oracle Project Report

7/31/2019 oracle Project Report

1/39

DBA AUTOMATION

SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

OF SUMMER TRAINING, 2012

BY

PRATEEK BHARDWAJ

JAIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

SACHIN TOMAR

SENIOR ORACLE DBA

PSB, WIPRO INFOTECH

PROJECT WORK CARRIED OUT AT

WIPRO INFOTECH, DELHI

JUNE-JULY, 2012


2/39

JAIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KUKAS

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project entitled DBA AUTOMATION

And submitted by PRATEEK BHARDWAJ

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of summer training,

embodies the work done by him/her under my supervision.

Date: __________ Signature of the Supervisor

Name :

Designation


3/39

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project extended my knowledge in an area that is ofgreat interest to me both technically and functionally. I

have benefited greatly from many people. I would like to

express my heartfelt thanks to their never ending support.

I would like to thank my mentor Sachin Tomar, Senior

ORACLE DBA whose motivation and knowledge transfer

has been invaluable to me. I would like to express mythanks and gratitude to Mr.Ravikant Sharma, Mr.Pravesh

Pandey, Ms. Anshu Sharma, Mr. Amit Maheshwariwho has

guided me in functional as well as technical areas

throughout the period despite their busy schedules. My

heart-full thanks to my supervisor and DBA team, for their

valuable time to inspect my dissertation work. I would like

to acknowledge and express my gratitude to WiproInfoTech and DBA team at Wipro InfoTech who provided

generous amounts of support and cooperation during this

training endeavour.


4/39

ABSTRACT

DBA Automation is mainly designed to automate the DBA

task in day to day operation. The Major focuses which I found

in DBA, where they are most of time busy are...

Handling some major issues related with control file

Performance check as well as Health check though DBAtools

Databases Backup through RMAN

With the help of DBA tool user can

Automate the Backup. There will be no interactionrequired by DBAs and Backup will be triggered automatically

on its scheduled time and same will be informed to Backup

Admin and to DBA Admin on its Completion.

Database Health Check-up list would provide the

Database health status like tablespace etc

DBA can get reports on just a single click.


5/39

Table of Contents1. Title Page

2. Certificate from Supervisor

3. Acknowledgement

4. Abstract

5. Organization of the Documents

Chapter 1: Introduction1.1 Problem Introduction

1.1.1 Motivation

1.1.2 Project Objective

1.1.3 Scope of the Project

1.2. What is ORACLE

1.3. Brief History of ORACLE

Chapter 2: Architecture2.1 Purpose of the document

2.2 ORACLE Architecture components2.2.1 ORACLE INSTANCE

2.2.2 ORACLE DATABASE

2.2.3 PHYSICAL STRUCTURE

2.2.4 MEMORY STRUCTURE

2.2.4.1 SYSTEM GLOBAL AREA (SGA)

2.2.4.2 SHARED POOL

2.2.5 DATABASE BUFFER CACHE

2.2.6 REDO LOG BUFFER CACHE2.2.7 LARGE POOL

2.2.8 BACKUP AND RESTORE

2.2.9 PROGRAM GLIBAL AREA COMPONENTS

2.2.10 BACKGROUNG PROCESS

Chapter 3:Control file123.1 control fileintroduction

3.2 control file contents

3.3 multiplexing control file3.4 ISSUE- creation of database through a control file

Chapter 4:DBA Tools Implementation & Results4.1 DBA Tools

4.2 How to Launch DBA Tools

4.3 Health check

4.4 control file backup

4.5 Performance check

4.6 Backup through RMAN

4.7ISSUE: Datafile SYSTEM01.DBF has been deleted

4.8 ISSUE : If a newly created datafile has been deleted.

Chapter 5Conclusion5.1 Conclusions

5.2 Appendix:5.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY


6/39

Organization of the document

This document includes the following chapters:

Chapter 1. Introduction. This chapter explains why automation is required.

