Oracle Apps 11i Architecture

Oracle Apps 11i Architecture


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Oracle Applications Release 11i • Oracle is a complete enterprise suite of

Financial, Human Resources, Manufacturing, Supply Chain, Front Office Applications

Release 11i uses a Java-based interface• Benefit of graphical client/server software without

installing • Oracle Applications client software on each user’s

desktop.

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E-Business: Oracle Applications 11 i

Oracle Applications Release 11i • Oracle is a complete enterprise suite of

Financial, Human Resources, Manufacturing, Supply Chain, Front Office Applications

Release 11i uses a Java-based interface• Benefit of graphical client/server software without

installing • Oracle Applications client software on each user’s

desktop.

e- Business Suite

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Application SecurityApplication Security

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Oracle Product Families

Oracle Distribution

Oracle Manufacturing

Oracle Projects

Oracle Self service

Oracle Vertical Applications

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Oracle Applications

Product Families

• Oracle Business Productivity Oracle Applications DBA Oracle Application Object Library Oracle Alert Oracle Applications Implementation Wizard Oracle Workflow

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Internet Computing Architecture

Internet Computing Architecture is a framework for three-tiered, distributed computing that supports Oracle Applications products.

The three tiers are the database tier, which manages Oracle8i database; the application tier, which manages Oracle Applications and other tools; and the desktop tier, which provides the user interface display.

With Internet Computing Architecture, only the presentation layer of Oracle Applications is on the desktop tier in the form of a plug-in to a standard Internet browser.

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Oracle Applications 11i

Release 11i includes two principal product suites: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) products, and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) products.

Forms-based Products :• In Release 11 and 11i, the client interface is provided through a

Java applet. • The client can download the applet on demand, or cache the applet

locally and download only when the applet is updated

All updates are installed on the server and are downloaded to the client automatically from the server.

ICA provides Oracle Applications with a framework for multi-tier, distributed computing. In the multi-tier computing model, various functions of the Oracle Applications architecture are distributed among multiple levels, or tiers, of machines.

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Oracle Applications11i Architecture

Application Tier

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Form Based Architecture

Servlet Engine

Java Server Pages (JSP)

Discoverer

WebDB


Form Based Architecture

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Desktop Client Tier

The desktop client runs a Java applet using a Java-enabled web browser or appletviewer.

The applet sends user requests to the forms server and handles such responses as screen updates, pop-up lists, graphical widgets, and cursor movement.

The desktop client’s Java applet is another component of Oracle’s Developer 6i application development tool called the Forms client applet.

It can display any Oracle Applications screen and supports field-level validation, multiple coordinated windows, and data entry aids like lists of values.

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Appletviewer

A web browser or appletviewer manages the downloading and storage of the Forms client applet on each user’s desktop. They also supply the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) that runs the Forms client applet.

JInitiator has to be downloaded which acts as a plug-in for IE5 for running the applet.

JAR File and Security : The Forms client applet is a general-purpose applet that works with all Oracle Applications, including those with customizations and extensions.

To achieve rapid startup and keep network traffic light, the Forms client is packaged as a single Java Archive (JAR) file that contains all the Java classes typically required.

The JAR file is downloaded once, at the beginning of the client’s first session. Afterwards, it remains in the browser’s local disk cache, ready for future sessions, until an updated version is released.

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Application Tier

The application servers form the middle tier between the desktop clients and Release 11 database servers.

They provide load balancing, business logic, and other functionality.

In installations that use multiple application servers, only one needs to run the Oracle Web Application Server software.

The application tier has Forms server, Reports Server, HTTP Server (WebDB/Apache HTTP), Concurrent Processing server, Discoverer Server, Administration Server

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Application Tier

Application server refers to the tier that runs the Oracle Web Application Server and Oracle Forms Server software.

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Form Server Architecture

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Application Tier: Form Server

Forms Server and Forms Client• The application tier software used in most ERP and CRM products is the

Forms server. • The Forms server mediates between the Forms client, a Java applet

running on the desktop, and the Oracle8i database server on the back end. • The Forms server produces the effects a user sees on the desktop screen

and causes changes to database records based on user actions. • Both the Forms server and Forms client are components of Oracle Forms.

The two exchange messages across a standard network connection, which may be either TCP/IP, or HTTP with or without SSL (Secure Sockets Layer).

