ONE-DAY WORKSHOP ON POSITIVE EDUCATION ......2018/01/08 · Positive Education brings together the...

ONE-DAY WORKSHOP ON POSITIVE EDUCATION DEVELOPING AND ENHANCING CHARACTER STRENGTHS

Presented by:Mr Abraham Ng Dr Sin Man Fai

Sharing Seminar on

8th January 2018

Caritas School Social Work

Service

Positive Education brings together the science of Positive

Psychology with best practice teaching to encourage and

support individuals, schools and communities to flourish.

We refer to flourishing as a combination of ‘feeling good and

doing good’.

Positive Education focuses on specific skills that assist

students to strength their relationships, build positive

emotions and enhance personal resilience, etc.

Caritas School Social Work Service


Professors Chris Peterson and Martin Seligman led

a large team of scientists and philosophers to identify acomprehensive set of Virtues and Character Strengths thathave been valued throughout history, across cultures andacross religions.

Through this process, they identified 6 Virtues and 24Character Strengths that appear to be universal.

VIA Character Strengths are "The Backbone OfPositive Psychology"


Character strengths are stable (but changeable), universal personality traits that manifest through thinking, feeling, volition, and behavior. 品格優點是穩定 (但可變)及普遍的性格特質，並透過思維、情感、意志及行為彰顯出來。

Character strengths are positive psychological characteristicsthat are considered to be the basic building blocks of humangoodness and flourishing.品格優點是正向的心理特徵，被認定為人類良善和豐盛的基本構成要素。

When expressed in balance, character strengths are morallyvalued and are beneficial to oneself and others.如果能夠平衡地運用，品格優點是有道德價值的，對個人及他人都有益處。


▪ Visit this website 到訪這網站: http://www.viacharacter.org/www/

▪When you see the webpage, click “Take The Free VIA Survey”見到頁面時按一下 “Take The Free VIA Survey”

.

Procedures

程序個人資料絕對保密

研究小組會整合部份結果然後以團體報告形式向相關人士匯報


Register to get started


Procedures程序

Register your personal information before getting start

開始前先填寫個人資料


個人資料絕對保密研究小組會整合部份結果然後以團體報告形式向相關人士匯報

Choose「中文(香港特別行政區)」選擇「中文(香港特別行政區) 」

The form only has English version 表格仍然會以英文顯示

Input your English full name e.g.

Chan Tai Man

Input Class and Class No. e.g. 1A

(12)

Input email address [email protected]

Choose VIA Survey (Adult)

Click “Register” once you have

completed the form

填寫完畢後, 按一下“Register”

mailto:[email protected]

Procedure程序個人資料絕對保密

研究小組會整合部份結果然後以團體報告形式向相關人士匯報

▪ Click “Take Survey”, 按一下”開始問卷”

refined


Procedures程序


Procedures程序


Procedures程序


Procedures程序

▪ Your result will be shown on the screen (like the one shows below) 電腦會顯示你的結果 (如下圖)

▪ Click “Download Character Strengths Profile Report” 按一下“Download Character Strengths Profile Report”

個人資料絕對保密研究小組會整合部份結果然後以團體報告形式向相關人士匯報


Procedures程序


Save the file into your computer 儲存檔案到你的電腦Email the file in PDF format to [email protected]

* Please write down your name, class and class No as the subject* 請謹記在標題欄填上你的名字、班別及學號


mailto:[email protected]

It is our belief that each student is unique and has his strengthsto encounter different life situations and to live meaningfully. Itis important to explore and enhance his character strengthprofile.

Understanding on students’ character strengths will be helpfulfor teachers who can guide the latter in their growth and lifeplanning positively.

In response to the increasing number of cases related to mentalhealth and emotional problems, activities promoting PositiveEducation were implemented in 2012.


Cooperation between teachers, school social worker fromCaritas Family Service embed VIA Character Strengths intocurriculum

Integrated Character Strengths into Catholics Core values

Religion teachers integrated VIA Character Strengths into REexercises and examination.

Home School Cooperation

Good Tool for Boys’ School

Characteristics of Implement


Over the last 10 years, there has been considerable researchmentioning about the benefits of character strengths forwellbeing and flourishing. Research has shown that having astrong sense of character is associated with living a good life,including reduced stress and vulnerability to mental illness.(Huta & Hawley, 2010; Ruch et.al. 2007; Wood et.al. 2011)


VIA Survey is a good ‘tool’ in counselling


With similar background schools in Hong Kong, the trend ofthe students being affected by mental health problem wasincreasing. In recent research, positive education andpromoting student character strength are good ways toprevent mental health problems.