Chapter 2. Architecture. This chapter discusses the components of Oracle

and their functionality.

Chapter 3. Control file. This chapter presents the functionality andrequirements of control file as well as various issues that can arise with the

control file.

Chapter 4: DBA Tools implementation and Results. This chapter presents

the controlling of database through OEM (Oracle Enterprise Manager) and

Backup through RMAN (Recovery Manager)

Chapter 5 : Conclusion, Appendix, Bibliography.


7/39

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

This chapter contains the following topics:

1.1 Problem Introduction

1.1.1 Motivation

1.1.2 Project Objective

1.1.3 Scope of the Project

1.2. What is ORACLE

1.3. Brief History of ORACLE


8/39

1.1 Problem Introduction

1.1.1 Motivation: While studying DBA I found most of time DBAs are busy

with day to day maintenance activity, which required a separate resource to

perform fix task as well as reflect as an extra cost to support the day to dayoperation.

1.1.2 Project Objective: the objective behind this project is to focus on certain

issues that can arise while working as a DBA at any site and reduce the

workload of a DBA so he also can focus on other part of operation

1.1.3 Scope of the Project: This Project can be used at any side for ORACLE

database.

1.2 What is ORACLE:

The Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as

Oracle) is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS)[2]

produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.

Larry Ellison and his friends and former co-workers Bob Miner and Ed Oates

started the consultancy Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL

developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes

from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while

previously employed by Ampex.[3]

1.3 Brief History of ORACLE

In 1977, Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates founded Software

Development Laboratories to undertake development work .After reading a

paper by Codd in IBM Journal of Research and Development, they created

Oracle. The first version was never released. It was written in Assemblylanguage of PDP which ran in 128kb of RAM.

Version 2.0 of Oracle was released in 1979 and it became first commercial

relational database and first SQL database. The company changed its name to

Relational Software Inc. (RSI).

In 1981, RSI started developing tools for Oracle. In 1982, RSI was renamed to

Oracle Corporation. It held its first user conference in San Francisco. In

1983, Oracle released version 3.0, which was rewritten in C language

and ran on multiple platforms.


9/39

In 1984, Oracle version 4.0 was released. It contained features like concurrency

control - multi-version read consistency etc.

By 1985, Oracle released version 5.0 and became the first relational database

that worked in client/server environment. In 1986, Oracle goes public on the

NASDAQ exchange.In 1987, Oracle wanted to create enterprise applications that take advantage of

their database. In 1988, Oracle version 6.0 was released. It provided row-level

locking, hot backup and PL/SQL as main features. By 1989, Oracle moved to

new headquarters in Redwood Shores, California.

In 1990, they released Oracle Applications Release 8, which included account

software for client/server .In 1992, they released Oracle 7.0. It provided better

performance, administrative utilities, application development tools, security

features, stored procedures, triggers and declarative integrity. In 1995, Oracle

became the first major company to announce a comprehensive internet strategy.In 1997, Oracle released Oracle 8.0 and Oracle Applications 10.7. It started

embracing Java. Partitioning, support for different types of data like images,

large text, external data etc.(lobs) are provided. It also started providing support

for Object in database becoming an Object-Relational DBMS .By 1999, Oracle

realized that "Internet Changes Everything". Oracle released Oracle 8i and

Oracle Applications 11i. They supported open standards like XML. Oracle8i

provided Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to run Java program in Oracle Databaseand also scalability, which was required for internet databases.

.

In 2000, Oracle9iAS was released. Oracle Corporation is no longer a company

providing only database management system and instead started providing all

that it takes to develop and deploy a complete application. AS(Application

Server) runs on middle tier in 3-tier Client/Server architecture boosting theperformance. In 2001, Oracle9i was released. It allows Oracle to run on RAC

(Real Application Cluster), which is a collection of low-cost servers. It also

allowed XML documents to be stored and queried in Oracle Database.

