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8/6/2019 one year later: a look at sb 1070 and copycat legislation - NCLR FACT SHEET
1/16
FACTSHEET
www.nclr.org
April18,
2011
one year later:
a look at sb 1070 and
copycat legislation
By A. Elena Lacayo
OvErviEw
On Apl 23, 2010, Azona Goeno Jan Bee sgne nto la SB 1070, the natonsmost punte mmgaton legslaton, catapultng he, State Senato russell Peace
(the blls sponso), an ant-mmgant ntates nto the natonal spotlght. The
legslaton as mmeately contoesal an ace boa opposton thn the state,
nclung om the mayos o the states to lagest ctes, the states Nate Amecantbes, the Azona Assocaton o Ches o Polce, the busness communty, an ath
an communty oganzatons. wely conemne by the countys leang cl ghts
oganzatons o essentally coyng an legtmzng acal polng, the la alsospae geat contoesy natonally, leang to boycotts,* tael bans, an lasutsaganst the state, an geneatng statements o opposton om a host o ese oces
angng om elgous nsttutons to the entetanment an spots ol. Embolene
by ole attentonan n spte o the amage to the states mage, lost busness
an tousm eenue, an eobtant legal ees that Azona has ace snce the passageo SB 1070the legslatos an pate nteest goups that helpe pass ths la
announce the ntent to ntouce an pass copycat blls o ths la n othe states.
Hoee, the juy s stll out on ho successul ths state-by-state campagn has been.
Changes n many state legslatues ate the 2010 mtem electons, hen republcanson a majoty o supe-majoty status n a numbe o states, esulte n speculaton
that Azona copycat las oul qucly moe oa. But hle 31 states hae
attempte to aance a copycat measue snce the passage o SB 1070the ast
majoty n the om o legslaton an seeal though the ballot ntate pocessUtahs the only state hee the goeno has sgne legslaton smla to SB 1070, an een
thee, the la comes as a hyb pacage that sgnals a nee to aess the ajustment
to legal status o unocumente mmgants. in 2010, none o the states hee copycat
measues ee ntouce aopte them, an n 2011, th a numbe o legslatesessons n m-couse o comng to a close, 11 o the 24 states conseng copycats
hae eeate them o ene them conseaton. Een Azona ecently ote on
anothe set o e eteme ant-mmgant blls.
whle states contnue to gapple th the consequences o an legtmate publcustaton oe eeal nacton on mmgatoncontons that ee eplote to
aance Azonas acal polng lathe eeat o stalle pogess o SB 1070 copycat
an elate measues sgnals an oppotunty to change ecton on the cult ssue
o mmgaton. As states ae epeencng eep buget challenges, the pospect omplementng costly manates o ubous consttutonalty, th the elate legal
challenges an busness an eenue losses, may nally be gettng a much-neee,
act-base, economc analyss. Clealy, a hanul o states may stll pass copycats ths
yea, an othe states ll see such blls entouce. Hoee, as the lessons omAzona contnue to spea an opposton gosnclung oces om the busness
communty, local la enocement, an cl ghts, ath, socal justce, an mmgant
* On May 5, 2010, the Natonal Councl o La raza (NCLr) jone th 51 othe cl ghts an socal justce oganzatons to
call o a omal boycott o conentons, coneences, an othe specal eents nolng sgncant tael to Azona om
out o state. Moe nomaton on the boycott can be oun at .boycottntoleance.og.
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FACTSHEET
ONE YEAr LATEr: A LOOk AT SB 1070 ANd COPYCAT LEGiSL ATiON
aocacy goupsthee coul be both a geate
ealzaton ho a patcho o state las aschaos to an aleay ysunctonal mmgaton
system as ell as enee pessue on Congess
to ele the eal solutons that t alone has
juscton oe.
OriGiNS Of SB 1070
Azona aleay ha a eputaton o aancng
punte ant-mmgant measues, an oneo those s cuently on the ocet o the U.S.
Supeme Cout.* Anothe poposal smla to SB
1070 as peously etoe by ome AzonaGoeno Janet Napoltano. Yet eence shosthat SB 1070 as not a gassoots eot but a
coonate campagn nolng seeal natonal
oganzatons an gues n the ant-mmgant
moement. Ths natonal eot s also one o theey easons hy copycat legslaton has spea so
qucly to othe states.
Although Azona State Senato russell Peace
ntouce SB 1070, he ha conseable assstanceom natonal ant-mmgant oganzatons th
hom he has been ong o yeas. Pmay
authoshp o the bll has been cete to
ks kobach, a la poesso om kansas longassocate th the feeaton o Amecan
immgaton reom (fAir) an ts legal am, the
immgaton reom La insttute. kobach ha a
han n atng an eenng a numbe o statean local ant-mmgant poposals, many o hch
hae been challenge n o oetune by the
couts o the ubous consttutonalty, nclung
those n Hazleton, Pennsylana, valley Pa,Mssou, an fames Banch, Teas.1 kobach as
ecently electe as the kansas Secetay o State
an unsuccessully pusue copycat eots n that
state.
