Oracle Database 11g Release 2 on Ubuntu 11

7/31/2019 Oracle Database 11g Release 2 on Ubuntu 11

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Shared memory is very important, too. Or else you may face the ORA-00845 errormessage. First check it with:

df -kh /dev/shm/

If you have less than 512MB (I will suggest for 1GB), edit your /etc/fstab and add/modifythe following line:

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=1024M 0 0

Then remount it and check the size once again:

mount -o remount /dev/shmdf -kh /dev/shm/

Install dependence packages

As I assume you have Ubuntu 12.04 installed correctly with X11, we just need to dig intodependence packages installation directly (in case of AMD64):

aptitude -y install alien binutils build-essential cpp-4.4 debhelper g++-4.4 gawk gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base gettext html2text ia32-libs intltool-debianksh lesstif2 lib32bz2-dev lib32z1-dev libaio-dev libaio1 libbeecrypt7libc6 libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libdb4.8 libelf-dev libelf1 libltdl-devlibltdl7 libmotif4 libodbcinstq4-1 libodbcinstq4-1:i386 libqt4-corelibqt4-gui libsqlite3-0 libstdc++5 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev lsb lsb-core lsb-cxx lsb-desktop lsb-graphics lsb-qt4 make odbcinst pax po-debconf rpm rpm-common sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-dev unzip

System groups and users

Check your existing setup with:

grep oinstall /etc/groupgrep dba /etc/groupgrep nobody /etc/groupid oracleid nobody

Most likely, you should run the following command for create the required system groupsand users. Latest Ubuntu already come with user nobody so we don't need to retouch it:

addgroup --system oinstalladdgroup --system dbauseradd -r -g oinstall -G dba -m -s /bin/bash -d /var/lib/oracle oraclepasswd oracle

Configure kernel parameters

Check your existing setup with:


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/sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem/sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm/sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max/sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range/sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default/sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max/sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max

Then edit your /etc/sysctl.conf and add the following lines:

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Run the following command to reload these kernel parameters:

sysctl -p

Shell limits for oracle user

Add the following to /etc/security/limits.conf as below:

oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft stack 10240

Check (or add) if the following line exits within /etc/pam.d/login:

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

Check (or add) if the following line exits within /etc/pam.d/su:

session required pam_limits.so

Create required directories

Create required directory and change permission:

rm -rf /u01 /u02mkdir -p /u01/app/oraclemkdir -p /u02/oradata


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chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02

Configuring the oracle user's environment

Add following line to /var/lib/oracle/.profile (as i will create a AL32UTF8 database; changeto US7ASCII if you will create ASCII database). This will also map Oracle's /bin to your$PATH so can run Oracle's binary directly when login as user oracle:

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536

elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

umask 022export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomainexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1export ORACLE_SID=AL32UTF8export NLS_LANG=.AL32UTF8export ORACLE_UNQNAME=AL32UTF8unset TNS_ADMINif [ -d "$ORACLE_HOME/bin" ]; then

PATH="$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH"fi

Fake Oracle installer

As mentioned before , Ubuntu is not listed as Oracle officially support platform and so we

need to "fake" it. Create symbolic links:

mkdir /usr/lib64ln -s /etc /etc/rc.dln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 /lib64/ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awkln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basenameln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpmln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /lib64/ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/

Also mask ourself as RedHat:

echo 'Red Hat Linux release 5' > /etc/redhat-release

Last step before installation start

First of all, login with your new oracle user, with X enabled.


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If you are using PuTTY + Xming, for sure that the X11 forward is enabled.

Copy the file linux_11gR1_database.zip to oracle's home directory, then unzip it:

cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip /var/lib/oraclecp linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip /var/lib/oracle

cd /var/lib/oracleunzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipunzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zipchown -Rf oracle:oinstall /var/lib/oracle/

I will STRONGLY suggest for a complete reboot, and double-check ALL pre-installationBEFORE starting the next step.

