Date post: | 29-Mar-2015 |
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OrganellesParts of a
Cell
Plant Cell vs. Animal Cell• Plant cells have a cell wall,
but animal cells do not.
• Plant cells have chloroplasts, but animal cells do not.
• Plant cells generally have a more rectangular shape because the cell wall is more rigid. Animal cells have a round or irregular shape because they do not have a cell wall.
• Plants cells usually have one or more large vacuole(s), while animal cells have smaller vacuoles, if any are present.
Organelles
• Parts of a cell
• Enables cells to live
Cell Membrane
• Thin layer that surrounds the cell.
• Controls what comes in and what goes out
• “Gateway” of the cell
Nucleus• Dark center of cell• contains DNA
• Controls the cell's growth and reproduction
• “Brain” of the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)• Zig- Zag Shape • ER is either
smooth or rough.• The ER carries
materials through the cell.
• “Post Office” of the cell
Ribosome• They are the
smallest organelle.• Float in cytoplasm
or stick to ER• Produce protein
(food)• “Kitchen” of the
cell
Mitochondria
• Bean-shape
• Burn sugar for fuel.
• “Powerhouse” of the cell.
Golgi Complex
• Looks like ER.• aka Golgi
Body/Apparatus• Ships protein
out of the cell.• “Fed X” of the
cell
Lysosomes• Destroy damaged
organelles.• Transport waste to
cell membrane for removal.
• Protects cell from invaders.
• “Trash man”
DNADouble Helix (spiral) inside the nucleus
Holds genetic material; passed from parent to child
Plants and Animal Cells
“Blueprints” for cell
Cytoplasm
• Clear, thick fluid
• Like jelly
• Supports and protects
organelles
Vacuole
• Fluid Filled bags
• Plant Cells only
• Stores water, food, and waste
Vesicle
• Membrane-covered compartments
• Storage• Form from ER
and Golgi bodies
Cytoskeleton
• Hollow tubes and long strings of fibers
• Inside cytoplasm
• Helps a cell keep its shape
• “Skeleton” of the cell
Chloroplast
• Green, oval shaped• Contains
chlorophyll• PLANTS ONLY• Takes energy from
sun and makes food for plants
Cell Wall
• Outer layer of plant cell only!
• Strong and stiff• Supports and
protects• “Support
system”
Multicellular Organisms Working Together
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ System