Operating Instructions Fluid bed dryer 1. Principle of the Fluid Bed Dryer The air stream, induced by the fan (2) in the upper part of the cabinet, passes through the air heater (7) and the pre-filter (9). After the heat- ing has been completed, the purif- ied, hot air passes through the pro- duct container (43) from bottom to top, by which means the product is brought to the fluidised state. The Nylon filter set (39) which follows in sequence prevents any carry-over of the product. When drying pro- ducts with a relatively high contents of water (above 20°/o), the air is almost completely saturated with water steam after having passed the product once. This air is blown into the atmosphere by means of an outgoing air channel. When drying products with a low contents of water, the outgoing air may be re- added to the fresh air by installing a recirculating air flap. 2. Connection of the Fluid Bed Dryer a) General It is essential that the building floor on which the dryer shall be placed, is level; it is not necessary to prov- ide for a floor fastening. However, it is recommended to lay a plate of 5-10 mm thickness underneath the dryer in order to avoid that the rub- ber sealing fixed to the lower part of the door pushes the dust lying on the floor into the cabinet when closing the door. The inlet and out- let air ducts should be led into the open air on the shortest way pos- sible and the bends be reduced to a minimum. In order to avoid too big air resistances, it is advisable to increase the cross section of the duct by 1,2 to 1,5 times of the sok- ket of the cabinet. If several drying units are placed side by side, the inlet and outlet air ducts have to be fixed separately for each drying unit. It is very important to check the direction of rotation of the fan mo- tor by comparing it with the direct- ion arrow fixed on the motor. The air volume will decrease by at least 40 to 50°/o if the direction of rotat- ion is not correct. The dryer must be grounded at some point. If the fan blade, which is balanced electro-dynamically, is supplied in unfixed condition, it is important that this blade is protected against shocks. It has to be fitted carefully AEROMATIC LTD. Technical Air Installations and Apparatus Farnsburgerstrasse 6 4132 Muttenz-Basle (Switzerland) Phone (061) 53 21 88 Packaging - Processing Bid on Equipment 1-847-683-7720 www.bid-on-equipment.com
Transcript
Operating Instructions Fluid bed dryer
1. Principle of the Fluid Bed Dryer
The air stream, induced by the fan (2) in the upper part of the cabinet, passes through the air heater (7) and the pre-filter (9). After the heat-ing has been completed, the purif-ied, hot air passes through the pro-duct container (43) from bottom to top, by which means the product is brought to the fluidised state. The Nylon filter set (39) which follows in sequence prevents any carry-over of the product. When drying pro-ducts with a relatively high contents of water (above 20°/o), the air is almost completely saturated with water steam after having passed the product once. This air is blown into the atmosphere by means of an outgoing air channel. When drying products with a low contents of water, the outgoing air may be re-added to the fresh air by installing a recirculating air flap.
2. Connection of the Fluid Bed Dryer
a) General
It is essential that the building floor on which the dryer shall be placed, is level; it is not necessary to prov-ide for a floor fastening. However, it is recommended to lay a plate of 5-10 mm thickness underneath the dryer in order to avoid that the rub-ber sealing fixed to the lower part of the door pushes the dust lying on the floor into the cabinet when closing the door. The inlet and out-let air ducts should be led into the open air on the shortest way pos-sible and the bends be reduced to a minimum. In order to avoid too big air resistances, it is advisable to increase the cross section of the duct by 1,2 to 1,5 times of the sok-ket of the cabinet. If several drying units are placed side by side, the inlet and outlet air ducts have to be fixed separately for each drying unit.