Moeoe, Natonal Publc rao (NPr) hasae to epots uncoeng the collaboaton
beteen pate pson nusty lobbysts an ant-
mmgant legslatos, une the auspces o theAmecan Legslate Echange Councl, to scuss
an appoe the moel legslaton that became
SB 1070 an that coul be ntouce n multple
states. By nceasng the cmnalzaton ommgants, theeoe epanng gouns o the
ncaceaton an etenton, ths type o legslaton
coul mean hunes o mllons o ollas n
pots to pate pson companes esponsble ohousng them.2
rEACTiON TO SB 1070
whle Azona SB 1070 s the most eteme
eample o state mmgaton legslaton to
ate, t s not the st attempt to egulatemmgaton at the state leel. in ecent yeas,
spue by the eeal goenments alue to
pass compehense mmgaton eom, states
an localtes hae playe a gong ole n
mmgaton egulaton. Such state las haeattempte to estct mmgants access to
health cae, lcenses, an publc benets, penalze
* in 2007, Azona passe the Legal Azona woes Act, hch manates the use o E-vey by all employes an mposes sanctons
on employes ho ae oun to he unocumente oes. The la s beng challenge by busness, labo, mmgant, an cl ghts
goups an s no penng beoe the U.S. Supeme Cout (Chamber of Commerce of the United States et al. v. Whiting). Accong
to the U.S. Ctzenshp an immgaton Seces ebste, E-vey s an intenet-base system that allos busnesses to etemne
the elgblty o the employees to o n the Unte States. vaous stues hae shon that E-vey uses eo-en, outate
atabases. it ncoectly entes authoze oes as unauthoze to o n ths county an s subject to employe msuse. fo
moe nomaton, see Cathene Sngley, Dangerous Business: Implications of an EEVS for Latinos and the U.S. Workforce (washngton,
dC: Natonal Councl o La raza, 2008).
Accong to the Southen Poety La Cente
(SPLC), hch tacs etemst goups n the
Unte States, fAir s one o the oganzatons
at the oeont o the ant-mmgant netoceate by John Tanton, ho has been at
the heat o the whte natonalst moement
o ecaes. SPLC lsts fAir as a hate goup
o acceptng moe than $1 mllon om thePonee fun, a whte supemacst ounaton
eote to pong a connecton beteen
ace an ntellgence, employng nuals
ho hae jone whte supemacst goups,ecutng boa membes ho egulaly te
o hate publcatons, an poucng telesonpogammng eatung whte natonalsts.3
8/6/2019 one year later: a look at sb 1070 and copycat legislation - NCLR FACT SHEET
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FACTSHEET
ONE YEAr LATEr: A LOOk AT SB 1070 ANd COPYCAT LEGiSL ATiON
pesons ho employ o poe assstance an
seces to unocumente mmgants, aneque local polce to enoce eeal mmgaton
las. SB 1070, hoee, s the most egegous o
these, cmnalzng unocumente mmgants,
equng la enocement ocals to emanmmgaton ocuments, pemttng Azonans
to sue enocement agences they belee the
la s not enoce th sucent go, an
mang all Latnos n Azona suspect n the oncommuntes, egaless o the mmgaton
status.
The passage o SB 1070 ncte an mmeateesponse om the cl ghts communty nthe om o an economc boycott o the state.
fty-one cl ghts, labo, an socal justce
oganzatonsnclung NCLr,* the Asan
Amecan Justce Cente, the Natonal ActonNeto, the Sece Employees intenatonal
Unon, Unte foo an Commecal woes,
The Leaeshp Coneence on Cl an Human
rghts, the Natonal Pueto rcan Coalton, an theLeague o Unte Latn Amecan Ctzenscalle
o a omal boycott o conentons, coneences,
an othe specal eents nolng sgncant tael
to Azona om out o state.4
in aton, SounSte, a coalton o moe than 400 peomng
atsts, smultaneously ntate a boycott o the
state, plegng not to peom thee unless they
ee asng money o communtes aecte bythe boycott. By the en o 2011, these eots
ae epecte to hae cost Azona $752 mllon n
coneence cancellatons, boong eclnes, an
assocate lost eenue, as ell as anothe $17mllon o lost ta eenue ue to losses n tousm
spenng an employment.5
well-non ome electe an apponte ocals
an la enocement ocals mmeately spoe
out aganst SB 1070 ate ts passage. Ne YoCty Mayo Mchael Bloombeg sa that the la
s so aguely tten that t may oce oces
to stop people ho loo o ess eentlyo
ho spea a oegn language, o Englsh th an
accent. Notable poltcans an spots guesalso oppose the la, nclung ome floa
Goeno Jeb Bush, Phoen Suns Gua Stee
Nash, an een ome Geoge w. Bush poltcal
stategst kal roe, ho sa, i thn thee sgong to be some consttutonal poblems th
the bll. wthn the la enocement communty,
Phoen Polce Che Jac Has, Tucson Polce
Che robeto vllaseo, an Pma County SheClaence dupn state that the la oul mae
the job, as la enocement oces moe
cult.6
Numeous lasuts ee also le n oppostonto the Azona la, the st om Tucson polce
oce Matn Escoba, ho ame to enjon the
la. He as late jone by the Cty o Tucson n
hs sut.7 Atonally, on May 17, the AmecanCl Lbetes Unon (ACLU), Mecan Amecan
Legal deense an Eucatonal fun, Natonal
immgaton La Cente, NAACP, ACLU o Azona,
Natonal day Laboe Oganzng Neto, anAsan Pacc Amecan Legal Cente jone n
a lasut challengng the la, clamng that t
unlaully nteees th eeal poe an
authoty oe mmgaton mattes n olaton othe Supemacy Clause o the U.S. Consttuton.8
futhemoe, on July 6, the U.S. depatment o
Justce le a lasut aganst the la, an on July
28, just one ay beoe the la as to tae eect,sectons o SB 1070 ee bloce by a U.S. feeal
dstct Cout.9 By Noembe 2010, hen an
appeal as hea beoe the Nnth Ccut Cout o
Appeals, the legal ees to een SB 1070 ha costAzona tapayes oe $1.5 mllon.10
THE STATUS Of SB 1070COPYCATS THrOUGHOUT THE
COUNTrYThe passage o Azona SB 1070 cause a luy onteest om othe states that ee also ustate
* NCLrthe lagest natonal Hspanc cl ghts an aocacy oganzaton n the Unte Statesos to mpoe oppotuntes o
Hspanc Amecans. Though ts neto o nealy 300 alate communty-base oganzatons, NCLr eaches mllons o Hspancs
each yea n 41 states, Pueto rco, an the dstct o Columba. To achee ts msson, NCLr conucts apple eseach, polcy analyss,
an aocacy, pong a Latno pespecte n e ey aeasassets/nestments, cl ghts/mmgaton, eucaton, employment
an economc status, an health. in aton, t poes capacty-bulng assstance to ts Alates ho o at the state an local
leel to aance oppotuntes o nuals an amles.
