Emerson Climate Technologies - European Headquarters - Pascalstrasse 65 - 52076 Aachen, GermanyPhone: +49 (0) 2408 929 0 - Fax: +49 (0) 2408 929 570 - Internet: www.emersonclimate.euThe Emerson Climate Technologies logo is a trademark and service mark of Emerson Electric Co. Emerson Climate Technologies Inc. is a subsidiary of Emerson Electric Co.Copeland is a registered trademark and Copeland Scroll is a trademark of Emerson Climate Technologies Inc.. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.Information contained in this brochure is subject to change without notification.
© 2010 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.
For more details, see www.emersonclimate.eu
Optimized Modulation for BuildingsEnjoying Energy Savings and Superior Comfort
Emerson Climate Technologies at a GlanceEmerson Climate Technologies is the world’s leading provider of
heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration solutions
for residential, industrial, and commercial applications. We combine
technically superior products and services from our industry-leading
divisions and brands with our global engineering, design
and distribution capabilities to create reliable, energy efficient
climate systems that improve human comfort, safeguard food,
and protect the environment.
TSC
109-
EN-1
009
Several kinds of HVAC systems are available in the market to provide ambient comfort (cooling and/or
heating, humidity control, ventilation) in commercial buildings. Some systems are using air and/or water
to deliver the required energy, others use directly the refrigerant. Every system offers specific advantages
and it is chosen based on the building size/type, on the geographical area, local best practices, etc...
Treated air as the media for space comfort provides best in class Indoor Air Quality and significant energy
recovery possibilities. This is important and in line with the trend of increasing building tightness and
reduction of kW/m2/year (Energy Performance Building Directive)
Most Air Handling Units are today installed along with chillers and boilers. Direct expansion systems are
not commonly used due to poor capacity modulation resulting in wide variation of the supply air
temperature and therefore poor comfort.
With Copeland Scroll Digital™, providing seamless modulation between 10 to 100% of the nominal load,
direct expansion AHUs featuring optimal supply air temperature and air flow control become possible.
2 3
Reasons for VentilationVentilation in buildings Is Required To:
• Deliver fresh (outdoor) air for people
• Improve people comfort
• Dilute and remove polluted air from the building
• Reduce people exposure to microbiological hazards
• Prevent moisture damage to the building construction
Building Trends & RequirementsEvolving from the Energy Performance Building Directive, the ECO
Design Directive (2009/125/EC) and the Ecolabel for Buildings
several major trends and requirements can be indentified for
commercial buildings:
• Reduction of the building max kWh/m2/year
• Increase of the Building Insulation and tightness, including
specific design for curtains, shadow and building orientation
• Natural and/or optimized (Variable) mechanical ventilation for
fresh and treated air requirements
• Heat recovery systems to treat the air before it gets exhausted
All the above maintaining, of course, a high level of comfort for
the building occupants.
In terms of Air Handling Units, the above translate in:
• Quickly adjustable air flow with high efficiency fans and
modulation
• Wide capacity modulation for precise cooling / heating Control
• Heat recovery function to reduce energy waste
• Reduced leakage duct systems
To be classified under the Eco Design, the consumption target of
30kWh/m2*Year has to be obtained. It forces the builder to offer
significant improvements to the building such as insulation, air
tightness and improved heating systems.
Two other mandatory requirements are to ensure that the exposure
to radon does not exceed a certain limit and that the building
indoor environment is in accordance with EN15251. This naturally
leads to mechanical ventilation.
These two requirements can be adressed and optimized together.
Building ventilation can be used to maximize the air quality and an
optimized cooling / heat pump / heating systems can be used to
minimize the kWh/m2per Year required by the building. If a heat
pump function is being considered, the minimum renewable energy
Eco-label target of 25% for existing building and 50% for new
building, can also be achieved more easily.
Sour
ce :
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nce
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2-butoxy-ethylacetate1-methoxy-2 propylacetatestyrenetrichloroethyleneacroleinetétrachloroethylene2-butoxyethanol1 methoxy2propanolbenzeneethylbenzène
o-xylene1,2,4-trimethylbenzene1,4-dichlorobenzenen-decanem/p xylenen-undecaneacetaldehydetoluenehexaldehydeformaldehyde
Indoor Outdoor0
5
10
15
20
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Con
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Category Explanation
I
II
III
IV
High level of expectation - it is recommendedfor spaces occupied by very sensitive and fragilepersons with special requirements
Normal level of expectation - it should be usedfor new buildings and renovations
An acceptable, moderate level of expectation- it may be used for existing buildings
Values outside the criteria for the abovecategories - this category should only beaccepted for a limited part of the year
Category of Building according EN15251
Major pollutants present in the majority of building stock
4 5
All this being said, the optimization can only bedone through a precise, air flow and well controlledair humidity and temperature.• Air Handling Unit (AHU) systems connected to a chiller and a
boiler are commonly used today. Such system requires auxiliaries
like a buffer tank and a water pump which does not contribute
to energy saving. Secondly heat recovery is not easy to implement
in such a system.
