported by the Swedish Research Council (2007-2009)
• Lund: Gösta Bruce, Susanne Schötz• KTH: Björn Granström, Laura Enflo,
Jonas Beskow
23-04-18 http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/ 3
Goals
• Gain more precise knowledge about the major intonational varieties of Swedish– Our assumption: prosody – fundamental
constituent of distinct native accents of Swedish
• Develop the Swedish prosody model theoretically and experimentally
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Methods
• Analysis and description of recorded speech:– prosodic (tonal and temporal) patterns – coordination of prosody and segmentals
• Simulating prosody using SPEECH SYNTHESIS:– resynthesis of recorded speech – “real” speech synthesis
• Focus on seven main varieties: – South, Göta (West), Svea(East), Dala, Gotland, North,
and Finland Swedish
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Map of Sweden and the Swedish-speaking parts of Finland
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Scandinavian word prosody
• Stress – like in many Germanic languages
• Word accent – in most Scandinavian dialects– stød / non-stød in Danish [dynamic]– accent I / accent II in Norwegian and
Swedish [tonal]
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Word accent types à la Gårding
• FINLAND Swedish (Helsinki)
• SOUTH Swedish (Malmö)
• GOTLAND-DALA Swedish
• SVEA Swedish (Stockholm)
• GÖTA Swedish (Göteborg)
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Geographical distribution of word accent types (SweDia)
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Features of the prosody model
• Word prosody– Timing characteristics of word accents– Pitch patterns of compound / simplex words
• Utterance prosody– Intonational prominence levels– Concatenation patterns
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Utterance intonation
• Intonational prominence levels– clear distinction focal / non-focal accentuation
(= 2 prominence levels)– no clear distinction focal / non-focal accentuation
i.e. equal prominence (= 1 prominence level)
• Concatenation patterns – tonal concatenation between prominent words of a
phrase (pitch patterns of phrasing)
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Patterns of tonal concatenation
high plateau low plateau
upslope downslope
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Comparison Svea & North Swedish
• Main idea of my paper:Two major intonational varieties of a language – Svea and North Swedish – may be superficially similar in terms of (for example) pitch patterns of citation forms of words
but still fundamentally distinct in terms of features of intonational prominence & phrasing
23-04-18 http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/ 13
Two speech databases
• SweDia 2000 (Bank of Sweden, 1998-2003)
≈ 1200 speakers of Swedish from >100 communities (Sweden & Finland)
• elicited and spontaneous speech
• SpeechDat (EU project, reference data for ASR)
≈ 5000 speakers (from all over Sweden)• read, telephone transmitted speech • two prosodically interesting sentences
23-04-18 http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/ 14
SpeechDat
Mobiltelefonen är nittiotalets stora fluga, både bland företagare och privatpersoner
[mʊˈbiːlteleˌfoːnən|eˈnitːiˌtɑːlətsˈstuːɹaˈflʉːɡa‖ˈboːdəblanˈfœːɹəˌtɑːɡaɹəɔpɹiˈvɑːtpəˌʂuːnəɹ]
’The mobile phone is the big hit of the nineties both among business people and private persons’
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Complex phrase: både bland företagare och privatpersoner
North Sw Svea Sw
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Perception test: Background• Svea and North Swedish: similar pitch patterns in citation forms
(accent I och II, focussed)
• Potentially distinct in terms of intonational prominence & phrasing:1. no. of intonational
prominence levels (focal/non-focal accent)
2. patterns of tonal concatenation
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Perception test: Material
• Standard Swedish male speaker
real words reiterant speech
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Perception test: Test design
• Production-based perception test• Computer program (Susanne Schötz) with clickable square on
the screen (Praat script, java) • Cursor positions (x,y) govern 2 stimulus parameters:
– x: no. of intonational prominence levels (Point 1 och 3)– y: patterns of tonal concatenation (Point 2)
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Tonal representation
North SwedishLexical tones
accent I ˈ
L+H
accent II ˈ L+H
acc II comp. ˈ…ˌ L+H
Postlexical tonesinitial boundary Lfinal boundary L
Svea SwedishLexical tones
accent I ˈ
H+L
accent II ˈ H+L
acc II comp. ˈ….ˌ H+L
Postlexical tonesfocal accent Hinitial boundary Lfinal boundary L
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North Swedish
mʊˈbiːlteleˌfoːnən
L (H) L + H L
ˈst uː ɹaˈfl ʉː ɡ a
L + H L + H L
Svea Swedish
mʊˈbiːlteleˌfoːnən
L H + L H L
ˈst uː ɹa ˈfl ʉː ɡ a
H+L H+L H L
Tonal representation: compound & two-word phrase
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Tonal representation: complex phrase
ˈboːdəblanˈfœːɹəˌtɑːɡaɹəɔpɹiˈvɑːtpəˌʂuːnəɹ
L + H L + H L + H L
ˈboːdəblanˈfœːɹəˌtɑːɡaɹəɔpɹiˈvɑːtpəˌʂuːnəɹ
H + L H + L H H + L L
North Swedish
Svea Swedish
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The Swedish intonation model
• Updated and revised (Bruce 2007)– a tentative taxonomy of Swedish intonational varieties:
Intonational variety: South Göta Gotl.-Dala
Svea North Finl.Sw.
Prosodic feature:
Timing characteristics of word accents
late early late early late no distinct.
Pitch patterns of compounds
same same distinct distinct distinct same
Intonational prominence levels
one two one two one one
Concatenation patterns low up down high down down