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FACTSHEET
ONE YEAr LATEr: A LOOk AT SB 1070 ANd COPYCAT LEGiSL ATiON
by eeal nacton on mmgaton. in the monthsollong ts passage, a numbe o mea epots
ncate that nealy hal o the county as
conseng SB 1070-le legslaton an that a
ae o such blls oul be ntouce n statelegslatues acoss the naton.11
To some egee, such epots ee coect. fo
eample, n the 2010 legslate sesson, 12 states
Aansas, floa, illnos, kansas, Lousana,Maylan, Mchgan, Mnnesota, Neaa, Noth
Caolna, Pennsylana, an rhoe islanejecte
SB 1070 copycat legslaton. in the 2011 sesson, at
least 24 states hae ntouce Azona-le las,but espte pectons that these states oul
easly pass copycats, legslatues hae obsee the
allout n Azona an ae nstea optng to ejecto elay passage o smla measues.
COPYCAT MOMENTUM STALLS
None o the states that scusse SB 1070 copycats
n 2010 passe legslaton. in 2011, 11 states
hae aleay eeate copycats o ene them
conseaton.* Ths s patculaly notable genthat the Noembe 2010 electons ushee n
a heae republcan legslate composton n
many states. Ths le some to assume that smla
ynamcs to those n Azonas 2010 legslatue
oul ensue, an th that, the quc passage ocopycats.
* A complete lst o the states that hae ejecte SB 1070, along th a legslate analyss o the state, can be oun n Appen A.
Passed SB 1070-style legislation
Passed a hybrid package of immigration laws
Rejected or refused to consider SB 1070-style legislation
Still considering SB 1070-style legislation
Rejected or refused to consider SB 1070-style legislation in 2010
CA
UT
AZ
OR
NM
TX
NV
CO
WY
ID
MT ND
SD
NE
KS
OK
MO
IA
WI
IL
LA
MN
TN
MS AL
FL
KY
INOH
PA
WVVA
NC
SC
GA
NY
MI
ME
MD
NJ
CT
NHVT
WA
AR
RIMA
DE
8/6/2019 one year later: a look at sb 1070 and copycat legislation - NCLR FACT SHEET
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8/6/2019 one year later: a look at sb 1070 and copycat legislation - NCLR FACT SHEET
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FACTSHEET
ONE YEAr LATEr: A LOOk AT SB 1070 ANd COPYCAT LEGiSL ATiON
esponsblty, an epess a ese to ensue thatany mmgaton ebate emans constucte. in
Utah, a state that began to ebate a copycat bllmonths beoe ts legslate sesson began, TheUtah Compactplaye an essental moeatngole. Leaes om inana announce The
Indiana Compact, hch has sloe the passage
o the on Azona-le bll, SB 590. Mayo
Mchael Bloombeg o Ne Yo Cty launchethe bpatsan Patneshp o a Ne Amecan
Economy, bngng togethe mayos an natonal
busness leaes n suppot o sensble mmgatoneom.
due to these actos, 11 states hae aleay
ejecte Azona copycat legslaton n 2011. whle
many legslate sessons hae yet to nsh the
tem, the eeat o many copycat blls, as ellas the passage o a hyb yet lae legslaton
n Utah, eeals the ese an nee o eeal
acton on mmgaton. wthout clze ebate,
een moe egegous legslaton coul ollo. in
CASE STUdY: UTAH
Een though ts legslate sesson not begnuntl Januay 2011, Utah consee copycatlegslaton shotly ate Azona passe ts bll
n 2010 hen Stephen Sanstom, a Utah state
epesentate an membe o State Legslatos o
Legal immgaton, state hs ntenton to ntoucean Azona clone n the 2011 sesson. Beoe
Sanstom as able to ntouce hs bll, hoee,
he began to ace esstance om ello electe
ocals an communty leaes. in aton, nJuly 2010, an mmgaton scanal n hch to
publc employees leae a lst o 1,300 allegely
unocumente mmgants to the publc cause
state ocals, nclung Attoney Geneal MaShutle, to conemn the act as an esponsble
beach o state secuty.24 Shotly ate ths eent,
n July, Utah Goeno Gay Hebet bought
togethe a goup o staeholes o a conesatonon the ssue. At the meetng, he ncate
that he ante legslaton that oul aess
multple acets o the mmgaton ssue, not just
enocement as the Azona la .25 despte ths,n Septembe, repesentate Sanstom elease
a at o hs enocement-only copycat bll, non
as the Utah illegal immgaton Enocement Act.26
in Noembe, a coalton o conseate Utah
leaes, nclung membes o the busness anelgous communtes, sgne The Utah Compact, a
ocument that ecognzes mmgaton as a eeal
ssue, suppots amly unty, an acnoleges thecontbutons o mmgants to Utahs economy.