In our experience, VIA Survey is a good tool to engage ourboys, especially the boy who are poor in presentation andcommunication skill.



English teachers use character strengths to discuss in EnglishReading.

Chinese teachers use character strengths integrated intoChinese Composition.

Extended to Form Four and Form Six students in this academicyear.


In 2012 SENCO Master and School Social Worker, La SalleCollege had completed the course of ‘VIA PRO Activation ofStrengths: Bringing Research on Character Strengths intoPractice’ offered by Dr. Ryan Niemiec in VIA Institute, USA.

Besides, Dr. Ryan Niemiec provided Personal, individualcoaching sessions to us. Then, they were introduced the VIAInventory of Character Strengths Survey to students, teachersas well as parents in 2012.


In 2013, School Social Worker also had completed the course of ‘Developing Effective Teams: Using Strengths to Improve Engagement, Performance, and Satisfaction’ by Dr. Neal H. Mayerson, and in 2015 completed the course of ‘Navigating Transitions’ by Dr. Ryan Niemiec and Dr. Donna Mayerson in VIA Institute,USA.

Attended Asia Pacific Positive Psychology Conference, CityUniversity of Hong Kong in January 2014.


Attended Training Course of Positive Education by Institute ofPositive Education, Geelong Grammar School, Australia inNovember 2014.

Became the professional member of International PositivePsychology Association (IPPA) since 2013.

VIA Ambassador since 2013.



All Form 1 students completed the online VIA Survey in MMLC during the Summer Bridging Program in August.

Before the end of first term, the School Social Worker introduced

the three-step process of Aware, Explore and Apply inCharacter Strengths Worksheets in Religious Education lessons.

All Form 1 students completed two worksheets on Aware andExplore Character Strengths exercises.

Exploration followed with the application of an action plan orgoal targeted to improve a particular strength.


Appreciation of Beauty

對美麗的欣賞Forgiveness寬恕

Kindness仁慈

Prudence小心審慎

Bravery勇敢

Gratitude感恩

Leadership領導才能

Self-Regulation自我規範

Capacity to Love 愛

Honesty誠實

Love of Learning喜愛學習

Social Intelligence社交智慧

Creativity 創造力

Hope希望

Modesty謙虛

Spirituality靈修性

Curiosity好奇心

Humor幽默感

Perseverance堅毅

Teamwork團隊精神

Fairness公平公正

Judgment判斷力

Perspective洞察力

Zest熱情和幹勁

(Provided by VIA Institute)


Identify Your “Signature Strengths”找出你的「突顯優點」

最能夠形容自己的5個優點 (或3-7個)

▪Authentic 真正的

▪Natural 自然的

▪Energizing 增添能量的

▪Easily identified by family/friends 容易被家人/朋友發現的

▪Frequently used at multiple settings 經常用於多種場合的


Student example (1)



Student example (2)

Self-regulated to use the electric devices

Areas of Application

應用範疇Top 5 Signature Strengths 突顯優點

1. 2. 3. 4. 5

.

Self-regulated to use the

electric devices (mobile

phone and computer)

對使用手提電話及電腦的自我約束

Goal目標:

Auxiliary Strengths (other 19 character strengths)輔助優點

Result結果:


Google Form (Survey)


Google Form (Goal Setting)


Google Form (Goal Setting)


To enhance the lower character strengths of ourForm 1 students, another worksheet was used in ReligiousEducation lessons.

All Form 1 students wrote down in the worksheet some biblicalreferences and/or words from St. John Baptist de La Salle thatwere related to their lower character strengths such as Love,Perspective and Prudence. This was intended to lead studentsto think how the biblical references and words from St. JohnBaptist de La Salle guided them to acquire these characterstrengths in daily life situations.