It is very important to check the direction of rotation of the fan mo-tor by comparing it with the direct-ion arrow fixed on the motor. The air volume will decrease by at least 40 to 50°/o if the direction of rotat-ion is not correct. The dryer must be grounded at some point. If the fan blade, which is balanced electro-dynamically, is supplied in unfixed condition, it is important that this blade is protected against shocks. It has to be fitted carefully
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onto the motor shaft by means of turning a screw into the provided thread. For mending small colour damages, perhaps occuring during transport, a small quantity of paint is attached to each dryer. For the dryer model ST 200 the rubber sealing (24) supplied with the dryer has to be jammed in bet-ween the flanges (66). The rods (52) are to be fixed to the lever (105) by means of a bolt (38) and the rods (45) to the lever (106).
b) Connection of steam
The control valve (34) has to be installed outside the dryer into the steam feed line (32) at a place eas-ily accessible. If space is too small between the backwall of the dryer and the building wall, this valve may also be fitted at the side wall of the dryer as per Fig. 5. The cont-rol valve is protected against dirt by means of an easily accessible dirt collector (33). A hand release valve (31) has to be installed in the steam duct before the control valve. It is recommended to shut this valve when interrupting drying for a lon-ger time.
c) Electrical connection
The inlet cables leading from the network to the electrical switch box are to be connected with the term-inals RST 0 and E according to Fig. 16 for the electrically heated apparatus and according to Fig. 17 for the steam heated dryer. RST are the three outer conductors, 0 is the central conductor and E the earth wire. If the switch box is fitted outside the working room, the following connections from the ap-paratus to the switch box have to be effected: In case of direct starting (ST 15) a four pole cable from the terminals UVW at the fan motor contactor and 0 or E at the terminal board to the corresponding terminals at the fan motor according to the loc-al prescriptions. In case of a star-delta starter (ST 30, ST 60, ST 100, ST 200) a seven pole cable from the terminals UVW ZXY at the fan contactor and 0 or E at the term-inal board to the corresponding terminals at the fan motor. In case of a steam heated dryer the magnet steam valve (34) has to be connected to the terminals a and c. In case of electrically heated dryers connections have to be effected from the terminals U1 V1 W1 U2V2 W2 ... etc. (according to the num-ber of the heating contactors) at the heating contactors to the ac-cordingly marked terminals in the terminal box mounted on the top of the dryer. There must also lead an earth wire from the terminal box to the earth wire terminal in the switch
box. When having an automatic shaker the shaker motor has to be connected with a four pole cable to the contactor with the terminal mark UaVaWa and to the terminal board 0 or E. The signal (26) must be connected to the terminals a and d too. Finally one end of the self safety control line (103) has to be inserted in the plug (104) on the top of the dryer and the other end in the socket of the switch box. Attention: The self-safe control line has to be laid separately, i.e. with a distance of at least 20 cm, on ac-count of inductive effects by the remaining lines. The corresponding actuating tens-ion is always 220 volts and has to be protected externally to 6 A. The feeding wires have to be connected to the terminals a b in the electrical switch box as per Fig. 16 or 17. Is no actuating tension of 220 volts available, the customer has to prov-ide for a transformer. The capacity of the transformer is calculated as follows: Amount of power input of all magnet coils multiplied by 0,5. The power input of the single mag-net coils is as follows:
a) Motor starters:
Typ DSL 10 = 65 VA Typ DSL 310 = 130 VA Typ DSL 330 = 320 VA Typ DSL 350 = 840 VA Typ DSL 359 = 840 VA b) Heating contactors: Typ DSL 30 = 160 VA
3. Operation:
a) Before the drying process
1. Filling in of the product into the product container (43). The filled in material shall immediately be dried and shall not remain in the dryer in undried condition.
2. Pushing in of the container into the dryer cabinet.
3. Fastening of the container by means of turning the lever (44).
4. In case of dryers with earthing basket the plug (41) of the earth-ing cable (40) has to be conn-ected to the plug coupling (37).
5. Setting of the temperature at the potentiometer (29).
6. Setting of the drying time at the timer (25).
7. Setting of the recirculating air flap (5) by means of the handle (16). (The recirculating air flap is not standard and is installed at special request only. When dry-ing products with a low moisture contents, a larger volume of re-circulating air may be added to the fresh air, whereas in case of products with a high degree of moisture, a smaller volume of re-circulating air may be added). When drying products contain-
1. Shake off the filter set (39). In case of an automatic shaker, press the button (48) and switch off the shaker motor by pressing button (49) after about 10 sec-onds.