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Form Server

The Forms client can display any Oracle Applications screen, and provides field-level validation, multiple coordinated windows, and data entry aids such as list of values.

A Java-enabled Web browser manages the downloading, start-up, and execution of the Forms client on the desktop.

Another software component, the HTTP server, helps start a client session over the internal or external Web. The HTTP server in Release 11i is WebDB

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Forms Development Environment

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Database Tier

Release 11 Database Tier• The database tier holds all data and data-intensive programs, and

processes all SQL requests for data • The database tier includes the

Oracle8 Server administration server concurrent processing server.

• Machines in this tier do not communicate directly with Applications users

• Communicate with machines on the application tier that mediate these communications, or with other servers on the Release 11 database tier.

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Database Tier

Database Server The Release 11 database server contains the data

associated with Oracle Applications. This machine does not contain any Oracle Applications

files, only the Oracle8 Server files, and an Applications database instance that physically stores the tables, indexes, and other database objects for your installation.

The installation process for Oracle Applications • begins at database tier, by installing and creating a database and

configuring Net8 to accept connections from other servers. Once you have created your database, you administer the

Applications data from the administration server.

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Database Tier

Administration Server• The administration server is the machine from which you maintain

the data in your Applications database. • There are three types of operations you will carry out here, each

using a different program: Installing and upgrading the database. You use the AutoInstall program

to do this. Applying Applications database updates. You use the AutoPatch

program to apply the updates ( bugs fixes) to the database objects from the administration server

Maintaining the Applications data. The AD Administration program (adadmin) allows you to do this.

• These administration tasks can only be performed when users are not accessing the system, and none of the operations listed above provide interaction with Applications users .

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Concurrent Processing Server

An Oracle Applications server that runs time-consuming, non-interactive tasks in the background.

Configured on separate machine for performance.

Used to support reporting & server based concurrent programs ( Oracle Applications).

Most of the time, the concurrent processing servers only communicate directly with the Release 11 database server.

All concurrent requests are entered and controlled through Applications forms, which update information in database tables. These tables are then polled on a regular basis by the Internal concurrent manager process.

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Report Reviewing

Report Reviewer Oracle Applications uses a tool called the Report Review

Agent to view concurrent processing files online.

This utility is on the concurrent processing server and uses Net8 to transfer files from the concurrent processing server to the forms server.

It then transmits the file contents—one page at a time or in its entirety—to the desktop client.

The forms server sends reports to the client web browser for online viewing in either unformatted text, native HTML or Adobe Acrobat format.


Oracle Applications HTML Based Products

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HTML-Based Products

In addition to Forms-based products, Release 11i includes other products that are not Forms-based, such as the Oracle Self-Service Web Applications products, Oracle Workflow, and the Oracle Business Intelligence System (BIS) products.

Do not use the Forms server as the application tier software or the Forms client on the desktop

Rely on HTTP-based servers on the application tier and a Java-enabled Web browser on the desktop.

The Self-Service Applications are designed in pure HTML and JavaScript, and operate by direct connection to an HTTP listener running Oracle Web Application Server

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Self Service Applications

Discoverer

Reports

Forms

Concurrent Manager

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Self Service Applications

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HTML-based Products

Logic is controlled through stored procedures that execute through the Web Application Server’s PL/SQL Cartridge, and Java servlets —Java programs executed by the Web Application Server—that communicate with the database using JDBC.

They operate by direct connection to an HTTP server, such as WebDB or the Apache HTTP server.

The Apache and WebDB servers can be the same machines used by Oracle Forms.

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HTML based: Business Intelligence Products

Servlet Engine

Java Server Pages (JSP)

Forms

WebDB

Concurrent Manager

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Business Intelligence (BIS)

BIS products use the Oracle Discoverer server and Oracle Reports server on the application tier. A Java applet running on desktop client communicates with the HTTP server, which connects to the Discoverer server or Reports server.

The Discoverer server provides ad hoc analysis;

Reports server supports data analysis and ad hoc queries, often using summary tables such as monthly aggregates of data, and returns them to the browser.

The desktop browser initiates the request, the HTML server passes the request to the Discoverer or Reports server, and the Discoverer or Reports server gathers the data and returns it to the browser as HTML.