Recommended installation procedures

First of all login with useraccount "oracle" and start the X11 with startx, then start the

installer with:

cd /var/lib/oracle/database && ./runInstaller

Next we go though the installation (I don't have the "Oracle Support Password" so just skipin here):

In "Selection Installation Option", choose "Create and configure a database":
http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database024.png


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In "System Class", choose "Server Class" (we hope to give a full control duringinstallation):

In "Node Selection", choose "Single instance database installation":
http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database026.pnghttp://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database025.pnghttp://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database026.pnghttp://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database025.png


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In "Select Install Type", choose "Advanced install":

In "Select Product Languages", I choose to install all available languages:


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In "Select Database Edition", I choose "Enterprise Edition":

In "Specify Installation Location", it should default as below:

Oracle Base: /u01/app/oracle Sofeware Location: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1


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In "Create Inventory", it should default as below:

Inventory Directory: /u01/app/oraInventory oraInventory Group Name: oinstall

In "Select Configure Type", choose "General Purpose / Transaction Processing":


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(IMPORTANT!) In "Specify Database Identifiers", configure as below:

Global database name: AL32UTF8.localdomain Oracle Service Identifier (SID): AL32UTF8

In "Specify Configuration Options", configure as below:

Memory -> Enable Automatic Memory Management: TRUE Character sets: Use Unicode (AL32UTF8)


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In "Specify Management Options", choose "Use Database Control for databasemanagement" but keep other else empty:


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In "Specify Database Storage Options", choose "File System" where:

Specify database file location: /u02/oradata

In "Specify Recovery Options", choose "Do not enable automated backups":


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In "Specify Schema Passwords", I am a bit lazy so choose "Use the same password for allaccounts" (don't do this in production server!):

In "Privileged Operating System Groups", confirm as below:

Database Administrator (OSDBA) Group: dba Database Operator (OSOPER) Group: oinstall


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In "Preform Prerequisite Checks", just simply ignore all warning message (since we areusing Debian but not Oracle officially supported OS):

So just confirm everything in "Summary":


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And now let's go for a coffee break ;-)

Oh it should that almost done! Special note for Ubuntu 12.04: If you face error during

installation so update as below:

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1sed -i 's/^$\s*\$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)$\s*$/\1 -lnnz11/g'$ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mksed -i 's/^$\$LD \$LD_RUNTIME$ $\$LD_OPT$/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g'$ORACLE_HOME/bin/genorasdkshsed -i 's/^$\s*$$\$(OCRLIBS_DEFAULT)$/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g'$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib/ins_srvm.mk


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sed -i 's/^$TNSLSNR_LINKLINE.*\$(TNSLSNR_OFILES)$ $\$(LINKTTLIBS)$/\1-Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g' $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib/env_network.mksed -i 's/^$ORACLE_LINKLINE.*\$(ORACLE_LINKER)$ $\$(PL_FLAGS)$/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g' $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

Then keep ongoing for installation ;-)

Now following the instructions and run the following commands with "root" user:

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh


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Once login it should show as below:

Autostart Oracle during system boot

There is almost for sure that you will hope to start your Oracle automatically during systemboot. Even you may turn this feature off, but the init.d script is very useful, too.

First of all, specify which database instant will be started together with Oracle. Edit/etc/oratab as below:

AL32UTF8:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y


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Next, create init.d script as /etc/init.d/oracle:

#!/bin/bash## Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Instance and Listener#

### BEGIN INIT INFO# Provides: Oracle# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5# Default-Stop: 0 1 6# Short-Description: Startup/Shutdown Oracle listener and instance### END INIT INFO

ORA_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"ORA_OWNR="oracle"

# if the executables do not exist -- display error

if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORA_HOME ]then

echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"exit 1

fi

# depending on parameter -- startup, shutdown, restart# of the instance and listener or usage display

case "$1" instart)

# Oracle listener and instance startupecho -n "Starting Oracle: "

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORA_HOME"su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

#Optional : for Enterprise Manager software onlysu - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

touch /var/lock/oracleecho "OK";;

stop)# Oracle listener and instance shutdownecho -n "Shutdown Oracle: "

#Optional : for Enterprise Manager software only

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORA_HOME"rm -f /var/lock/oracleecho "OK";;

reload|restart)$0 stop


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$0 start;;

*)echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart|reload"exit 1

esacexit 0

Permission is very important, too:

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

Finally, install the script so Oracle will start during system bootup:

update-rc.d-insserv oracle defaults 99 01

NOTE: You may find the following error message during /etc/init.d/oracle/stop:

Shutdown Oracle: ulimit: 25: bad number

You can then update /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/emctl with #!/bin/bashto solve the problem:

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1sed -i 's/^#!\/bin\/sh -f\s*/#!\/bin\/bash -f/g' $ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl

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Oracle Database 11g Release 2 on Ubuntu 11

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