• Direct expansion (DX) systems (split) are either packaged
(Rooftops) or AHU + condensing unit. These units provide better
installed cost and higher efficiency than the standard AHUs with
chiller and boiler but lower comfort.
In fact:
- Capacity modulation by cycling standard compressors on
and off is not enough
- The limited number of compressor starts and stops per hour
further reduce the possibility of modulation
This results in:
- Wide variation of the space temperature: poor comfort
- Limited possibilities for supply air temperature modulation:
limited possibilities for energy saving
To prevent all these drawbacks, wide compressor modulation, able
to function at the very minimum capacity, is a must. The Copeland
Scroll Digital™ has the ability to do so. With a minimum capacity
of 10% versus the nominal, it will be able to adjust the capacity and
overcome all the issues mentioned above.
The Copeland Scroll Digital™ is capable of seamless modulation
between 10 and 100% of the nominal capacity allowing for
immediate load adjustment, and close temperature control
(± 1 K) for optimal comfort. Capacity modulation for this type of
DX systems will allow a reduction in air flow resulting at the very
minimum in significant energy saving from the supply fan.
In addition, the DX solution allows other (or new) heat recovery
systems which will be explained below.
Air Handling Unit With Air Cooled Chiller
© Emerson Climate Technologies - 2010
© Emerson Climate Technologies - 2010
Figure B
Example 1The Copeland Scroll Digital™ is used to recover the heat of the
exhaust air going out of the building. It is used after the traditional
plate heat exchanger and improves the overall performance of the
system. It ensures precise temperature for the air delivered to the
ambient and allows optimization of the supplied air flow.
Example 3Use of Copeland Scroll Digital™ allows the multi terminal unit
approach where only one condensing unit can be connected to
several air handling units. Due to its wide range of modulation, the
compressor capacity will be able to match exactly the load even if
only one AHU does require cooling. It allows the selection of one
big condensing unit matching the peak load of all the AHU versus
the multiple condensing units, each of them matching the max
load of its own.
Example 2When the exhaust and supply fans are separated, the heat recovery
is done by having a refrigerant circuit in between the two AHUs.
Here again the capacity and air flow can be adjusted to increase
the energy saving capabilities and efficiency of the system.
Figure example 1
© Emerson Climate Technologies - 2010
Figure example 2
© Emerson Climate Technologies - 2010
Figure example 3
Temperature Swing
0
2
4
6
8
10
fresh air
outdoor
indoor
return air
returnair
freshair
indoor
indooroutdoor
100% 75% 50% 25%
The Copeland Scroll Digital™Performance AdvantageCopeland Scroll Digital™ technology immediately enhances the
performances of the equipment when working at part load
conditions. Knowing that most of the equipment is oversized and
runs most of the time in part load conditions, the advantage for
the end user is huge. The graph shows the difference between a
constant air flow AHU having a compressor switching on and off
to match the load, and a solution with reduced air flow and constant
temperature delivered to the space thanks to Copeland Scroll
Digital™
Scroll Digital™ Solution for AHUsBenefits Summary• Simple unit with full modulation capabilities (10~100%)
• Immediate load adjustment
• Stepless modulation
• Close temperature control (+/- 1 K)
• Optimal comfort
• Low condensing capabilities
• Energy efficiency
• Possibility to fully modulate the supply air fan
- Large savings on fan absorbed power -> high seasonal
efficiencies
• No complicated electronics & no additional components,
- Simple system architecture
• Easy to install, commission and maintain
• Constant speed operation = simpler system oil return
management
• High reliability due to less starts and stops
• Reduce number of units for multiple evaporator system
- Minimum floor space requirements with maximum cooling
capacity
6 7
Performance Improvement
Percent load
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.10
AHU WithScroll Digital™
Std AHU with FixedCap. Compresors
The Copeland Scroll Digital™ TechnologyDigital Scroll modulation is possible due to the Copeland unique
axial compliance, the scroll has the ability to be loaded or unloaded
through the simple action of the solenoid. The upper scroll lifts up
(1.5mm) and it can adjust the displacement of the compressor as
required.
Unloaded
Loaded
Emerson Climate Technologies Offers:Copeland Scroll Digital™ exists from 8 to 39 kW as single
compressor and can be put in tandem in order to get up to 78 kW
of variable capacity both in R407C and R410A refrigerants;
R410A Digital Scroll™ Line-up
kW Cooling
Single Phase
Three Phases
Tandem
5 10 20 25 30 35 40 45 5015 55 60 65 70 75 80
R407C Digital Scroll™ Line-up
kW Cooling
Single Phase
Three Phases
Tandem
5 10 20 25 30 3515