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Open Knowledge and the benefits for University-based research
Anna Gerber ITEE eResearch The University of Queensland
Open Knowledge Foundation Promoting the creation, sharing and application of Open Knowledge
https://okfn.org/
What is Open Knowledge? "Open knowledge is what open data becomes when it’s useful, usable and used."
- Open Knowledge Foundation
The Knowledge Hierarchy
Data => Knowledge Knowledge => Action
Knowledge is power em ment
Open
Why Open Knowledge? ! Empowering citizens, businesses, researchers
! Build on existing research, facilitate new discoveries from old data
! Transparency ! Allow re-analysis, verification, repeatability
! Creating social and commercial value
! Visibility
! Encouraging research collaboration, participation and engagement
! Citation
Why Not Open Knowledge? ! Personal vs Non-personal data ! Confidentiality
! Ethics
! Cultural sensitivity
! Legal reasons
! Commercial reasons
Open Knowledge within Universities ! Research publications ! Published articles
! Pre-print articles and technical papers ! Published through open access publishers
or self-archived in institutional repositories or field-specific repositories like arXiv.org
! Research data ! Raw data
! Processed data
The Open Definition
"Knowledge is open if anyone is free to access, use, modify, and share it — subject, at most, to measures that preserve provenance and openness."
- The Open Definition
http://opendefinition.org/
Key Features of Openness ! Universal
! Access
! Reuse and redistribution
Universal ! Anyone means anyone!
! Not restricted by purpose or field of endeavour
! Not subject to commercial restriction
Open Access ! Data and publications available as a
whole
! Available at reasonable cost (i.e. no more than costs of reproduction, distribution)
! Preferably available online
Reuse and redistribution ! Data and publications available in
convenient, standard formats
! Data available in modifiable, machine readable formats
! Data available in bulk
! Data available under an open license that permits re-use
Open Science Panton Principles (1/2) ! Panton Principles ! http://pantonprinciples.org/
! When publishing data make an explicit and robust statement of your wishes.
! Use a recognized waiver or license that is appropriate for data.
Panton Principles (2/2) ! If you want your data to be effectively used and
added to by others it should be open as defined by the Open Knowledge/Data Definition – in particular non-commercial and other restrictive clauses should not be used.
! Explicit dedication of data underlying published science into the public domain via PDDL or CCZero is strongly recommended and ensures compliance with both the Science Commons Protocol for Implementing Open Access Data and the Open Knowledge/Data Definition.
Open Source ! Open access to tools for producing, processing,
analyzing and publishing research data are key to the uptake of Open Knowledge in research ! Open Source Software
! Open Source Hardware
! Provide transparency as to how raw data was processed
! Particularly important for data preservation: ensuring long-term universal access to complex data published via custom data formats
Open Learning ! Open educational resources (OER)
! Resources for teaching and learning provided under open licenses
! Empower non-experts to understand how to interpret and apply open research data to solve problems
Open Access Policies ! Many Institutions and funding bodies
such as the ARC or NHMRC have Open Access Policies
! Search policies by funding body: ! http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/juliet/
! UQ's Open Access for UQ Research Outputs Policy ! Publications should be published via UQ
espace as soon as possible after publication, within 12 months
Data is a platform
Data becomes knowledge when it is useful, usable, used
How to Publish Open Research Data? Before Data has been collected
1. Obtain permission to share data when obtaining informed consent if working with human research
2. Be clear about who owns and has the right to publish the data
After Data has been collected
1. Decide whether it is useful or appropriate to publish the data
2. Anonymise data as appropriate
3. Select an open license
4. Make the data available
5. Make the data discoverable
Describing Open Data ! Metadata (data describing data) is
crucial for ensuring your research data can be: ! Discovered
! Re-used
! Shared
! Cited
! Preserved
! Use standard metadata schemas such as Dublin Core and open machine-readable formats for the data itself to ensure your data will remain usable long-term
Where to Publish?
! Talk to your librarian
! Read ANDS Guides ! http://www.ands.org.au/guides/index.html
! Read Open Data Handbook ! http://opendatahandbook.org/
! Learn about Open Knowledge from OKFN AU
Need help?
! UQ eSpace
! Domain-specific data repositories
What does the OKF do? ! Providing a bridge between open communities
! Promoting open knowledge
! Building networks through meetups & events
! Campaigning to open key data
! Developing open knowledge projects
! Providing infrastructure for open knowledge projects e.g. web hosting, CKAN software
Bridging Communities ! Hackers ! Hackerspaces, Makerspaces, Developer Meetups
! Open Government ! Gov 2.0, GovCamp, AusGoal Practitioners
! Data Journalists ! Hacks/Hackers
! Researchers ! NeCTAR OpenStack, Universities
! Citizens
! OKF Volunteers
OKF AU Governance
Software: CKAN ! Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network
(CKAN)
! Open Source Open Data Portal software developed by OKFN
! Used by many open data portals worldwide e.g. datahub.io project and data.gov.au
Software: Annotator ! Developed by OKFN for Open
Shakespeare project
! Extended by UQ eResearch to support Open Annotation in the context of humanities research and scholarly editing
Meetups Open Knowledge Brisbane
http://www.meetup.com/Open-Knowledge-Brisbane-Meetup-Group/
Workshops, debates, social events
Events: GovHack ! 48 hour hackathon held annually each
July: ! 11 cities
! Over 1300 participants ! $256,000 in prizes
! Participants develop apps, web sites and data visualisations using open Government data http://www.govhack.org/
Example GovHack Projects ! ~200 projects developed over 48 hour period: ! AussieMon – UQ student project - Australian native
animal card game (like Pokemon)
! When the heck am I? – overlays historical photos
! Stat.Map – 3D based visualisations of open spatial data from ABS etc
! Show the gap – visualises disparity between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians
UQ @ GovHack ! UQ student teams won several national and local
prizes including overall Best University Team
Events: Health Hack
Data hack for solving medical research problems
http://www.healthhack.com.au/
AU Projects: Hipster Map ! Community-developed and
maintained map of "hipster" locations around Melbourne
! http://hipstermelbourne.org/
Thanks
Contact:
Anna Gerber
ITEE eResearch, UQ
http://www.itee.uq.edu.au/eresearch/