Among the sgnes o the bll ee Utah Attoney
Geneal Ma Shutle, Salt Lae Chambe o
Commece Pesent Lane Beatte, ome UtahGoeno Olene wale, Catholc Bshop Ma
weste, deseet Management Copoaton CEOMa wlles, ome U.S. repesentate Jm
Hansen, an ome U.S. Senato Jae Gan.27
Moeoe, hle t not ocally sgn theCompact, the nluental Chuch o Jesus Chst o
Latte-day Sants enose t as a esponsble
appoach to the ugent challenge o mmgaton
eom.28
The Compact as not a pescpton o statelegslaton, but t hae nluence n slong
on Utahs copycat poposal. in the ee beoe
the en o the sesson, a sees o negotatons
too place n the legslatue, an on Mach 15,
Goeno Hebet sgne nto la a pacage o bllsthat attempt to eal th mmgaton at the state
leel. Among these blls ae HB 497, a less seee
eson o Azonas mmgaton-enocement bll,an HB 116, an attempt to ceate a guest oe
pogam o unocumente oes n Utah.29
Although Utahs nal la attempte to tae a
moe compehense appoach to mmgaton,ths pacage uthe emonstates the ays n
hch states ae nheently lmte n the ablty
to legslate mmgaton enocement. Not only ae
many o the posons om the pacage lely tobe unconsttutonal, such guest oe las oul
also ceate a state peceent that oul esult n
a 50-state patcho o mmgaton las. Thus,
espte Utahs lauable eot to pouce a moesensble an humane appoach to mmgaton,
the esultng lae legslaton only hghlghts the
nee o a eeal soluton to mmgaton eom
that nclues enocement as ell as a path tolegalzaton o mmgants ho ae contbutng to
the U.S. economy.
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FACTSHEET
ONE YEAr LATEr: A LOOk AT SB 1070 ANd COPYCAT LEGiSL ATiON
act, n Januay 2011, the State Legslatos o
Legal immgaton, a coalton o state legslatosassocate th fAir, hel a pess coneence to
announce the ntenton to pass blls to epeal the
14th Amenment.23
deepe conseaton o the aboe actos has leto the ejecton o smssal o copycat legslaton
n the majoty o states that hae conclue
elbeatons on ths matte, tumpng the poltcal
motatons that oten le to the ntoucton.Hoee, many states ae stll n sesson an some,
pmaly n the South, ae stll seously conseng
o ae n the pocess o passng (n Geogas case)copycat legslaton n spte o these actos. Thesenclue Alabama, Geoga, Olahoma, South
Caolna, an Tennessee.* Geoga an South
Caolna aleay hae some o the most punte
ant-mmgant las on the boos. South Caolnahel heangs on ts copycat bll een beoe the
legslate sesson began, an many thought
t oul be the st state to pass legslaton.
Hoee, concens egang the blls mpact onthe economy hae elaye passage.
NCLr ll contnue to monto actty on copycat
measues an elease an upate eson o ths
epot once all state legslate sessons haeconclue.
CONCLUSiON
The stalle pogess o costly an unconsttutonal
SB 1070 copycat measues pesents an oppotunty
to oge a moe eecte, solutons-en ebateon mmgaton. Snce passage o Azonas
contoesal la, state legslatues n 2010 an
2011 hae seen copycats ejecte 21 tmes an
sgne nto la once, n Utah, hee lamaesattempte to chat a eent appoach. in lght
o the cuent economc enonment an theepecte legal challenges an costs assocate
th copycat measues, n aton to epanngopposton to such measues, t s epecte that
seeal moe states ll eeat copycat poposals
o eny them conseaton by the tme all 2011
legslate sessons conclue. The e statesthat cuently seem ntent on pushng ahea ll
lely ace smla legal challenges an losses to
those that Azona has epeence. Meanhle,n Azona, the njuncton peentng the most
egegous potons o SB 1070 om gong nto
eect ll stay n place, as ule ecently by the
Nnth Ccut Cout o Appeals.
Congessonal alue to act on sensble
mmgaton eom ll contnue to abet an
enonment pe o alse solutons le SB
1070. State legslatues coul be a poeuloce n pessung Congess nto acton they
ecte the enegy toa tuly holng the
congessonal elegatons accountable o thsssueate all, many states hee copycatsee consee hae membes o Congess
ho hae not suppote meanngul mmgaton
eom eots. in ong so, state legslatos
oul stengthen the ee-gong platomo busness, ath, la enocement, cl ghts,
labo, mmgant ghts, an socal justce leaes
nteeste n nng the much-neee solutons
to the systemc alue n ou cuent mmgatonpolces.
* A ull lst o these states can be oun n Appen B.
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FACTSHEET
ONE YEAr LATEr: A LOOk AT SB 1070 ANd COPYCAT LEGiSL ATiON
APPENdix A:
SB 1070 rEJECTEd
in the ollong states, the legslatue eeate
o euse to conse an Azona-le bll n the
2011 legslate sesson. As shon belo, thesestates not only ay geatly n geogaphy an
emogaphcs, but also n the poltcal maeup
o the legslatues. fom states that ae splt
beteen pates, such as Coloao an kentucy,to states th lage republcan majotes, such as
kansas an Ne Hampshe, nealy a ozen state
legslatues hae ejecte SB 1070 copycats.
CALifOrNiA
2011 Session: December 6, 2010September 9,
2011
House: Democrat controlled; Senate: Democrat
controlled; Governor: Democrat, Jerry Brown
Snce the passage an subsequent poltcal allout
o Poposton 187 n Calonas 1994 geneal
electons, hch oul hae bae unocumentemmgants om eceng publc benets, the
Calona state legslatue has staye aay om
state mmgaton enocement eots, eng
them as poltcally unpopula. despte ths hstoy,AB 26, Calonas Azona copycat, as le on
the st ay o the 2011 legslate sesson by
Assemblyman Tm donnelly. On Apl 5, 2011, the
bll as ejecte n commttee by a 73 ote.30
COLOrAdO
2011 Session: January 12May 11, 2011
House: Republican controlled; Senate: Democrat
controlled; Governor: Democrat, John Hickenlooper
As Coloao heae nto the 2011 sesson, a
ebate on mmgaton as epecte n the state
legslatue. in 2006, Coloao passe SB 90, hch
eques state la enocement to coopeate
th eeal ocals an pohbts polces to thecontay. immgaton also playe a pomnent ole
n the states 2010 pmaes an geneal electon,
th the lage-magn eeat o the pomnent ant-mmgant canate republcan Tom Tanceo
by democat John Hcenloope, ho epesse
concen about SB 1070-le legslaton an nstea
aocate o eeal mmgaton eom unghs campagn.31 in the state legslatue, democats
ee able to eep a slght majoty n the Senate
hle republcans pce up a slght majoty n theHouse.32
Comng out o the 2010 electons, a numbe o
state legslatos, nclung repesentate ranyBaumgane an Senato-Elect kent Lambet,
announce plans to ntouce Azona copycat
legslaton. Although Lambet le SB 54 n the
Senate, repesentate Baumgane pulle hsbll, HB 1107, beoe t as een hea out o
concens suounng the consttutonalty o the
bll.33 Although the Azona copycat s consee
ea, othe peces o mmgant-elate legslatonmay stll be consee n the 2011 legslate
sesson.
