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CONTENT
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INTRODUCTION
With the growth of computing technology theneed of high performance computers (HPC)has significantly increased. Optics has been
used in computing for a number of years butthe main emphasis has been and continues tobe to link portions of computers, forcommunications, or more intrinsically in
devices that have some optical application orcomponent (optical pattern recognition etc.)
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WHY WE NEED OPTICAL COMPUTERS?
Rapid growth of the Internet Network speeds currently limited by
electronic circuits
Terabit speeds are required Traditional silicon circuits have a physical
limit
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WHAT IS THE OPTICALCOMPUTING?
Consider E-mail
.txt format
ElectronicTo PhotonicConverter
Fiber opticcables
Optical Computers perform computations,operate, store and transmit data using only
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COMPONENTS FORCOMPUTING
VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface EmittingLaser)
SPT (Smart Pixel Technology)
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)
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VCSEL & PHOTODIODE
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SMART PIXEL
TECHNOLOGYSmart pixel technology is a relatively newapproach to integrating electronic circuitry andoptoelectronic devices in a common framework.
The purpose is to leverage the advantages ofeach individual technology and provide improvedperformance for specific applications.
Here, the electronic circuitry provides complexfunctionality and programmability while theoptoelectronic devices provide high-speedswitching and compatibility with existing opticalmedia.
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DEVICES FOR OPTICAL
COMPUTING Logic gates :Logic gates are implemented optically bycontrolling the population inversion that occursto produce lasing. A controlling laser is used tocontrol the population inversion thus causingswitching to occur.
Holographic truth table:
Destructive interference with light to be emittedor not is based on phase relationship.
Logic based on gratings: 1 is represented by vertical grating causing
light
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TRADITIONALINTERCONNECTIONS
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INTERCONNECTIONS IN OPTICALCOMPUTING
Fiber optic cables and optical transceivers arewidely used.
Applications of optical communications likefiber channel and computer networking arealready being used.
Chip to Chip and On-Chip interconnectionpossibilities are still being examined.
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APPLICATION
High speed communications Process satellite data.
Storage area Network Optical crossbar interconnects are
used in a synchronous transfer modesand shared memory multiprocessorsystems.
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ADVANTAGES
Small size High density High speed It is at least 1000 to100000 times faster
than todays silicon machines Low heating of junctions
Optical computer removes the bottleneckin the present day computers
No short circuits
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FUTURE TRENDS
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It requires high power to work in
consumer products
Creates unwanted interference patterndue to scattering effects
It cannot store phase information
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CONCLUSION
Research in optical computing has opened upnew possibilities in several fields related to highperformance computing, high-speedcommunications. To design algorithms thatexecute applications faster , softwaredevelopment will have a major impact in thefuture and the ground rules for the computingmay have to be rewritten.
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