In 2003, Oracle10g was released, where g stands for Grid computing, which

servers computing power across the enterprise as a utility, automatically shifting

processing load based on demand. Oracle10g also made a lot of administrativetasks automatic. In 2007, Oracle has released Oracle11g. The new version

focused on better partitioning, easy migration etc.

As of now, Oracle has 68,000 employees, 2, 75,000 customers with US$14

billion revenue. It is run by Larry Ellison (CEO), Charles Phillips (president),Safra

Catz (president and CFO).


10/39


11/39

2.1 Purpose of this document

This document provides a description of how the query run in the oracle

environment, how the data is fetched and fed into the oracle server from the

user.

2.2 ORACLE ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS


12/39

2.2.1 Oracle instance: An Oracle instance is the combination of the background

processes and memory structures. The instance must be started to access the

data in the database. Every time an instance is started, a System Global Area

(SGA) is allocated and Oracle background processes are started. Background

processes perform functions on behalf of the invoking process. They consolidatefunctions that would otherwise be handled by multiple Oracle programs running

for each user. The background processes perform input/output (I/O) and monitor

other Oracle processes to provide increased parallelism for better performance

and reliability.

2.2.2 Oracle database: An Oracle database consists of operating system files,

also known as database files,that provide the actual physical storage for

database information. The database files are used to ensure that the data is kept

consistent and can be recovered in the event of a failure of the instance.

2.2.3 Physical StructureThe physical structure of an Oracle database is determined by the operatingsystem files that provide the actual physical storage for database information. Control files Data files Redo log files

2.2.4 Memory StructureOracles memory structure consists of two memory areas known as:

System Global Area (SGA): Allocated at instance startup, and is a

fundamental component of an Oracle Instance.

Program Global Area (PGA): Allocated when the server process is started

2.2.4.1 System Global Area (SGA) The SGA consists of several memory structures:

Shared poolDatabase buffer cacheRedo log bufferOther structures (e.g. lock and latch management, statistical data)

There are two optional memory structures that can be configured within theSGA:

Large pool

Java pool


13/39

System Global Area

The SGA is also called the shared global area. It is used to store database

information that is shared by database processes. It contains data and controlinformation for the Oracle server and is allocated in the virtual memory of the

computer where Oracle resides.

2.2.4.2 Shared PoolThe shared pool is used to store the most recently executed SQL statements

and the most recently used data definitions.

It consists of two key performance-related memory structures:Library cache

Data dictionary cache

Sized by the parameterSHARED_POOL_SIZE.

The shared pool environment contains both fixed and variable structures. The

fixed structures remain relatively the same size, whereas the variable structures

grow and shrink based on user and program requirements. The actual sizing forthe fixed and variable structures is based on an initialization parameter and the

work of an Oracle internal algorithm.

Library Cache

The library cache size is based on the sizing defined for the shared pool.

Memory is allocated when a statement is parsed or a program unit is called. If

the size of the shared pool is too small, statements are continually reloaded into

the library cache, which affects performance. The library cache is managed by a

least recently used (LRU) algorithm. As the cache fills, less recently usedexecution paths and parse trees are removed from the library cache to make

room for the new entries. If the SQL or PL/SQL statements are not reused, they

eventually are aged out.

The library cache consists of two structures:

Shared SQL: The Shared SQL stores and shares the execution plan and parse

tree for SQL statements run against the database. The second time that an

identical SQL statement is run, it is able to take advantage of the parse

information available in the shared SQL to expedite its execution. To ensure that

SQL statements use a shared SQL area whenever possible, the text, schema, andbind variables must be exactly the same.


14/39

Shared PL/SQL: The shared PL/SQL area stores and shares the most recently

executed PL/SQL statements. Parsed and compiled program units and

procedures (functions, packages, and triggers) are stored in this area.