La Salle College Form 1 Religious Studies

Character Strength Building Name: ______________________ ( ) Class: F.1___ Mark: / 5 Our Founder, St. John Baptist de La Salle had many wise and beautiful teachings. They are morally challenging. His teachings are grouped by our School Supervisor, Brother Patrick under various headings such as anger, conscience, discipline, faith, gentleness, kindness, love, peace, politeness, prayer, the presence of God, students, teachers, virtue and zeal. From the results of the Character Strength survey, the Character Strength, Capacity to Love and to Be Loved, ranked lowest among all. However, it is important for Lasallians to learn to be loved and love others. With the help of our Founder’s teachings, we may be able to develop that Strength. Go to the following website. http://www.lasalle.org.hk/pages/thought.htm Identify TWO teachings from St. John Baptist de La Salle which can help you enhance the above Character Strength. Describe what you plan to do in daily life with reference to the teachings so that the Character Strength can be enhanced. Teaching 1

Heading

Quotation

With reference to the teaching, what can do you in daily life to improve the Character Strength?

Teaching 2

Heading

Quotation



La Salle College Form 1 Religious Studies

Character Strength Building Name: ______________________ ( ) Class: F.1___ Mark: / 5 Our Founder, St. John Baptist de La Salle had many wise and beautiful teachings. They are morally challenging. His teachings are grouped by our School Supervisor, Brother Patrick under various headings such as anger, conscience, discipline, faith, gentleness, kindness, love, peace, politeness, prayer, the presence of God, students, teachers, virtue and zeal. From the results of the Character Strength survey, the Character Strength, Capacity to Love and to Be Loved, ranked lowest among all. However, it is important for Lasallians to learn to be loved and love others. With the help of our Founder’s teachings, we may be able to develop that Strength. Go to the following website. http://www.lasalle.org.hk/pages/thought.htm Identify TWO teachings from St. John Baptist de La Salle which can help you enhance the above Character Strength. Describe what you plan to do in daily life with reference to the teachings so that the Character Strength can be enhanced. Teaching 1

Heading

Quotation


Teaching 2

Heading

Quotation



Next from your own survey result, apart from the Character Strength, Capacity to Love and to Be Loved, identify ONE of your weaker Character Strengths and write it down in the space below.

Identify TWO teachings from St. John Baptist de La Salle which can help you enhance your weaker Character Strength mentioned above. Describe what you plan to do in daily life with reference to the teachings so that the weaker strength can be enhanced. Teaching 1

Heading

Quotation

With reference to the teaching, what can do you in daily life to improve your weaker Strength?

Teaching 2

Heading

Quotation



Next from your own survey result, apart from the Character Strength, Capacity to Love and to Be Loved, identify ONE of your weaker Character Strengths and write it down in the space below.

Identify TWO teachings from St. John Baptist de La Salle which can help you enhance your weaker Character Strength mentioned above. Describe what you plan to do in daily life with reference to the teachings so that the weaker strength can be enhanced. Teaching 1

Heading

Quotation


Teaching 2

Heading

Quotation



Lasallian Thought for the Day


Examples of Lasallian Teachings


Examples of Lasallian Teachings


Shalom – Old Testament Stories


F4 Assignment


F4 Assignment


F6 Assignment


To find out whether the students learned the concept ofcharacter strengths, the concept was covered in F1 ReligiousEducation mid-term examination and final examination.

In the Chinese lessons in the second term, students were askedto write their own stories after the VIA Signature StrengthsSurvey. It was also a three-step process of Aware, Explore andApply in Character Strengths. Students would go through theirown stories and identify their signature strengths. Eachstudent was expected to identify two to three strengths


Parents who learn positive education and character strengths are able

to share a common language with their sons and also reporta strong sense of connection with school. It is a good opportunity tointroduce the concept of VIA Character Strengths to the new Form 1parents during the summer bridging program.

Besides, the school social worker will continue to run PositiveEducation parent group to teach parents how to use the VIA CharacterStrength Survey and help their son set up personal goals after theyhave learned the Character Strengths.


VIA 中文作文題目

曾經我不知道甚麼是我真正的優點,但昨天的經歷卻讓我更了解自己……


▪以上是思賢個人網誌的第一段。假設你是思賢，試從第二段開始，續寫這篇網誌，以「一件令我振奮的事」為題，敘述當天發生的事情,並談談你的優點(優點部分可參考曾參予填寫的網上問卷結果)。


題目:

試以「一件令我振奮的事」為題，寫作一篇文章，先敘述當天發生的事情，再談談從事件中如何發現你的優點(優點部分可參考曾參予填寫的網上問卷結果)。


Our Challenge (Limitation)

1. Manpower Support

2. Difficulties for less able students

3. Cultural Difference

4. Translation in Chinese

5. Follow up


The Way Forward

Understanding on students’ character strengths will be helpfulfor teachers who can guide the latter in their growth and lifeplanning positively.

