OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) FOR EMPOWERMENT OF OPEN SCHOOLS
Dr. Sitansu S. JenaChairman
National Institute of Open Schooling, Indiawww.nios.ac.in
“Workshop on OER & Open Licensing Policy in the Indian Context”
Organised by CEMCA, New Delhi & Creative Commons
India International Centre, New Delhi
Feb.22,2013
Open Schooling in India
97 Million Children (Age Group 14-18) are eligible now for Secondary & Sr. Secondary Education
Impact of Education for All Programme & RTE pressure on Secondary Education System
15% (12 Million) to be cater to by Open Schooling as Targeted under XIIth Five Year Plan
Present Capacity about 04 Million (02 Million by NIOS + 02 Million by SOSs)
About 08 million gap still to be filled-in by the Open Schooling System
Creating “Safety Net” for Drop Outs and Disadvantaged Groups
10/04/2023 [email protected]
10/04/2023 [email protected]
Open Schooling Movement In India
• Started with the establishment of National Open School (NOS) at New Delhi by Govt. of India
• Subsequently, renamed as National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)
• With the Technical & Academic Support from NIOS till now 17 State Open Schools have been established
• All states to have Open Schools during 12th Five Year Plan• Most of the SOSs follow the NIOS Curriculum with necessary
contextualization• Dearth of quality learning resources perceived in the SOSs,
both print & non-Print form• OER to supplement & support the SOSs
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David Wiley (2007), while defining OER stated “Technology–enabled, open provision of educational resources for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users for non-commercial purposes” and we are strongly influenced by this while designing & deploying the OER for open schooling context.
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OER & National Knowledge Commission (NKC), 2010 of India
• NKC formed a Working Group on Open Access & OER & observed
• “…free and open digital publications of high quality materials organized as courses that include lectures, related reading materials, snapshots of discussions, assignments, evaluations, etc.”
• Recommendations of NKC• Leverage the global open educational
resource movement to take advantage of content initiatives
• Support the production of quality content by a select set of Indian institutions
• Undertake a large scale e-curriculum development effort directed toward adaptation and adoption support.
• e-content in liberal arts & social science subjects, including professional & vocational subjects
• Develop network-enabled delivery infrastructure
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How Open schools perceive the OER◊ Digitalized Version of the Learning
Materials
◊ Freely available
◊ Open to the user 4R (revise, reuse, remix & redistribute)
◊ Adopt/ Adaptation by the Users for the Course Work offered through on-line
◊ Elements of Assessment & Certification
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What includes OER?Learning contents, which includes
Full Courses, Course materials, contents of course modules, collections from periodicals and journals etc.
All software tools which supports in creation, delivery, use and improvement of learning materials;
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OER Movement for open schoolingOn-line co-operation for Access & Distribution of Learning
ResourcesCapacity Building of individual & institutionsCollaborative efforts in creating Learning ResourcesStoring & sharing of Best PracticesProcess of customizing Learning ResourcesCreating scientific methods & research base for
development of Learning ResourcesMeeting the diversified needs of the heterogeneous
target groups
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OER For Open schools: COL’s initiative• COL’s OER Project on Open Schooling
• 17 selected secondary school subjects under creative common License Agreement (CC-BY-SA)
• 6 Countries involved are Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Seychelles, Trinidad & Tobago & Zambia
• Prime objective is to increase accessibility to quality materials for school education
• Teacher/instructor’s Guide Books are developed in 5 subjects on how to use the OER
• Currently available on CD ROM• Development of OER Policy thru
COMOSA
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NIOS Open Course ware All print based materials of
Secondary & Sr. Secondary levels are uploaded on the web
More than 200 hours of video materials are available on You Tube
More than 400 hours of Audio materials are available for free downloading through NIOS Website
Streaming of Audio through internet provided both online and offline mode (Mukta Vidy Vani) on 24X7
On-line support through e-tutoring
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OER Special Project of NIOS Develop exemplary courseware, both
print & non-print forms, in selected vocational subject areas
Subject areas selected are (i) Computer & IT, (ii) Tourism & Hospitality Management & (iii) Rural Technology
Online collaborative platform is created for development of digital materials
Approaches followed in development of the resource materials are based on (i) Role based education for Scenario Based Learning & (ii) Situated based Social Reconstruction & Transformation Process
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Approaches followed in developing OER
Consortium approach in course development (ICONSENT, MKCL, HBCSE, Vigyan Ashram & MSIHM)
Capacity building of the subject experts on both using technology (web 2.0) and content areas
Using Moodles for developing LMS for delivery of the course contents for NIOS learners
Material development in a workshop mode using open source software (web2.0) in wiki platform
Expert feed back on course ware for quality assurancesDevelopment & Deployment of the courseware using a
dedicated server
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OER issues & challenges: Indian perspectives
Lack of policy consistency to Paris Declaration 2012 Most of the initiatives are sporadic in nature No institutional mechanism for free sharing of learning resources Mostly based on Web 1.0 tools, migration towards Web 2.0 has just
started None of them available under creative commons licences No initiative so far on liberal arts and social science subjects specific
to the arts students Generalist approach and not catering to the needs of heterogeneous
groups Though institutions are prepared to share resources, a policy
framework is essential at the national level