2.2.5 Database Buffer CacheWhen a query is processed, the Oracle server process looks in the database

buffer cache for any blocks it needs. If the block is not found in the database

buffer cache, the server process reads the block from the data file and places a

copy in the database buffer cache. Because subsequent requests for the same

block may find the block in memory, the requests may not require physical

reads. The Oracle server uses a least recently used algorithm to age out buffersthat have not been accessed recently to make room for new blocks in the database buffer

cache.

2.2.6 Redo Log Buffer Cache

The redo log buffer cache is a circular buffer that contains changes made to datafile blocks. This information is stored in redo entries. Redo entries contain the

information necessary to recreate the data prior to the change made by

INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE,ALTER, or DROP operations.

2.2.7 Large Pool

When users connect through the shared server, Oracle needs to allocateadditional space in the shared pool for storing information about the connections

between the user processes, dispatchers, and servers. The large pool relieves theburden on areas within the shared pool. The shared pool does not have to give

up memory for caching SQL parse trees in favour of shared server session

information, I/O, and backup and recovery processes. The performance gain is

from the reduction of overhead from increasing and shrinkage of the shared

SQL cache.

2.2.8 Backup and Restore

Recovery Manager (RMAN) uses the large pool when the

BACKUP_DISK_IO= n and BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVE = TRUE

parameters are set. If the large pool is configured but is not large enough, the

allocation of memory from the large pool fails. RMAN writes an error message

to the alert log file and does not use I/O slaves for backup or restore.

2.2.9 Program Global Area Components

The Program Global Area or Process Global Area (PGA) is a memory region

that contains data and control information for a single server process or a single

background process. The PGA is allocated when a process is created and de-


15/39

allocated when the process is terminated. In contrast to the SGA, which is

shared by several processes, the PGA is an area that is used by only one process.

In a dedicated server configuration, the PGA includes these Components:

Sort area: Used for any sorts that may be required to process the SQLstatement Session information: Includes user privileges and performance statistics for the

session Cursor state: Indicates the stage in the processing of the SQL statements that

are currently used by the session

Stack space: Contains other session variables

2.2.10 Background Processes

The relationship between the physical and memory structures is maintained andenforced by Oracles background processes. Mandatory background processes

DBWn PMON CKPT LGWR SMON RECO

Optional background processes

ARCn LMON Snnn QMNn LMDn CJQ0 Pnnn LCKn Dnnn

QMNn: Advanced Queuing ARCn: Archiver LCKn: RAC LockManagerInstance Locks

LMON: RAC DLM MonitorGlobal Locks

LMDn: RAC DLM MonitorRemote Locks CJQ0: Snapshot Refresh Dnnn: Dispatcher Snnn: Shared Server Pnnn: Parallel Query Slaves

Database Writer

The server process records changes to rollback and data blocks in the buffercache. Database Writer (DBWn) writes the dirty buffers from the database

buffer cache to the data files. It ensures that a sufficient number of free

buffersbuffers that can be overwritten when server processes need to read in

blocks from the data filesare available in the database buffer cache. Database

performance is improved because server processes make changes only in thebuffer cache.

DBWn defers writing to the data files until one of the following events occurs:

Incremental or normal checkpoint

The number of dirty buffers reaches a threshold value


16/39

A process scans a specified number of blocks when scanning for free buffers

and cannot find any. Timeout occurs. A ping request in Real Application Clusters environment.

Placing a normal or temporary tablespace offline. Placing a tablespace in read only mode. Dropping or Truncating a table.

LOG Writer

LGWR performs sequential writes from the redo log buffer cache to the redo log

file under the following situations:

When a transaction commits When the redo log buffer cache is one-third full When there is more than a megabyte of changes records in the redo log buffer

cache Before DBWn writes modified blocks in the database buffer cache to the data

files Every 3 seconds.

Because the redo is needed for recovery, LGWR confirms the commit only after

the redo is written to disk.LGWR can also call on DBWn to write to the data files.

System Monitor

If the Oracle instance fails, any information in the SGA that has not been writtento disk is lost. For example, the failure of the operating system causes an

instance failure. After the loss of the instance, the background process SMON

automatically performs instance recovery when the database is reopened.