iOwA2011 Session: January 10April 29, 2011
House: Republican controlled; Senate: Democrat
controlled; Governor: Republican, Terry Branstad
ioa as not one o the most lely states to
tae up Azona copycat legslaton. Although the2010 electons alloe o some sht n poe
as the republcans gane contol o the House
o repesentates, state poltcans not
mae mmgaton a legslate poty o thecampagn. Hoee, copycat las ee ntouce
n the Senate an the House. Both blls, Sf 102
an Hf 27, e as they ale to moe beoe theMach 11 unnel ate o blls to be appoeby the ognatng chambe. Among the local
goups that eghe n on the ssues ee the ioa
immgaton Eucaton Coalton, ioa Ctzens o
Communty impoement, an the ioa CatholcConeence.34
kANSAS
2011 Session: January 10May 4, 2011
House: Republican controlled; Senate: Republican
controlled; Governor: Republican, Sam Brownback
As the home o ks kobach, autho o SB 1070 an
aous othe ant-mmgant onances, kansasstatonally conseate legslatue seeme
postone to seously conse a copycat la. in
the 2010 electons, republcans ncease the
majotes n the both the House an Senate anks kobach as electe kansas Secetay o State.
On febuay 16, repesentate Lance knze
ntouce HB 2372, an Azona copycat
mmgaton bll. Ate multple ale attempts to
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pass t though the House Jucay Commttee,35
the ull House euse a specal poceue thatoul hae bought the bll ectly to the loo by
a ote o 8440.36 The bll also e ctcsm om
pomnent busness goups, nclung the kansas
Busness Coalton.37 The bpatsan natue o thsote along th the lage ote magn elee
a blo to kobach, ho has been a poponent
o copycat blls n state legslatues acoss the
county.
kENTUCkY
2011 Session: January 4March 25, 2011House: Democrat controlled; Senate: Republican
controlled; Governor: Democrat, Steve Beshear
kentucys legslatue emane elately
unchange by the 2010 electon. Though
republcans mae some gans n both the House
an the Senate, democats etane the majotyn the House an republcans slghtly ncease
the majoty n the Senate.
Senato John Schcels SB 6 as passe out o the
Senate n ealy Januay.38 Hoee, accong to ascal-mpact statement, the la as estmate to
cost the state $89 mllon pe yea an membeso the House state the ntentons to bloc
Azona-le legslaton om becomng la. The bll not pass out o the House Local Goenment
Commttee beoe the kentucy legslate sesson
ene on Mach 25.
MiSSiSSiPPi
2011 Session: January 4April 3, 2011
House: Democrat controlled; Senate: Republican
controlled; Governor: Republican, Haley Barbour
Beoe SB 1070, Msssspp ha one o the natons
most punte ant-mmgant las n the county:
the Msssspp Employment Potecton Act, hch
ent nto eect n July 2008. The la equesthat all employes begn usng the lae eeal
E-vey pogam an eleates ong thout
authozaton to a elony. Msssspp not
hae electons n 2010, so the House ent nto tssesson th a democat majoty hle the Senate
began th a republcan majoty.
dung the 2011 sesson, sepaate blls ee passe
though both chambes: n the Senate, SenatoJoey fllnganes SB 2179 as passe on Januay
18 an an altee eson o the bll, HB 54, passe
out o the House on Januay 28. Hoee, both
blls ee poclame ea on Mach 29, aslegslatos ale to agee on a sngle eson o the
bll to sen to republcan Goeno Haley Babou
beoe the sesson ene on Apl 3.39
NEBrASkA
2011 Session: January 5May 26, 2011
Nonpartisan Unicameral Legislature; Governor:Republican, Dave Heineman
At the begnnng o the 2011 sesson, Nebasaseeme postone to pass an Azona copycat
bll though ts legslatue. The state has the only
one-house, nonpatsan legslatue n the county,
meanng that smple ageement om 24 senatoss neee to pass a bll. Nebasa passe LB 403 n
2009, hch eques the use o E-vey o publc
contactos, an the state also le a legal be n
suppot o the Azona la.
despte multple attempts by Senato Chale
Janssen to pass LB 48, the poposal e at thecommttee leel, as t only cae to otes out
o e neee to aance t om the JucayCommttee to the ull legslatue.40 Ths esult
came ate a geat eal o oganzng on the pat o
socal justce oganzatons n the state, nclung
Nebasa Applesee.