Focus Group/Research

Plan to set up a pilot project and cooperate with secondaryschools, Universities to implement Positive Educationprogramme in school.


Evaluation after VIA Survey

After one month of the F.1 class workshop:

❖ 45% of F.1 students had used the definitions printed on Worksheet 1 to identify the Character

Strengths of their friends, classmates, teachers, parents and relatives once to twice a week

❖ 19% of students have done the same three to four times a week

❖ 1% of students five to six times a week

❖ 5% of students said that they have done it every day

55



56





❖ 51% of students have used Worksheet 2 to plan and keep track of their usage of

Character Strengths once to twice a week

❖ 25% of students have done the same way three to four times a week.

57




❖ 68% of students have put the Reminder Card in a place where they have easy access

to it.

58




❖ 86% of students have reported that they have achieved their goal setting in

Worksheet 2.

All Form 2 students completed the online VIA Survey in MMLC after the final examination in July 2014.

It aimed at comparing and finding out if there was any difference in their character strengths after two years of study in the College.

59Caritas School Social Work Service

Finding

❖We have received 219 Form 2 questionnaires.

Character strengths reported were (in descending order of popularity) :

Humour, Gratitude, Forgiveness, Citzenship, Love of learning.

❖ Compared with their overall result in Form 1, the result was quite similar :

Citzenship, Humour, Creativity, Appreciation of beauty and excellence. The students seemed to increase their love of learning after two years of study in the College.


❖ The lower strengths of Form 2 boys were:

Bravery, Capacity to Love and to be Loved,

Enthusiasm, Perspective, Kindness.

❖ The result was somewhat different when compared

with their result in the last academic year :

Prudence, Judgement, Kindness, Perspective, Capacity to love and be loved.

❖ The difference between top five and bottom five

character strengths became narrowed up, compared with their Form 1 overall result.


Finding

❖ Capacity to Love and be Loved had been the weakest character strength in the overall Form 1 result last academic year. Only 7 Form 1

students (3%) had this kind of character strength .

❖ In Form 2, there was a marked increase by 71% from

7 to 24 students having character strength in Capacity to Love and be Loved.

62

Finding


❖ The study group (including RS Department, Guidance Team and SENCO Team) at school analyzed the results and came up with the conclusion that students might be able to enhance the weakest character strengths (Capacity to Love and be Loved) through the experiences of participating in community services as all Form 2 students had to participate in the compulsory Form 2 Service Program for the subject Religious Education.

63

Finding


1. Happiness

Zest, hope, and love are still on top! Study after study, across cultures, showthese three strengths as standing on top of the 24 as those most connectedwith happiness. This study extends these findings (Martinez-Marti & Ruch,2014).

2. Relationship satisfactionAmong married couples, both the higher ratings of character strengths and the use of character strengths in the marriage wererelated to higher satisfaction in the relationship (Lavy et al., 2014).


65

3. Depression

In a rare positive psychology intervention study of older adults

(aged 50-79), overall intervention was found to be most effective for a

group assigned to work on using a signature strength in new ways. It

was the only intervention that led to both an increase in happiness and a

decrease in depression for the adults (Proyer et al., 2014).

4. Coping

In two workplace samples (a mixed group of several occupations and a

nurses group), character strengths were connected with improved coping

with work stress and with a decrease in the negative effects of stress

(Harzer & Ruch, 2015).


66

5. Productivity

In a workplace study involving 686 participants, the character strength ofperseverance was the strength most associated with work productivity andleast associated with counter-productive work behaviors. This was bestexplained by the workers’ sense of meaning at work and perceptions ofwork-as-a-career and work-as-a-calling (Littman-Ovadia & Lavy, 2015).

6. Caring, inquisitiveness, self-control

Following several analyses of data involving over one million people, thesethree elements of human character emerged (McGrath, 2015).


67

7. Exercise habits

In a qualitative study that tailored individual’s signature strengths to an

exercise program, participants improved in exercise adherence, enjoyment

of exercise, and achievement (Stocker & Hefferon, in press).

8. Classroom behavior and achievement

In a study of primary school students and a study of secondary school

students, several character strengths were associated with positive

classroom behavior (e.g., perseverance, social intelligence, prudence,

hope, self-regulation) and school achievement (e.g., love of learning,

perseverance, zest, perspective, gratitude, hope) (Wagner & Ruch, 2015).