2. Lower the product container by turning the lever (44).
3. Drive out and discharge cont-ainer (43).
4. Protection against explosions (see Fig. 20).
a) Explosion panels in the back- or side wall of the dryer
All our dryers are equipped with explosion panels (71) as additional safety devices which serve the pur-pose to have the explosion pressure escape in case an explosion should arise. The panels consist of a sheet steel frame, one or several easily movable polyester flaps, complete rubber sealing and various hinges. Owing to the low-pressure in the dryer the flaps are pressed against the rubber sealing during the dry-ing process. They open instantly in a time of about 0,1 sec. when the slightest over-pressure occurs. It has to be observed that the dryer is possibly placed towards an outer wall and that a channel (20),pos-sibly without bends and leading in-to the atmosphere, is fixed to the frame.
b) Device for eliminating electros-tatic charges
The earthing baskets (42 and 76) in-stalled in the material container serve the purpose to eliminate elec-trostatic charges. The elimination of the charges in the filter set is effected via the wire rope (24) to the mass of the cabinet.
c) Earthing control device
The earthing control device (75) allows the setting to work of the dryer only then when a conductive connection is effected between the grounding basket (42) and the mass of the cabinet. The electronic ex control block (94) does therefore not only serve for the self safety but also as earthing control device.
ing alcohol or solvents, it is un- 2 der no circumstances permitted to add recirculating air to the fresh air.
8. Press the starter button (22). 9. Slowly open the air control flap
(3) by turning the lever (15) until the product fluidises. Should the product not fluidise, the air flap has to be opened and closed quickly a few times.
10. After the time set at the timer has expired, the fan switches off automatically.
b) After the drying
•
10 21 Fig. 6 Type STd
10 21
Fig. 4 Type STe
10 21
Fig. 1 Type STd
Fig. 2 Type STe
Fig. 3 Type STd
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Fig. 8 ST - 30
Fig. 9 ST - 60
Fig. 10 ST -100
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•Fig. 12
Fig. 13
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Fig. 14
Fig. 15
•d) Explosion-proof electrical
instruments
All electrical operating instruments are self safe and consequently ex-plosion proof. This is achieved by connecting them to a self safe cir-cuit and therefore the current flow-ing through them is so minimum that no inflammable sparks can ar-ise. The control elements, contact-ors and starters in the electrical switch box (28) are non-explosion-
proof. If the dryer is installed in a working room where all electrical parts are explosion proof, this switch box has to be mounted out-side this working room.
5. Mounting and dismounting of the Nylon filter set
a) Common multi sleeved type filter The single filter sleeves (39) are first hung up in the loops of the ring (6) and then fastened to the filter bag frame (4) by means of a stretch band (80); see Fig. 4. The shaking off of the filter set is effec-ted by moving the lever (17) a few times. The dismounting of the filter is effected in reverse sequence.
b) Ex-filter (see Fig. 20)
The Nylon filter bag (39) is put over the grounding matrix (76) outside the dryer (see Fig. 14), whereupon the two nuts (50) are to be tight-ened (see Fig. 13). Then, the lower part of the bag is turned up by about 20 cm and fastened to the corresponding loops (56).The comp-lete set is then placed on the filter bag frame (4) and inserted in the plug coupling (85) (see Fig. 16). Now the loops are loosened again and the lower part of the filter let down. The fixation of the filter in the plug coupling is then effected by inserting the bolt (84) (see Fig. 17). After the filter has been fixed, it is lifted by pulling down the handle (86) and clamped automatic-ally in the catching device (87) (see Fig. 18). Finally the cylindrical part of the filter is fixed to the filter bag frame (4) by means of the steel band (80) (see Fig. 19). The stretch-ing of the filter is effected by pull-ing out the clamping bolt (88). When dismounting the filter, the shaker lever (17) has to be pulled down and the clamping bolt (88) inserted. Then, the toggle lock of the steel band of the filter is loos-ened and the lower part of the filter turned up again and fastened to the loops. Hereupon, the handle (78) has to be pulled down with one hand, whereas the other hand has to hold the whole filter set at the handle (86) at the same time. It is important to hold the filter set, otherwise it my fall down on the container. Now the complete set may slowly be let down on the fil-ter bag frame. The clamping bolt (84) is pulled out and the filter can be removed from the plug coupling. By pulling down the lever (17) sev-eral times, the dust accumulated in the filter will be shaken off.