NEw HAMPSHirE
2011 Session: January 5June 30, 2011
House: Republican controlled; Senate: Republican
controlled; Governor: Democrat, John Lynch
whle Ne Hampshe has not taen on
mmgaton ssues much n the past, the states
legslatue as eeply change ung the 2010electons. The republcan Paty sept both
chambes th lage majotes. despte ths
poltcal sht, Ne Hampshes House Commttee
on Cmnal Justce an Publc Saety oteunanmously to ll HB 644 beoe t eache the
ull House ue to opposton om a aety o
sectos nclung the state polce, cmnal eense
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layes, legal seces poes, muncpal
goenments, an the states bggest busnesslobby.41
SOUTH dAkOTA
2011 Session: January 5March 28, 2011
House: Republican controlled; Senate: Republican
controlled; Governor: Republican, Dennis
Daugaard
Smla to Ne Hampshe, South daota has not
hstocally ee mmgaton as a poty ssue
n the state. in the 2011 sesson, South daotashealy republcan legslatue ale to moe
oa ts Azona-style bll hen House State
Aas Commttee ejecte the bll by a ote o112. Ths ote came ate legslatos hea o the
negate mpact o ths bll om la enocement
goups an othes ho o th mmgants.42
South daotas legslate sesson ene onMach 28.
virGiNiA
2011 Session: January 12February 26, 2011
House: Republican controlled; Senate: Democrat
controlled; Governor: Republican, Bob McDonnell
immgaton has playe a pomnent ole n vgna
poltcs o a numbe o yeas. Most notably, anumbe o la enocement agences, nclung the
Pnce wllam County Shes Oce, hae been
engage n the ale 287(g) pogam,* leang
to contoesy an ebate at the local leel. inAugust 2010, Attoney Geneal ken Cuccnell
ssue a legal opnon that authoze vgna
polce oces to chec the mmgaton status o
anyone stoppe by polce o any eason.
Comng nto the shot 2011 legslate sesson,
democats hel a majoty n the Senate an
republcans hel a majoty n the House. Although
t appeae that aous mmgaton-elate blls
* Enacte n 1996, secton 287(g) o the immgaton an Natonalty Act allos the eeal goenment to ente nto ageements
th state an local la enocement agences, allong them to eputze local ocals to enoce eeal mmgaton la. Numeous
stues hae shon that the 287(g) pogam has ha a negate mpact on the communtys saety an llngness to epot cmes,
een as ctms an tnesses. fo moe nomaton, please see A. Elena Lacayo, The Impact of Section 287(g) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act on the Latino Community(washngton, dC: Natonal Councl o La raza, 2010).
oul not be mong, on febuay 8, the House o
delegates ee an passe HB 2332. Ate a geateal o pushbac om local aocates, nclung
the vgna Coalton o Latno Oganzatons, on
febuay 17 the Senate subcommttee euse to
moe oa the copycat bll as ell as numeousothe ant-mmgant posons o ull Senate
conseaton.43 vgnas legslate sesson ene
on febuay 26 an legslatos hea nto state
electons at the en o 2011.
wYOMiNG
2011 Session: January 11March 2, 2011House: Republican controlled; Senate: Republican
controlled; Governor: Republican, Matt Mead
in the republcan-contolle wyomng legslatue,
repesentate Chales Chles HB 94 as eeate
at the commttee leel. in act, no membe o
the House Mneals, Busness an Economcdeelopment Commttee moe to ote on the bll
ate heang om epesentates om busness
an nusty goups egang the opposton to
the bll.44 wyomngs legslate sesson ene onMach 2.
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ENdNOTES
1 Melna wane, Meet ks kobach: Laye o the Ant-immgant Moement, Mea Mattes,July 15, 2010, http://poltcalcoecton.og/blog/201007150011 (accesse Apl 5, 2011).
2 Laua Sullan, Pson Economcs Help de Azona immgaton La, Natonal Publc rao,
Octobe 28, 2010, http://.np.og/templates/stoy/stoy.php?stoyi=130833741; an
Shapng State Las th Lttle Scutny, Natonal Publc rao, Octobe 29, 2010, http://.np.
og/templates/stoy/stoy.php?stoyi=130891396.
3 Southen Poety La Cente, The Nativist Lobby: Three Faces of Intolerance (Montgomey, AL:
Southen Poety La Cente, 2009), http://.splcente.og/stes/eault/les/onloas/
splc_natstlobby.p.
4 Natonal Councl o La raza, Cl rghts an Labo Oganzatons Announce Boycott to PotestAzona immgaton La, nes elease, May 5, 2010.
5 Mashall ftz an Angela kelley, Stop the Conference: The Economic and Fiscal Consequences
of Conference Cancellations Due to Arizonas S.B. 1070 (washngton, dC: Cente o Amecan
Pogess, 2010), http://.amecanpogess.og/ssues/2010/11/p/az_tousm.p (accessedecembe 17, 2010).
6 Natonal Councl o La raza, what People Ae Sayng about SB 1070 an Copycat Legslaton,
http://.boycottntoleance.og/upates/p/sayng (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
7 Stee Nunez an Ban Pyo, Cty o Tucson Jons Oces Lasut aganst SB 1070, kGUN.com,
June 2, 2010, http://.gun9.com/Global/stoy.asp?S=12578063 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
8 Amecan Cl Lbetes Unon, ACLU an Cl rghts Goups fle Legal Challenge to Azona racal
Polng La, nes elease, May 17, 2010, http://.aclu.og/mmgants-ghts-acal-justce/
aclu-an-cl-ghts-goups-le-legal-challenge-azona-acal-p (accesse Apl 2011).
9 ranal Achbol, Juge Blocs Azonas immgaton La, The New York Times, July 28, 2010,http://.nytmes.com/2010/07/29/us/29azona.html (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
10 Gnge rough, $1.5 Mllon Spent deenng SB 1070, AZCental.com, febuay 28, 2011, http://
.azcental.com/12nes/nes/atcles/2011/02/25/20110225azona-mmgaton-bll-lasut-
cost-mllons.html (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
11 fe Lucas, Nealy Hal o Unte States Conseng Azona-Style immgaton Legslaton,
CNSNes.com, August 18, 2010, http://.cnsnes.com/noe/71294 (accesse Apl 4,
2011); John Mlle Tenty Othe States Conseng Copyng Azona immgaton La, TheHuffington Post, June 25, 2010, http://.hungtonpost.com/2010/06/25/tenty-othe-states-cons_n_626095.html (accesse Apl 4, 2011); an John Mlle Utah among 18 States Amng to
Copy Azona immgaton La, Deseret News, June 26, 2010, http://.eseetnes.com/
atcle/700043391/Utah-among-18-states-amng-to-copy-Azona-mmgaton-la.html (accesse
Apl 4, 2011).
