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Electrons are part of what

makes an atom an atom

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Electrons are part of what

makes an atom an atom

atom

But where exactly are the

electrons inside an atom?

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Orbitalsare areas within atoms

where there is a high probablility

of finding electrons.

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Knowing how electrons are

arranged in an atom is

important

because that governshow atoms interact

with each other

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Lets say you have aroom with flies flyingaround in it

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The flies are not just

anywhere in the room.They are inside boxes inthe room.

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You know where the

boxes are, and youknow the flies areinside the boxes, but

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you dont know exactly

where the flies areinside the boxes

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The room is an atom

The flies are electronsThe boxes are orbitals

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The room is an atom

The flies are electronsThe boxes are orbitals

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The room is an atomThe marbles are electrons

The boxes are orbitals

Science has determined where theorbitals are inside an atom, but itis never known precisely where the

electrons are inside the orbitals

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Hey,

where

am I?

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So what are thesizes and shapesof orbitals?

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The area where an electron can be found,

the orbital,is defined mathematically,

but we can see it as a specific shape

in 3-dimensional space

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x

y

z

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The 3 axes represent3-dimensional space

x

y

z

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For this presentation, thenucleus of the atom is atthe center of the three axes.

x

y

z

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The 1s orbital is asphere, centeredaround the nucleus

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The 2s orbital is alsoa sphere.

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1s orbital

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2s orbital

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Dont forget:

an orbital is the shape of thespace where there is a highprobability of finding electrons

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Thes

orbitals are spheres

Dont forget:

an orbital is the shape of thespace where there is a highprobability of finding electrons

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There are three

2p orbitals

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The three 2p orbitalsare orientedperpendicularto each other

z

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This is

one 2p orbital(2py)

x

y

z

z

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another 2p orbital(2px)

x

y

z

z

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the third 2p orbital(2pz)

x

y

z

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Dont forget:

an orbital is the shape of thespace where there is a highprobability of finding electrons

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This is the shape ofp orbitals

Dont forget:

an orbital is the shape of thespace where there is a highprobability of finding electrons

z

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x

y

z

z

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2px

x

y

z

z

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2px and 2pz

x

y

z

z

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The three 2p orbitals,2px, 2py, 2pz

x

y

z

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once the1s orbitalis filled,

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the 2s orbitalbegins to fill

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once the 2sorbital isfilled,

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the 2p orbitalsbegin to fill

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each 2p orbitalintersects the2s orbital andthe 1s orbital

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each 2p orbital

gets one electronbefore pairing begins

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once each 2p orbital

is filled with a pairof electrons, then

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the 3s orbitalgets the next

two electrons

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the 3s electronshave a higher energythan 1s, 2s, or 2pelectrons,

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so 3s electrons aregenerally foundfurther from thenucleus than 1s,2s, or 2p electrons

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the billions of interactions of atoms

constantly going on around youdepend on how the electronsare arranged in each atom

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the billions of interactions of atomsconstantly going on around youdepend on how the electrons

are arranged in each atom

he arrangement of an atoms electrons

(its orbitals)govern how that atom will interact

with other atoms

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the billions of interactions of atomsconstantly going on around youdepend on how the electrons

are arranged in each atom

the arrangement of an atoms electrons(its orbitals)

govern how that atom will interact

with other atoms

If atoms did not interact with each other,

you would not be sitting here reading this

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An interesting placewhere electrons havea specific organization

within atoms,allowing for intersting

atom interactions

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An interesting placewhere electrons havea specific organization

within atoms,

allowing for interstingatom interactions

Not an interesting place,where electrons have

no specific organizationwithin atoms,

where atoms wanderaimlessly about

(does not actually exist)