6. Description of the electrical installation
The electrical installation consists of: a) Instrument panel (57) having the
following instruments installed:
1 timer (25) for setting the drying time 1 Potentiometer (29) for setting the drying temperature 2 push buttons On-Off (22 and 23) for actuating the motor
thermometer (13) for indicating the inlet air temperature 1 thermometer (14) for indicating the outgoing air temperature
b) 1 AC motor (1) for driving the blower fan
c) Electrical heating: a number of heating elements Steam heating: a control valve (34) for steam injection
d) Additional switching elements: temperature feeler (21) (measur-ing of resistance by means of nickel spiral), 2 excess tempera-ture fuses (bi-metal switch item 12), 1 excess temperature safety fuse (8 - for increased safety air heater only)
e) Switch box (28) with: 1 star-delta starter for actuating
the fan motor (dryer model ST 15 for direct starting). The spe-cification of the models of the contactors, the size of fuses and the setting value of the over current relais are to be taken of the diagrams Fig. 16 and 17.
1 to 18 heating contactors for switching on and off the heat-ing elements of the electrical air heater. The number of the heating contactors and the size of the corresponding fuses may be seen out of the diagram Fig. 16.
Various safety elements (92). Number and size according to capacity.
1 assistant contactor for the swi-tching on of the heating cont-actors (only necessary for the electrically heated dryer)
1 electronic temperature control block (93) for temperature cont-rol
1 electronic ex control block (94) for effecting the self-safety
1 electronic ex control block (95) for effecting the self-safety (in-stalled only when automatic shaker fitted)
1 electronic modulator (74) for eliminating the control-inaccur-acy affected by the heating capacity of the air heater (for steam or hot water heating only).
Functioning of the electrical install-ation:
The drying time, determined by tests, is set for each individual product at the timer (25) on the instrument pa-nel (57). Thus, the self-safe control circuit is closed and the installation ready for operation, i.e. by actu-ating the push-button (22) the dryer is set to work. After the drying time set has expired, the control circuit
ST-15 2,2 DSL 10 20A 9 A. DSL 10 16A. 5,2A. DSL 10 16A. 4,7/4,5 A. ST-30 4,4 SDSLK 310 25A. 9 A. SDSLK 310 16A. 5,3 A. SDSLK 310 16 A. 4,8 /4,5 A. ST-60 8,8 SDSLK 330 36A. 17,6 A. SDSLK 315 36A. 10,6 A. SDSLK 315 25A. 9,8/9,2 A. ST-100 15 SDSLK 350 63A. 30,2A SDSLK 330 36A. 17,1. A. SDSLK 330 36A. 16 /15,1 A. ST-200 30 SDSLK 359 100A. 55,7A. SDSLK 350 63A. 32,5A. SDSLK 350 63A 29,6/27,8 A.
97 102
1011 100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 11 12 1
92 92 136 Amp
1
90
DSL 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
9
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
is interrupted and the dryer is out of operation. One electronic ex control block serves to effect the self-safety mentioned and actuates the corresponding contactors. Also on the instrument panel (57) a pot-entiometer (29) is installed for the temperature control. This potent-
Ilteter forms a bridge switching eth e r with the temperature feeler
(21) and three precision resistances contained in the electronic control block. When the set drying temper-ature is exceeded, i.e. when the nickel spiral of the feeler reaches a certain resistance value, the elec-trical bridge is equilibrated and the steam shut-off valve switched off or the circuit of the heating cont-actors interrupted. In the reverse sequence, when the drying temp-erature falls below the set value, this electric bridge is tuned off and the steam valve switched on again and the circuit of the heating cont-actors closed respectively again. An electronic temperature control block serves to strengthen the exremely low bridge tension; consequently it actuates the corresponding cont-actors. In cases where the thermal inertia of the air heater owing to strong temperature increases above the set value is perceptible (in cases of steam-heating only), the air he-ater has to be fed intermittently
3 ith energy during the heating-up period. The effect of this feeding is ascertained in intervals by the temp-erature control block (93). A so-called electronic modulator serves to remove the control inaccuracy caused by the heating capacity of the air heater.