12 immgaton Bll remans Stalle n kansas House, kOAMTv.com, Mach 23, 2011, http://.oamt.com/Global/stoy.asp?S=14305978 (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
13 Elzabeth McNchol, Phl Ol, an Ncholas Johnson, States Contnue to feel recessons impact,
http://.cbpp.og/cms/?a=e&=711 (accesse Apl 1, 2011).
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14 Heathe Glles, kenley: reamp immgaton Poposal, inysta.com, Mach 15, 2011, http://.nysta.com/atcle/20110315/NEwS05/103150323/1001/ENTErTAiNMENT/kenley-uges-
altenates-state-s-mmgaton-poposal?oyssey=na|hea (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
15 James w. whte, Fiscal Note SB 780 - HB 1380. Tennessee Geneal Assembly fscal ree
Commttee. Nashlle, TN, Mach 14, 2011, http://.captol.tn.go/Blls/107/fscal/SB0780.p(accesse Apl 4, 2011).
16 Cost o ky. immgaton Bll Coul reach $89M, NECN.com, febuay 2, 2011, http://.necn.
com/02/02/11/Cost-o-popose-mmgaton-bll-coul-/lanng_poltcs.html?&blocid=3&apid=
aa35211c610423885ee4385b0a (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
17 Gnge rough an dan Glbetson, Goeno Out to reban Azona Oe immgaton LaCtcsm, AZCental.com, May 14, 2010, http://.azcental.com/nes/electon/azelectons/
atcles/2010/05/13/20100513goeno-eban-azona-oe-mmgaton-la-ctcsm13-ON.html#zz1iavelz8 (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
18 Jeemy remon, Goeno, Geoga fam Bueau wegh in on immgaton Legslaton, AJC.com,febuay 8, 2011, http://.ajc.com/nes/geoga-poltcs-electons/goeno-geoga-am-
bueau-831515.html (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
19 Jeemy remon, Geogas famng, Lanscape inustes rase Concens about immgaton
Legslaton, AJC.Com, Apl 5, 2011, http://.ajc.com/nes/geoga-poltcs-electons/geogas-amng-lanscape-nustes-898444.html (accesse Apl 5, 2011).
20 El Paso rans Saest Cty n US: Cty Saest o Populatons Oe 500,000, a.com, Noembe 21,
2010, http://.a.com/nes/25870470/etal.html (accesse Mach 28, 2011).
21 Elzabeth Lloente, She feas Teas Go. Peys Ant-illegal immgaton Push, foNes.com,Januay 13, 2011, http://latno.ones.com/latno/poltcs/2011/01/13/she-saest-cty-says-
too-yeas-ganng-tust-mmgants/ (accesse Mach 28, 2011).
22 Utah Compact Uges Guelnes o immgaton dscusson, kSL.com, Noembe 11, 2010,
http://.sl.com/?s=13237741&n=148 (accesse Apl 12, 2011).
23 State Legslatos o Legal immgaton, State Lamaes Conene n d.C. to dele Hstoc,Natone Coecton to the 14th Amenment Msapplcaton, nes elease, Januay 5, 2011,
http://.statelegslatosolegalmmgaton.com/Nesitem.asp?Nesid=10195 (accesse
Apl 4, 2011).
24 Utah ientes 2 Allegely Behn illegal immgant Lst, foNes.com, July 16, 2010, http://.ones.com/us/2010/07/16/utah-entes-allegely-mmgant-lst/#zz1ia5cm4Y
(accesse Apl 4, 2011).
25 rcha Patt, ranall Jeppesen, an Shaa Pa, Go. Hebet Calls immgaton rountable
dscusson a Success, kSL.com, July 20, 2010, http://.sl.com/?n=833&s=11644008(accesse Apl 4, 2011).
26 Ben wnslo, Utah Legslato Unels Contoesal immgaton Bll, fo13No.com, August 13,
2010, http://.o13no.com/nes/local/stu-utah-mmgaton-bll-unele,0,7518733.stoy
(accesse Apl 4, 2011).
27 deseet Nes etoal, Sgn the Utah Compact, Deseret News, Noembe 14, 2010, http://.eseetnes.com/atcle/700081235/Sgn-the-Utah-Compact.html (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
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28 Elzabeth Stuat, Communty Leaes Uge Moeate Appoach to immgaton reom, MormonTimes, Noembe 15, 2010 http://.momontmes.com/atcle/18365/Communty-leaes-uge-moeate-appoach-to-mmgaton-eom?s_c=queue_ttle&utm_souce=queue_ttle
(accesse Apl 4, 2011).
29 Majoe Cotez, Utah Go. Gay Hebet Sgns immgaton Blls nto La Deseret News, Mach
15, 2011, http://.eseetnes.com/atcle/705368733/Utah-Go-Gay-Hebet-sgns-mmgaton-blls-nto-la.html (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
30 Commttee rejects Calona immgaton Bll, NBC Sandego, Apl 5, 2011, http://.
nbcsanego.com/nes/local/Lamae-Poposes-Bll-to-Go-Ate-Sanctuay-Ctes-119250224.
html (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
31 John Hcenloope, feeal immgaton reom is a Must, Octobe 24, 2010, The Denver Post,
http://.enepost.com/opnon/c_16401217 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
32 Natonal Coneence o State Legslatues, Map o Post 2010 Electon Patsan Composton o
State Legslatues, http://.ncsl.og/tab/21253/eault.asp (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
33 Joe Hanel, Az. Bll to Get A n Colo, The Durango Herald, febuay 8, 2011,http://uangoheal.com/atcle/20110209/NEwS01/702089924/-1/Nes01/%E2%80%98Az
%E2%80%99-bll-to-get-a-n-Colo (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
34 Tom Chapman, ioa Catholc Coneence Suppots Po-Le Las, Payay Loan regulaton,
Moe, The Catholic Messenger, febuay 1, 2011, http://.catholcmessenge.og/atcles/2011/02/04/ocesan_nes/oc448659ab27229284652.tt (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
35 Ba Coope, kansas House Commttee Bottles Up Ant-immgaton Bll, The Kansas City Star,
Mach 14, 2011, http://.ansascty.com/2011/03/14/2726156/ansas-commttee-bottles-up-
mmgaton.html#zz1ir6l3 (accesse Apl 4, 2011).