68

9. Resilience

In a study of people in China who had experienced a range of traumaticexperiences, a significant relationship between virtues and resilience wasfound. Interestingly, it was virtues that contributed more to posttraumaticgrowth while resilience emerged as a strong predictor of PTSD (Duan, Guo,& Gan, 2015).

10. Inclusiveness

Preliminary work examining the inclusiveness of the VIA Youth Survey foryouth with disabilities found that the assessment was reliable andmeaningful for youth with and without disabilities and similar strengthsprofiles emerged (Shogren et al., in press).


第一招數算你的樂事

Case discussion


喜愛學習公民感、團隊精神和忠心

洞察力(智慧) 仁慈和寬宏

創造力、靈巧性和獨創性領導才能

判斷力、批判性思考和開明的思想寬恕和慈悲

對卓越事物的欣賞希望、樂觀感和未來意識

對世界的好奇和興趣勤奮、用功和堅毅

謙恭和謙虛興致、熱情和幹勁

社交智慧去愛和被愛的能力

勇敢和勇氣誠實、真摯和真誠

不偏不倚、公平和公正精神感悟、對目的的觀念和信念

自我控制和自我規範感恩

小心、謹慎、審慎幽默感和挑皮

Student with Asperger Problem


函幽默感和挑皮

對對世界的好奇和興趣

創創造力

公公民感、團隊精神和忠心

興興故、熱情和幹勁

去愛和被愛的能力

仁慈和寬宏

精神感悟、對目的的觀念和信念

感恩

謙恭和謙虛

Playfulness students


ADHD Student

1. Creativity

2. Perspective

3. Bravery

4. Curiosity


ADHD Student

17. Self Regulation

20. Fairness

21. Appreciation of Beauty and Excellent

22. Prudence

23. Forgiveness

24. Gratitude


F3 Student

1. Humor and Playfulness

2. Hope and Optimism

3. Enthusiasm and Zest

4. Industry and Perseverance

5. Curiosity and Interest in the World


F3 Student

20. Gratitude

21. Self-control and Self-regulation

22. Fairness and Justice

23. Appreciation of Beauty and Excellence

24. Forgiveness and Mercy


Industry, diligence, and perseverance

Self-control and self-regulation

Bravery and valor

Hope, optimism, and future-mindedness

Forgiveness and mercy

Caution, prudence, and discretion

Low Motivation of Study


Caritas SSW Task Groupon VIA Character Strengths

Task Group on “Implement VIA CharacterStrength Survey in Secondary School” was set upby Caritas School Social Work Service in 2016


Guideline for Group Discussion

Target Participants: Age, Sex, etc.

Nature: Curriculum, counselling activities, SEN, ECA?

Content

Phase

Involved Parties

Expected Outcome

Limitation


References

1.Seligman, M. (2011). Flourish: A visionary New Understanding of Happiness and Well-being. New York: Free Press.

2.Peterson, C., & Seligman, M., (2004). The VIA classification of strengths. Cincinnati: Values in Action Institute.

3.Jeremy Swinson & Alex Harrop., (2012). Positive Psychology for Teachers. A Practical Guide. UK: Routledge.

4.Niemiec, R.M. (2013). VIA character strengths: Research and practice (The first 10 years). In H.H. Knoop & A. Delle Fave (Eds.), Well-being and cultures: Perspectives on positive psychology (pp.11-30). New York: Springer.

5.Institute of Positive Education (2014). Designing Positive Education. A Whole School Approach to Student and Staff Wellbeing. Geelong Grammar School, Australia.

6.Institute of Positive Education (2014). Embedding Character Strengths. A professional learning day exploring why and how to embed the language and practice of Character Strengths within your school. Geelong Grammar School, Australia.

7.Strategic Direction, Wellbeing and Positive Education Strategic Direction 2011-2013. St. Peter’s College, Adelaide, Australia.

8.Website:

▪ http://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/Default.aspx

▪ http://www.viacharacter.org

▪ http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~duckworth/index.html

7979

Positive EducationThe Geelong Grammar School Journey


Positive Psychology for Teachers

A Practical Guide


Positive Psychology In A Nutshell

The science of happiness


FlourishMartin E. P. Seligman - Bestselling Author of Authentic Happiness


St. Peter’s College, Adelaide, Australia


Geelong Grammar School, Australia


University of Pennsylvania




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