Instance recovery consists of the following steps:

1. Rolling forward to recover data that has not been recorded in the data files but

that has been recorded in the online redo log. This data has not been written to

disk because of the loss of the SGA during instance failure. During this process,

SMON reads the redo log files and applies the changes recorded in the redo logto the data blocks. Because all committed transactions have been written to the

redo logs, this process completely recovers these transactions.

2. Opening the database so that users can log on. Any data that is not locked by

unrecovered transactions is immediately available.

3. Rolling back uncommitted transactions. They are rolled back by SMON or by

the individual server processes as they access locked data.

SMON also performs some space maintenance functions:

It combines, or coalesces, adjacent areas of free space in the data files. It de-allocates temporary segments to return them as free space in data files.

Temporary segments are used to store data during SQL statement processing.


17/39

Process Monitor

The background process PMON cleans up after failed processes by: Rolling back the users current transaction Releasing all currently held table or row locks Freeing other resources currently reserved by the user

Restarts dead dispatchers

Checkpoint

An event called a checkpoint occurs when the Oracle background process

DBWn writes all the modified database buffers in the SGA, including both

committed and uncommitted data, to the data files. Checkpoints are

implemented for the following reasons: Checkpoints ensure that data blocks in memory that change frequently are

written to data files regularly. Because of the least recently used algorithm ofDBWn, a data block that changes frequently might never qualify as the leastrecently used block and thus might never be written to disk if checkpoints did

not occur. Because all database changes up to the checkpoint have been recorded in the

data files, redo log entries before the checkpoint no longer need to be applied to

the data files if instance recovery is required. Therefore, checkpoints are useful

because they can expedite instance recovery.

The Archiver Process

All other background processes are optional, depending on the configuration of

the database; however, one of them, ARCn, is crucial to recovering a database

after the loss of a disk. As online redo log files fill, the Oracle server begins

writing to the next online redo log file. The process of switching from one redo

log to another is called a log switch. The ARCn process initiates backing up, or

archiving, of the filled log group at every log switch. It automatically archives

the online redo log before the log can be reused, so that all of the changes made

to the database are preserved. This enables the DBA to recover the database to

the point of failure, even if a disk drive is damaged

Archiving Redo Log Files

One of the important decisions that a DBA has to make is whether to configure

the database to operate in ARCHIVELOG or in NOARCHIVELOG mode.

NOARCHIVELOG Mode: In NOARCHIVELOG mode, the online redo log filesare overwritten each time a log switch occurs. LGWR does not overwrite a redo

log group until the checkpoint for that group is complete. This ensures that

committed data can be recovered if there is an instance crash. During theinstance crash, only the SGA is lost. There is no loss of disks, only memory. For

example, an operating system crash causes an instance crash.


18/39

ARCHIVELOG Mode: If the database is configured to run in ARCHIVELOG

mode, inactive groups of filled online redo log files must be archived before

they can be used again. Since changes made to the database are recorded in the

online redo log files, the database administrator can use the physical backup of

the data files and the archived online redo log files to recover the databasewithout losing any committed data because of any single point of failure,

including the loss of a disk. Usually, a production database is configured to run

in ARCHIVELOG mode.


19/39

CHAPTER 3

Control File

3.1 control fileintroduction3.2 control file contents3.3 multiplexing control file

3.4 ISSUE- creation of database through a control file


20/39

3.1 CONTROL FILEIntroduction

The control file is a binary file that defines the current state of the physical

database..

Loss of the control file requires recovery Is read at MOUNT stage Is required to operate Is linked to a single database Should be multiplexed

Maintains integrity of database Sized initially by

CREATE DATABASE

The control file is a small binary file necessary for the database to start andoperate successfully. Each control file is associated with only one Oracle

database. Before a database is opened, the control file is read to determine if the

database is in a valid state to use. A control file is updated continuously by the

Oracle server during database use, so it must be available for writing whenever

the database is open. The information in the control file can be modified only bythe Oracle server; no database administrator or end user can edit the control file.