36 immgaton Bll remans Stalle n kansas House,Associated Press, Mach 23, 2011, http://.oamt.com/Global/stoy.asp?S=14305978 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
37 kansas Busness Goup Opposng immgaton Changes,Associated Press , Mach 2, 2011, http://
.ta.com/nes/2011/ma/02/ansas-busness-goup-opposng-mmgaton-changes
(accesse Apl 6, 2011).
38 Beth Musgae GOP Leaes Push immgaton Bll, Othe Potes though State Senate,
Bluegrass Politics, Januay 7, 2011.
39 Elzabeth Csp, immgaton Bll des, but Battles Not Oe, Clarion-Ledger, Mach 29, 2011,
http://.gannettonlne.com/etenal/scpts/momsleme/?ste=6475 (accesse Apl 6,
2011).40 Paul Hammel, Clash o Opnons on immgaton, Omaha World-Herald, Mach 1, 2011, http://
.omaha.com/atcle/20110301/NEwS01/703029887/0 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
41 Amecan fens Sece Commttee, NH House Commttee Ges Unanmous NO
to Ant-immgant Bll, http://asc.og/stoy/nh-house-commttee-ges-unanmous-%E2%80%9Cno%E2%80%9d-ant-mmgant-bll (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
42 Azona-style immgaton Bll fals n Sd House NECN.com, febuay 14, 2011, http://.necn.
com/02/14/11/Azona-style-mmgaton-bll-als-n-/lanng_poltcs.html?&blocid=3&apid=501
8936a944006b93895b2ce72e617 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
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43 fec kunle, Senate Panel klls House-Appoe Blls Tagetng illegal immgaton,Washington Post, febuay 16, 2011, http://oces.ashngtonpost.com/gnapoltcs/2011/02/senate_panel_lls_house-appo.html (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
44 Ben Neay, wyo. House Commttee Shoots don immgaton Bll, Bloombeg, Januay 24, 2011,
http://.bloombeg.com/nes/2011-01-24/yo-house-commttee-shoots-on-mmgaton-
bll.html (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
45 Alabama House republcans, Speae Hubba Pases House Passage o Hanshae Blls,http://.alhousegop.com/2011/04/05/speae-hubba-pases-house-passage-o-
%E2%80%9Chanshae%E2%80%9d-blls (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
46 floa House o repesentates, HB 7089 - Enocement o immgaton Las, http://.
myloahouse.go/Sectons/Blls/bllsetal.asp?Blli=46685&Sessonine=-1&Sessoni=66&BllTet=&BllNumbe=7089&BllSponsoine=0&BllLstine=0&BllStatuteTet=&BllTypeine=0
&Bllreeeine=0&HouseChambe=H&BllSeachine=-1 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
47 The floa Senate, SB 136: Enocement o immgaton Las, http://.lsenate.go/Sesson/
Bll/2011/136 (accesse Apl 11, 2010).
48 Jeemy remon, Panel Saps Out Senate immgaton Bll th Moe Etense House veson,
AJC.com, http://.ajc.com/nes/geoga-poltcs-electons/panel-saps-out-senate-887963.
html (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
49 illnos Geneal Assembly, full Tet o HB1969, http://.lga.go/legslaton/ulltet.asp?docName=&Sessoni=84&GA=97&docTypei=HB&docNum=1969&GAid=11&Legid=59170&SpecSess=
&Sesson= (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
50 Conenton to Cancel i immgaton Bll Passes, NECN.com, Mach 5, 2011, http://.necn.
com/03/05/11/Conenton-to-cancel--mmgaton-bll/lanng_poltcs.html?&blocid=3&apid=066146b32845a5be77a72958ea7 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
51 Eatha Jane Melze, Azona-Style immgaton reom woul Hut Mchgan Economy, The
Mchgan Messenge, febuay 14, 2011, http://mchganmessenge.com/46542/epot-azona-
style-mmgaton-eom-oul-hut-mchgan-economy (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
52 Noth Caolna Geneal Assembly, House Bll 343, http://ncleg.net/gascpts/BllLooUp/BllLooUp.pl?Sesson=2011&Bllid=hb+343&submtButton=Go (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
53 129th Geneal Assembly o the State o Oho, SB 98, http://.legslatue.state.oh.us/blls.
cm?id=129_SB_98 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
54 Olahoma House Passes Azona-Style immgaton Bll, fo Nes Latno, Mach 12, 2011,http://latno.ones.com/latno/poltcs/2011/03/12/olahoma-house-passes-azona-style-
mmgaton/#zz1ilhOcnC (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
55 South Caolna Geneal Assembly, S. 20, http://.scstatehouse.go/sess119_2011-2012/
blls/20.htm (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
56 Tennessee Geneal Assembly, Bll inomaton o HB1380, http://app.captol.tn.go/apps/Bllino/deault.asp?BllNumbe=HB1380 (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
57 James w. whte, Fiscal Note SB 780 - HB 1380.
58 Nathan Bene an Ben Phlpott, Teas Lamae fles Azona Style immgaton Bll,
kUT Nes, Noembe 8, 2010, http://utnes.og/post/teas-lamae-les-azona-style-mmgaton-bll (accesse Apl 6, 2011).
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