1Health 100 Early / Eldridge

Dave Martin

Vincent Santiago

Tuberculosis( aka. TB )

7/5/2011

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Chronic bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs, but can also affect kidneys, brain, and spine

Spread by way of the respiratory route90% of people who are infected with TB are

infected with Latent TB Latent Tb - infecting bacteria in the body, but are

inactive; no symptoms, not contagious, at risk of Active TB

Active TB - a weakened immune system will trigger active bacteria, causing symptoms and contagious disease

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What it is:

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10% of people with Latent TB develop active cases of the disease

Active TB is most common in people with HIV, recent immigrants from countries where TB is widespread, and those who live in inner cities

TB continues to be a major health problem worldwide. In 2008, the World Health Organization estimated that one-third of the global population was infected with TB bacteria

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Who gets it:

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnF47GGAU8g&feature=related

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Symptoms:

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How to get rid of it:

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The standard "short" course treatment for TB is isoniazid (an antibiotic that kills the bacteria that causes TB ), rifampicin (also known as rifampin in the United States), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for two months. Followed by isoniazid and rifampicin alone for another four months. The patient is considered cured at six months (although there is still a relapse rate of 2 to 3%)

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Treatments:

7Health 100 Early / Eldridge

For Latent TB, the standard treatment is six to nine months of Isoniazid alone

If the organism is known to be fully sensitive, then treatment involves Ionized, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide for two months, followed by Isoniazid and rifampicin for four months. Ethambutol need not be used

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Treatments:

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In the United States, the incidence of TB began to decline around 1900 because of improved living conditions

TB cases have increased since 1985, most likely due to the increase in HIV infection

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (M. Tuberculosis) continues to kill millions of people yearly worldwide. In 1995, 3 million people died from TB

More than 90% of TB cases occur in developing nations that have poor hygiene and health-care resources and high numbers of people infected with HIV

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Demographics:

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8.8 million new cases of TB developed1.6 million people died of this disease in 2005Each person with untreated active TB will infect on

average 10-15 people each yearA new infection occurs every secondIn 2009, the TB rate in the United States was 3.8

cases per 100,000 population, a slight decrease from the prior year

California, Florida, New York, and Texas accounted for the majority of all new TB cases (50.3%)

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Demographics:

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Wikipedia: Tuberculosis TreatmentWikipedia: TuberculosisE Medicine HealthInsel, Paul M., and Walton T. Roth. Core

Consepts in Health. 11th ed. San Francisco: The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2010. 324-25. Print.

http://infectiousdiseases.about.com/od/respiratoryinfections/a/active_tb.htm

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Bibliography

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Pulmonary tuberculosis www.ncbi.nlm.nih.govTuberculosis - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TuberculosisTuberculosis (TB) Symptoms, Cause, Transmission,

Diagnosis and Treatment www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis/article.htmCDC - Tuberculosis (TB) www.cdc.gov/tb/Tuberculosis: MedlinePlus www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tuberculosis.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis - cite_note-Hersh

kovitz_2008-122

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Bibliography