If for some reason the control file is not accessible, the database does notfunction properly. If all copies of a databases control files are lost, the database

must be recovered before it can be opened. At least one control file is required,but control files can be multiplexed up to eight times.

3.2 Control File Contents

The information in the control file includes: Database name is taken from either the name specified by the initialization

parameter DB_NAME or the name used in the CREATE DATABASE

statement.

Database identifier is recorded when the database is created.

Time stamp of database creation is also recorded at database creation. Names and locations of associated data files and online redo log files are

updated when a data file or redo log is added to, renamed in, or dropped from

the database.

Tablespace information is updated as tablespaces are added or dropped.

Redo log history is recorded during log switches. Location and status of archived logs are recorded when archiving occurs. Location and status of backups are recorded by the Recovery Manager utility. Current log sequence number is recorded when log switches occur.

Checkpoint information is recorded as checkpoints are made.


21/39

The control file consists of two types of sections: Reusable Not reusable

Reusable sections store Recovery Manager information, such as backup data filenames and backup redo log file names. They are used in a circular manner and

can be reused only by Recovery Manager.

3.3 Multiplexing the Control File

To safeguard against a single point of failure of the control file, it is strongly

recommended that the control file be multiplexed, storing each copy on a

different physical disk. If a control file is lost, a copy of the control file can be

used to restart the instance without database recovery. Control files can be

multiplexed up to eight times. The Oracle server creates and maintains all fileslisted in this parameter when the instance is started.

The database administrator can multiplex control files by:

Creating multiple control files when the database is created by including the

control file names in the CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter

You can create a backup of a control file, but you cannot bring a control file

back from a backup without its appropriate data files. The control file is a living

file that corresponds to current database status.ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO 'FILENAME'


22/39

You can also backup your control file to a trace file. This will create a file with the SQL

statements required to recreate your control file.ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE

3.4 ISSUE: CREATION OF A DATABASE FROM THE CONTROL FILE OF ANOTHER DATABASE

STEPS TO FOLLOW:

1. CREATE TRACE FILE FROM THE BACKUP CONTROL FILE

SQL> alter database backup control file to trace;

Database altered.

2. Copy Pfile from source database (orcl) and then make changes in that regarding path

settings (make them according to your target database (leopard)).

3. Save that file as name of the file.ora

4. Copy data files from source database to target database in data folder of leopard

5. Copy redolog files from source database to target database in redolog folder leopard

6. Run command prompt as administrator and create an instance of leopard using command

Oradimnewsid lion

7. Set the sid lion using command set ORACLE_SID=leopard

8. Make changes in the trace file as follows

9.STARTUP NOMOUNT10. CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "LEOPARD" RESETLOGS

NOARCHIVELOG11. MAXLOGFILES 1612. MAXLOGMEMBERS 3


23/39

13. MAXDATAFILES 10014. MAXINSTANCES 815. MAXLOGHISTORY 29216. LOGFILE17. GROUP 1 (18. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\LOG1A.RDO',19. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\LOG1B.RDO'20. ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,21. GROUP 2 (22. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\REDO02.LOG',23. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\LOG2B.RDO'24. ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,25. GROUP 3 (26. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\LOG31A.RDO',27. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDOLOG31B.RDO'28. ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,29. GROUP 4 (30. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\LOG41A.RDO',31. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\REDO\LOG41B.RDO'32. ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 51233. -- STANDBY LOGFILE34. DATAFILE35. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\DATA\SYSTEM01.DBF',36. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\DATA\SYSAUX01.DBF',37. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\DATA\UNDOTBS01.DBF',38. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\DATA\USERS01.DBF',39. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\DATA\EXAMPLE01.DBF',40. 'C:\APP\PRATEEK\ADMIN\LEOPARD\DATA\FINANCE1.DBF'41. CHARACTER SET AL32UTF842. ;43. Control file created

This will generate a new control file for the database leopard

44.use commands

Alter system switch logfile;

Recover database until cancel using backup control file;

Alter database open resetlogs.


