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Technical English II

Mining operations

Susana Daz Merino

Teacher of English

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Objectives

To identify concepts related to typesof mineral.

To review the mining cycle process. To develop exercises.

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Learning 1

Minerals

rying

!oasting

Test "pril ##nd

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Mining

Mining is the process of extracting mineral from theearths crust, the land and the seas.

There are two types of mining, underground and open pit.

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Stages in mining

There are four stages to mining:

Prospecting: looking for mineral deposits.

Exploring: Evaluating the sie, shape, location and economic

value of the deposit.!eveloping: Preparing the acces to the deposit.

Exploiting : Extracting the minerals.

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Professionals

Environmental engineer

"eochemist

"eologist"eophysicist

#ydrogeologist

MinerMining engineer

Safety engineer

Mining operators

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Types of Minerals

Metalliferous $ minerals containing metal

%onmetalliferous$ does not contain metal

&rnamental stones$ used for decorativepurposes in

construction and monumental sculptures.

'uilding stones$ used in constructions

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Minerals

copper goldiron

Lead

manganese

Tin zinc

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Phosphate rock

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Travertine

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Head frame

DriftCage

Dragline Shovel Drill

ConveyorDump truck Mining skip

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(ead and answer

Process of extracting mineral from the earth)s crust refers to

Mention the types of mining

Minerals that cointain metals are

These types of minerals do not cointain metals Minerals used for decorative purposes

'orax and coal are examples of

Examples of metalliferous ores are

Mining

underground and open pit

coal, bauxite

Metalliferous ores

marble, limestone

Nonmetalliferous ores

Copper, iron, lead

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Mineral $r%sher $r%shing Mill

&ater

'roth (otation

rying

!oasting

Melting

$onverti

on

!"' E!

'inalprod%ct

coppercathod

efresh your kno!ledge

)l%rry

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rying

*ey words:!rying

!ryer

Moisture

+aporiation

#eat air

#eat transfer

(otary dryer

Screw conveyor dryer

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e*nitions

!rying process $ transfer process, consisting of the removal of

water y evaporation from a particle.

!ryer$ machine to remove water from a particle y

evaporation.

Moisture$ is the presence of li-uid, especially water into a

particle.

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+apori,ation -transition from a li%idphase to steam phase.

/eating air- the action of ma0inghot or warm the temperat%re of theair by an electrical resistor.

/eat transfer- thermic energyexchange from one place to another.

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(otary dryer$ industrial dryer used to reduce theli-uid moisture content of the material y direct contact with

heat air.

t is a cylindrical tue, usually supportedy concrete columns.

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Screw conveyor dryer$ this machine can remove water fromparticles y a indirect contact, inside of a cylindrical shell.

/carcasa .

This e-uipment consists of a gyratory screw that moves the

humid material inside the e-uipment allowing an efficientdrying.

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ryers classi*cation

Type of contact Type of process

Direct "ndirect Continuos #atch

$"n this processthe dryer never

stops of !orking

$

$"n this process the

dryer stops to load

and unload the

material$

$Heat hair is in

direct contact

!ith the dryer%&

$Heat air is incontact !ith the

cylindrical shell&

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0ook at the pictures

Drying process

'aporization otary dryer Scre! Conveyor

dryer

Heat transfer