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BIS

To support BIS ERP products, Release 11i includes a file that will generate an Oracle Discoverer End User Layer (EUL). When the EUL is generated, workbooks and queries can be saved to the database.

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BIS

Desktop Tier Application Tier Database Tier

Browser running Java applet and

HTML

HTTP Server(WebDB)

Reports Server

Discoverer Server

Data Server

Discover End User Layer(EUL)


Oracle Applications 11i: Technical Architecture

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Oracle Applications

File system Level ( Directory structure & standards)

Database Level

Logical setup in Oracle Applications for above two

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Applications: Directory structure

File management for Oracle Applications. • Directory Structure• Log and Output Files

Basic Directory Structure• In the basic directory structure, a top Applications directory holds

one set of product files. • You create this directory and set the environment variable

APPL_TOP to point to it. • AutoInstall sets up a directory tree for each fully installed or

dependent product in this directory. • AutoInstall also sets up a minimal product tree for all other

products so it can install their database components.

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Oracle Apps 11i ArchitectureApplication Top Directory ( physical directory) environment variable referred as APPL_TOP

Admin

Fnd

AU AR GL

Admin

bin

formsHelp reports sql

Admin

binforms Help reports sql

11.5.0

11.5.0

US

*.fmx files

US

*.rdf files

*.sql filesdriver, import, odf

directories

Pl/sql procedure, package definition

files *.pls

sql

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Oracle Apps Team


Directory Structure

Product TOP Variables

• AutoInstall sets <prod>_TOP environment variables that point to each product’s directory tree.

• In the installation depicted in earlier slide the variable GL_TOP points to $APPL_TOP/gl/11.5.0

• To display data entry forms for Oracle General Ledger, for example, the Oracle Applications system accesses files in $GL_TOP/forms.

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Directory Structure

Forms directory contains executable fmx files. bin : Contain executables code of your concurrent

programs written in a programming language such as C, Pro*C, Fortran, or an operating system script.

lib: Contains compiled object code of your concurrent programs.

Sql : Contains concurrent programs written in SQL*Plus and PL/SQL scripts.

RESOURCE: Contains PL/SQL libraries used with Oracle Forms, which must be copied to $AU_TOP for forms generation.

Reports: contains *.rdf files for reports to be executed thru concurrent programs.

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Directory Structure

Admin Directory and Environment File• The admin directory (which replaces the install directory from

previous releases) holds files used to install or upgrade any Oracle Applications products.

• This admin directory is used by AutoInstall. • Subdirectories in this directory hold the log and restart files that

record the actions AutoInstall performs.

Java and HTML Files• Java file naming conventions indicate that a machine should have a

single directory under which all Java class files are stored.

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Directory Structure

Localization Directories

For product files, each localization region is treated like a separate product. Module files are stored in the region directory trees.

for example European localizations (je).

For this directory tree, AutoInstall sets the variable

JE_TOP to $APPL_TOP/je/11.5.0

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Directory Structure

Log and Output Files

• When the concurrent managers run Oracle Applications reports, they write the output files, as well as diagnostic log files and temporary files, to directories that you define during the installation process.

When you install a single Oracle Applications product group, you can choose one of two methods for storing the group’s log and output files:

• Log and output subdirectories in each product’s directory tree (default).

• One log and one output subdirectory in a common directory.

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Directory Structure

Using Common Directory for all log and out files

• You designate the common directory and the subdirectories when you run AutoInstall or by re-creating the environment file using adadmin.

The environment file sets

• the variable APPLCSF to the common directory • the variables APPLLOG and APPLOUT to the log and output

subdirectories, respectively. • The concurrent managers writes

all log files to $APPLCSF/$APPLLOG all output files to $APPLCSF/$APPLOUT.

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Oracle Apps Components

Oracle Server Enterprise Edition• SQL*Plus• Net8• JDBC• PL/SQL• SQL*Loader

Developer6i:• Developer6 • Oracle Reports6 • Oracle Forms6• Java Developer’s Kit 1.2

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TOP Directory structure

Release 11i Products top directory environment variables, some examples :• Oracle Application Object Library fnd FND_TOP

• Oracle Applications Utilities au AU_TOP

• Oracle Common Modules ak AK_TOP

• Oracle Inventory inv INV_TOP

• Oracle Self-Service Web Applications icx ICX_TOP

• Oracle Work in Process wip WIP_TOP

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Product Directory Structure (1 of 2)

Product Directory Structure and File Types :

• /bin Contains concurrent programs and other C language programs. $APPLBIN

• /forms Contains .fmx files (Oracle Forms form files). The form description files (.fmb extension) in $AU_TOP. Oracle Forms .fmb and .fmx files (separated into subdirectories by languagecodes). $APPLFRM

• /html Contains .html files (HTML files), which are copied to $OAH_TOP.