24/39

CHAPTER 4

DBA Tools implementation and results

4.1 DBA Tools


4.3 Health check4.4 control file backup

4.5 Performance check4.6 Backup through RMAN

4.7ISSUE: Datafile SYSTEM01.DBF has been deleted

4.8 Issue : If a newly created datafile has been deleted but we have the backup as

well as the archive logs.


25/39

4.1 DBA Tools

Standard applications that can be launched from theConsole:

Instance Manager

Security Manager

Storage Manager

Schema Manager

SQL*Plus Worksheet

The DBA Tools

The standard applications that are supplied with Oracle Enterprise Manager

include the

following:

Instance Manager: Performs startup, shutdown and monitor databases

Security Manager: Used to manage users and privileges Storage Manager: Maintains tablespaces, data files, rollback segments and log

groups Schema Manager: Used to create and maintain objects such as tables, indexes,

and views SQL*Plus Worksheet: Provides the capability to issue SQL statements against

any Database


Launch the Console in standalone mode Expand the databases folder and expand the relevant database Select tools such as Instance Manager, Schema Manager


26/39

4.3 HEALTH CHECK OF THE DATABSE AS WELL AS THE MACHINE THROUGH OEM


27/39


28/39

4.4 Control file backup option on grid control


29/39

Snapshot for the Control file record information


30/39

4.5 Performance of the instance orcl


31/39

4.6 BACKUP OF DATABASE THROUGH RMAN

RMAN> backup database format 'C:\Users\prateek\Documents\backup\%U';


32/39

4.7 ISSUE: DATAFILE SYSTEM01.DBF HAS BEEN DELETED

Enter below commands to recover the SYSTEM01.DBF

RMAN> restore database;RMAN> recover database;

RMAN>alter database open;


33/39

4.8 Issue : If a newly created datafile has been deleted butwe have the backup as well as the archive logs.

Sql>alter database create datafile 'C:\app\prateek\oradata\orcl\manU.dbf' as

'C:\app\prateek\oradata\orcl\manU.dbf' size 500m;

ManU= the deleted datafile.

Start RMAN and Follow the below commands


34/39

RMAN>restore database;

RMAN>recover database;


35/39

RMAN>alter database open;


36/39

Sql> select * from manU.wayne;

This will show all the contents of the table stored in datafile manu under the user nani


37/39

CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

5.1 Conclusions

5.2 Appendix:

5.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY


38/39

5.1 Conclusions

This Automation will help to generate database from the control file of other

database, automate the backup of databases. There will be saving of resource

cost while using this tool.

Databases health checklist is also most beneficial part for DBA and can be usedat any location with different queries.

5.2 Appendix:

RDMS: Relational Database Management System, Which is the backbone of all

the databases like Oracle, SQL etc.

Online backup (Hot Backup): Backup that is taken when database is up and

running.

Offline backup (Cold Backup): Backups that are taken when the database is

offline. This backup is consistent.

5.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.docs.oracle.com http://www.myitguid.com http://www.oracle.com
http://www.docs.oracle.com/http://www.docs.oracle.com/http://www.myitguid.com/http://www.myitguid.com/http://www.oracle.com/http://www.oracle.com/http://www.oracle.com/http://www.myitguid.com/http://www.docs.oracle.com/


39/39

ABBREVATIONS

DBA: DATABASE ADMINISTRATION

RMAN: RECOVERY MANAGER

SGA: SHARED GLOBAL AREA

PGA: PROGRAM GLOBAL AREA

PMON: PROCESS MONITOR

SMON: SYSTEM MONITOR

CKPT: CHECKPOINT

LGWR: LOGWRITER

DBWn: DATABASE WRITER

Date post:	05-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	saurabh-yadav
View:	227 times
Download:	0 times