Setting of the modulator (see Fig. 21)
The modulator is set in the supplier's workshop on account of values ga-thered by experience. Owing to the variety of the heating systems being applied, it may perhaps be neces-sary to adjust the modulator esp-ecially when during operation too big a temperature fluctuation is be-ing registered. The adjusting is done as follows: a) Higher setting of temperature
above the nominal value: The screw slit (79) of the trim-potentiometer (82) has to be turned in counter-clockwise dir-ection. If this is of no use, the screw slit (83) of the trim-pot-entiometer (81) has to be turned in clockwise direction.
b) Inferior setting of temperature below the nominal value: The screw slit (79) has to be turned in clockwise direction, and the screw (83) in counter-clock-wise direction respectively.
A quickly acting resistance thermo-meter has to be fitted beside the
feeler (21) for the temperature cont-rol. For your guidance, the trim-pot-entiometer (82) influences the in-jection time, the trim-potentiometer (83) the intervals.
The excess temperature safety fuse
This fuse is formed by the bi-metal switches (8 and 12) which are ar-ranged in the air stream before and after the air heater and on the electrical heating elements respect-ively (for increased safety air hea-ters only). These bi-metal switches are an additional safety for excess of temperature in case any action of the control elements should fail; in such case they interrupt the self-safe control circuit. When the temp-erature falls below the admissible temperature, the control circuit will be closed automatically again and by pressing the button "on» (22) reset in operation.
Explanation to the electrical wiring diagrams
The electrical switch box may be affixed to the dryer only when the entire electrical installation of the working room is not of explosion-proof nature; otherwise this box must be flushed through with comp-ressed air or be fixed outside the working room. If the dryer is not equipped with an earthing control device, the terminals 1 and 2 of the instrument panel are to be bridged over.
a) to Fig. 16
This drawing shows the current running plan of an electrically heated dryer. For the dryer model STe-15 the connexions X, Y and Z are omitted, because the fan motor is started directly. If no automatic shaker mechanism is installed, the starter (96), the ex-control block (95) and the instru-ment panel (27) are omitted as well as the signal lamp. The num-ber of the heating contactors (91) depends on the heating cap-acity as well as on the working tension (1 to 18 pieces).
b) to Fig. 17
This drawing shows the current running plan of a steam-heated dryer. For the dryer model STd-15 the connexions X, Y and Z are omitted, because the fan motor is started directly. If no automatic shaker mechanism is installed, the starter (96), the ex control block (95) and the ins-trument panel (27) are omitted.
Any breakdowns that may arise
Under normal conditions, the heat-ing contactors and the starter do not require special maintenance. When operating properly, the swit-ching on and off is audible as a
slight stroke. If the contactors rattle considerably, either the actuating voltage deviates too much from the voltage of the bobbins (deviations of ± 10 0/0 admissible), or the mov-able elements at the contactors are hindered from working properly. It is also possible that accumulation of dust may cause this chattering. In case of a breakdown of the elect-rical unit first of all it must be checked whether the heat bundle of the starter (red button) has an electrical passage (terminals 95 and 96) and whether the grounding bas-ket (42) is by means of the cable in connection with the instrument panel (57). If the breakdown is still not overcome, the bi-metal switches have to be checked as to contact and the temperature feeler as to resistance (about 30 Ohm). Only after all these points have been checked, the circuit has to be checked, beginning with the motor, heating, contactors. Please see also the attached wiring diagram in this connection (16 and 17).
7. Automatic shaker mechanism (see Fig. 23)
With the dryer model ST 200 the shaking off of the filter bags is effected automatically. The automa-tic shaker may also be incorporated in the dryer models ST 30 through 100. The shaker arm (53) is actuated by the eccentric (54), resting on the shaft of the gear motor (67), and is pulled up resp. back by the spring (61). The eccentric (54) runs on the friction roll (63) in the direction of rotation indicated by the arrow.