• /java Contains .class files (Java class files) and .jar files (Java ARchives), which are copied to $JAVA_TOP.

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Product Directory Structure (2 of 2)

• /log Contains output files for concurrent programs . $APPLLOG. used if you set up a common directory for log and output files except in $FND_TOP.

• /out Concurrent process output such as reports.$APPLOUT

• /plsql Contains .pll files (PL/SQL library files for Oracle Reports). PL/SQL libraries used with Oracle Reports. $APPLPLS

• /sql Contains .sql files (SQL*Plus scripts). Concurrent programs written with SQL*Plus (.sql files) or PL/SQL. $APPLSQL


Oracle Applications Data Model

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Basic Data Model

Each installation of Oracle Application Object Library tables in an ORACLE.

Database defines a product group. Each product group can contain any number of Oracle Applications products in addition to Oracle Application Object Library.

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Product Groups

In Release 11, you can have only one product group in each database.

The products installed in each database do not have access to the data of products installed in another database .

The default schema names GL, PO, AP, and APPLSYS by Auto installation.

Oracle user Ids• Each Oracle Applications product has a default ORACLE user ID

that uses the product abbreviation as both the schema name and password. Example General Ledger GL/GL

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Schema

APPS schema• Since a product’s data objects are created in their own schema (such

as the GL schema) and the user accesses all data objects through the APPS schema

• AutoInstall creates the necessary grants and synonyms between the schemas.

• The APPS schema is an ORACLE schema that has access to the complete Oracle Applications data model. It is analogous to the SYSTEM schema, which has access to the entire database.

• Oracle Applications responsibilities connect to an APPS schema. • AutoInstall automatically sets the environment variable FNDNAM to

the name of the APPS schema.• There is one APPS schema for every product installation group.

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Apps Schema & Base Product Schema

The following code objects are installed in each APPS schema:• Views• Packages• Procedures• Functions• Triggers

The following objects are installed in the base product schemas ( like GL is a base product) :Tables , Sequences, Indexes & Constraint• In addition, there are grants from the tables and sequences to

the APPS schema, as well as synonyms from the APPS schema to those objects.

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Example

GL ( General Ledger )• GL tables GL indexes GL sequences

INV ( Inventory)• INV tables INV indexes INV sequences

AP ( Accounyts Payables) • AP tables AP indexes AP sequences

APPLSYS ( Application Object Library)• AOL tables AOL indexes AOL sequences

ALR ( Alerts)• ALR tables ALR indexes ALR sequences

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APPS details

APPS schema will contain following:– GL packages GL views GL procedures GL functions GL triggers

– INV packages INV views INV procedures INV functions INV triggers

– AP packages AP views AP procedures AP functions AP triggers

– AOL code objects ALR code objects AD code objects Various grants and synonyms

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APPS

APPLSYS

AOL tables AOL indexes AOL sequences

ALR tables ALR indexes ALR sequences

AD tables AD indexes AD sequences---

INVINV tablesINV indexesINV sequences

APAP tablesAP indexesAP sequences

APPS

AOL code objects GL packages INV packages AP packagesALR code objects GL views INV views AP viewsAD code objects GL procedures INV procedures AP procedures

GL functions INV functions AP functionsGL triggers INV triggers AP triggers

GLGL tablesGL indexesGL sequences

Various grants and synonyms

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Accessing Data

Data Access

Some views access packages or functions, but the value returned by the package or function may depend on the environment.

The environment is initialized automatically when accessing Oracle Applications through the Sign-On screen or when using concurrent processing with Oracle Reports or SQL scripts.

When accessed from SQL*Plus directly, the site value of the profile option is used, not the setting for a particular applications user.

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THANK YOU

Date post:	28-Nov-2014
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Oracle Apps 11i Architecture

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