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One-Child Policy
Wenjia Wang
Who We Are
National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic
of China
Outline Original One-Child Policy Background Goals Trend and Effects Two-Child Policy Goals and Causes Effects Costs and Benefits Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendation
Original One-Child Policy Background Introduced in 1979 Historical SituationChairman Mao’ Population PolicyReform and Opening-up Policy
Original One-Child Policy Why was the policy needed Before the policy, the average amount of
children per women was 6. (overpopulation)The growth rate in 1972 was 24%China has a quarter of the world’s population
but only 7% of the world’s land. The aim is to limit China’s population to 1.2
billion by 2000.
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Original One-Child Policy Administration and
Implementation Regulations include restrictions on family
size, late marriage and childbearing At provincial and county levels devise local
strategies for implementation (for urban residents and government employees;
In rural areas.)
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Original One-child Policy Achievements
Original One-Child Policy Negative Effects Unbalanced sex ratios Changes on Family Structure Speed population aging
Unbalanced Sex Ratios
Changes on Family Structure
Population Aging
Worsening Age Structure
“Four-two-one” problem VS pension system
Two-child Policy Definition
Two-child PolicyDebate Population Explosion Little or No Effect
Two-child Policy
Goals and Causes Balance Sex Ratios Ease Population Aging Balance Family Structure Cost and Benefits Effects
Two-Child Policy
Costs Two-Child policy would potentially bring greater burden on households since the expense to raise children are soaring every year.
Two-Child Policy Benefits Individual: Less Pressure Society: Labor Force
Two-Child Policy Effects: Sex Ratio Lobar Force Releasing Aging Problem Housing
Two-Child Policy Implementation Policy Detail (from “Shuangdu” to “Dandu”) Impact of Marriage Law (obligation on children) Pilot Provinces
Evaluation Healthy population structure
http://investing.calsci.com/blog9-9-09.html
Evaluation Relations with GDP
Evaluation Relation with education level of women
(data from the UDHS 2006)
http://www.zhihu.com/question/21908793
Conclusion & Recommendation
Conclusion It needs to implement two-child
policy to ease the aging society pressure, balance
the sex ratios and have a health population structure;
no worry about boost of fertility rate
Conclusion & RecommendationRecommendation
Relief living pressure for young couples
Giving Rewards Control Housing Prices
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