Fig. 22
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68
39
Fig. 23
When the shaker arm (53) recoils, the friction roll (63) shall not stroke onto the eccentric (54), but the shaker arm (53) onto the specially provided rubber buffer (64). The rubber buffer may be put in the proper position by adjusting the fastening angle (65). If the single tubes of the filter set (39) should not stretch sufficiently or cannot be inserted or taken out easily, the height of the bag ring (6) may be adjusted by means of the threaded rod (68). If the shaker arm (53) is not pulled upwards sufficiently high enough, the spring (61) may be stretched more strongly by turning the clamping device (62). The switching on of the automatic
shaker device is effected by push-ing the button (48) installed in the special instrument panel (27), and it is switched off by pushing the but-ton (49). The signal lamp (26) flu-shes during the shaking procedure.
8. Maintenance of the dryer
The inlet air filter (9) should be spray-washed by water approximat-ely every two or three months dep-ending on the amount of dirt and should be replaced after about one year. If constantly the same gran-ular material is being dried, the filter sets (39) are to be washed approximately every two weeks (temperature max. 60° C). The ret-aining screen of the material cont-
ainer (43) shall be cleaned period- 12 ically. — For the maintenance of the motor, please use the general operating instructions of the motor suppliers. According to the content of lime in the steam the magnet valve has to be decalcified by dipp-ing in Brindizin about every year. In order to keep the rubber gaskets flexible at the doors, explosion panels, divider panels and frames, it is recommended to smear the same periodically with glycerin. The bolts of the hinges of the explosion panels should always be well lubric-ated. It is essential to check per-iodically the proper function of the explosion panels by lifting the pan-els away from the framing.
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Key: 1 AC motor 2 blower fan 3 air control flap 4 filter bag frame 5 re-circulating air flap 6 bag ring 7 air heater 8 excess temperature safety fuse 9 inlet air filter
10 feeler to inlet air thermometer 11 feeler to outgoing air thermo-
meter 12 excess temperature safety fuse 13 inlet air thermometer 14 outgoing air thermometer 15 lever to air control flap 16 lever to re-circulating air flap 17 lever to shaking device 18 door 19 sight glass 20 expansion channel 21 resistance feeler 22 push-button «on» fan 23 push-button «off» fan 24 wire rope 25 timer for drying time 26 signal lamp 27 instrument panel 28 electric switch box 29 potentiometer 30 air inlet 31 hand release valve 32 steam inlet 33 dirt collector 34 control valve 35 steam trap
36 condensate drain 37 plug coupling 38 bolt with snap ring 39 Nylon filter set 40 grounding cable 41 plug 42 grounding basket 43 material container 44 lever to trolley 45 lever rods 46 trolley 47 scale for re-circulating air flap 48 push-button «on» shaker 49 push-button <off» shaker 50 nut 51 air outlet 52 connection lever to control flap 53 shaker arm 54 eccentric disk 55 screws 56 loops 57 instrument panel 58 rubber bearing 59 hinges to explosion flaps 60 pillow block 61 spiral spring 62 stretcher 63 friction roll 64 rubber buffer 65 angle 66 flange 67 gear motor 68 threaded rod 69 flange to steam duct 70 return pulley 71 explosion panel 72 flange
73 grounding duct 74 modulator 76 Ex filter matrix 77 pointer to re-circulating air flap 78 handle 79 screw-slit 80 steel band 81 trim-potentiometer 82 trim-potentiometer 83 screw slit 84 stopping bolt 85 plug coupling 86 handle 87 catching device 88 stopping 90 starter for fan motor 91 heating contactor 92 safety element 93 electronic temperature control
block 94 electronic ex control block 95 electronic ex control block to
automatic shaker 96 starter for shaker motor 97 terminal 98 multi-polar plug to 103 99 terminal board
100 connection with grounding basket
101 connection with excess temper-
ature safety fuse (8 and 12) 102 connection to temperature
feeler (21) 103 self-safe control line 104 plug to 103 105 lever 106 lever
filling weight of humid product in kgs 15-22 30-45 drying time in mins. 20-50 20-50 R. P. M. of fan 2900 2900 air volume in m3/min 15 30 Static pressure in mm WS 300 300 capacity of container in litres 90 175 motor power in HP 3 5,5 heating capacity:a) steamheated in kcal/h 9000 31 000
- b) electrically heated in KW 10,8 39,6 heating up of air from 'C to '0 +15 to 50 —10 to 50
D
0 View of rear wali of dryer 0 steam connection 0 condensate connection 0 exhaust air 10 supply air
