Copyright 2016 Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation

Opportunity Charging EV Concept for Urban Transport and Advantage of Toshiba’s LTO Technology (SCiBTM)

Peter Blumrich

Director Buttery Business Development

Toshiba Europe GmbH

AABC Europe, 2017

1, February, 2017

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 2

Introduction

Toshiba CorporationFounded: July 1875Net Sales (FY2015) : EUR 44,3 Billion (*)Employee (Mar.2016) : 187,809Focus Business Fields :

(*) 1EUR=128JPY / From April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016

Not Energy Storage, but Data Storage…(Contribute to creating the infrastructure of the information society)

Realize a safe, secure and resilient society

Realize a low-carbon economy

Global Headquarterin Tokyo

Smart Community Center in Kawasaki

Make urban transport smarter and more environmental-friendly

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 3

Electric Bus

Market Trend

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 4

Electric Bus Market Trend in Europe

Source : UITP Training Program on Electric Buses Geneva, 26-28 September 2016

Total delivered and ordered volume up to E/2016 : Approx. 1,300 busses

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025

Market is expected to expand in next 10 yearsto the level of several thousand busses per year

Battery95673%Plug-in hybrid

876%

Trolley27121%

Overnight 614 64%

Opportunity 342 36%

Source : ZeEUS eBus Reporthttp://zeeus.eu/uploads/publications/documents/zeeus-ebus-report-internet.pdf

� EV bus market today is still on prototype or pilot quantity (<10 vehicle per tender)� However, there is an trend that size of tender is becoming larger (10-20 vehicle per tender)� Real large volume tenders are expected 2018 onwards (>10 vehicle per tender)

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 5

Two Different Charging Concepts

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 6

Comparison of between Opportunity Charging and Depot Charging

Opportunity Charging Depot Charging

Battery Cost 75-150kWh 250kWh-350kWh

Infrastructure CostHigh power, Automatic

2-3 stations per lineLow power, Manual

Equivalent to the number of buses

Impact to GridShort peak

during charging Big constant load in case many

busses are charged at the same place

EfficiencyBattery Weight : 1.5t

(Equivalent to 20 passengers)Battery Weight : 3t

(Equivalent to 40 passengers)

TCO (*) 0.69 EUR/ km 1.09 EUR / km

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

Opportunity Charging Depot Charging Diesel

Emisssions

S&M OP

Energy OP

Charger CAP

Battery CAP

Vehicle CAP

(*) Case study for Tromsö citySource : “Electric busses: from pre-commercial pilot to roll-out” by Mikko Pihlatie, VTT Technical Research of Finland in BusVision , Oct. 2016

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 7

Benefits and Challenges : Opportunity Charging Concept

Opportunity changing concept have benefits to depot charging

thanks to smaller battery in capacity, volume, and weight.

� More Passengers

� Better Energy Efficiency

� Lower Recycling Cost

� Lower Environmental Impact

But also challenges…

� High charge power acceptance (4-5C charging during 5-10 min.)

� Long cycle Life (15 times x 365 days x 15 years : 82,125 cycles)

� High output / input power for acceleration and recuperation

with relatively small capacity.

Optimized for TCO

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 8

Toshiba LTO Technology (SCiBTM)

for Opportunity Charging Concept

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 9

Toshiba LTO technology (SCiBTM) - Key Features

Safety:Uses highly safe lithium titanium oxide (LTO)

Long life:Over 15,000 full cycles*

Low-temperature operation:Can be used at temperatures as low as -30deg.C

Rapid charging:Rechargeable in 6 minutes*

High input/output:Chargeable at large current and provides large current output

Wide effective SOC range**:Provides a large available capacity

* Measured with a particular single cell under specific conditions** SOC: State of Charge

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 10

Large constant power acceptance

Opportunity charging at line terminal or bus stop possible

5C constant charging available up to 85% of SOC.

Charge rate characteristics of 20Ah cell at 25deg.C

85%

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 11

No risk of lithium plating

No risk of lithium metal plating

Much longer life even on stressful usage condition for LIB(high charge current / cold temperature)

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 12

Little change of Anode thickness during charge/discharge cycles

Much lower mechanical stress over life

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 13

Feedback from the field

High level of reliability on lifetime performance

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 14

Business Concept and Supply Chain

cell

module

system

micro HEV, e-Bus / Hybrid Bus / Tram (Europe & US)

e-Car, e-Bus (Japan & US), Trolley Bus (Russia)

Power Station

Partnering with several local system integrators

product market

Battery SystemIntegrator (Tier-1)

Battery SystemIntegrator (Tier-1)

Meet customer by customer / project by project requirements

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 15

Patent power on oxide anode technology

【【【【US Patent power related to oxide anode of lithium ion battery】】】】

Score of the best patent Source : Patent Result Co., Ltd.https://www.patentresult.co.jp/news/2016/12/ltous.html

Tota

l p

ate

nt

sco

re

Power of thebest patent

Total patent power

Size of Circle : Number of effective patentVertical Axis : Total patent scoreHorizontal Axis : Score of the best patent

No.1 Patent power on oxide anode

Confirmed pioneer and leader of LTO technology

A

B

C

D

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 16

Opportunity Charging Concept

for Future Passenger Vehicle

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 17

Latest Trends of Automotive Industry

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 18

EV Solution (after Autonomous Vehicle comes)

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 19

Image of Public EV Solution with SCiBTM

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 20

Copyright 2016, Toshiba Europe GmbH / Toshiba Corporation 21