ORGANIC ORGANIC SIKKIMSIKKIM

Since the State has been declared as Organic State in 2003, use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides have been discouraged

on-farm and off-farm inputs such as; • Vermi-compost • Enriched Rural compost• Integrated nutrient management • Bio-fertilizers• Green manure• Azolla• Liming of the acidic soil• Micro nutrients

VERMICOMPOST UNIT

PACKAGING OF VERMI COMPOST FOR SALE

Bio-fertilizers being used to supplement crops:

•Azolla,•Blue green algae,•rhizobium,•Azotobactor,•Azospirillium,•Phosphate solubilizing bacteria

Soil testing and issuing of soil health card to all the farmers

Static soil testing laboratory in all the districts

2 mobile soil testing laboratory vehicle equipped with latest instruments are operational

AZOLLA POND

IMPROVED RURAL COMPOST-CUM-URINE PIT

Sl.no

District

Total sample

received(March)

Sample analyzed(M

arch)

Cumulative

sample analyze

d

Health card

issued(March)

Cumulative soil health card

issued1. North - - 4947 4947 4947

2. East 66 98 12319 12319 12319

3. South - 1639 11832 11832 11832

4. West 331 631 8781 8781 8781

Total 397 2368 37879 3789 3789

DISTRICT WISE PROGRESS REPORT OF SOIL TESTING LABORATORY AND DISTRIBUTION OF HEALTH CARDS

DURING 2013 – 2014

Soil reactionSoil reaction % (Percentage)% (Percentage)

Extremely acidic(pH < 4.5)Extremely acidic(pH < 4.5) 14.914.9

Very strongly acidic (pH 4.6 – Very strongly acidic (pH 4.6 – 5.0)5.0)

29.429.4

Strongly acidic(pH 5.6 – 5.5 )Strongly acidic(pH 5.6 – 5.5 ) 28.728.7

Moderately acidic (pH 5.6 – Moderately acidic (pH 5.6 – 6.0)6.0)

18.318.3

Slightly acidic (pH 6.1 – 6.5)Slightly acidic (pH 6.1 – 6.5) 6.56.5

Neutral (pH 6.6 – 7.3)Neutral (pH 6.6 – 7.3) 2.22.2

TotalTotal 100100

1.Soils under different reaction classes:

SOIL ACIDITY AND FERTILITY STATUS OF SIKKIM

Organic carbon (%)Organic carbon (%) % (Percentage)% (Percentage)

Low(below 0.75%)Low(below 0.75%) 3.43.4

Medium (0.75 – 1.50 %)Medium (0.75 – 1.50 %) 9.89.8

High (above 1.50%)High (above 1.50%) 86.886.8

TotalTotal 100100

2.Organic carbon status2.Organic carbon status

Available Nitrogen (kg Available Nitrogen (kg haˉ ¹)haˉ ¹)

% (Percentage)% (Percentage)

Low (below 280)Low (below 280) 16.116.1

Medium (280 – 560)Medium (280 – 560) 76.076.0

High (above 560)High (above 560) 7.97.9

TotalTotal 100100

3.Available Nitrogen status3.Available Nitrogen status

Available Phosphorous Available Phosphorous (kg haˉ ¹)(kg haˉ ¹)

% (Percentage)% (Percentage)

Low (below 34)Low (below 34) 5.85.8

Medium (34 - 68)Medium (34 - 68) 12.112.1

High (above 68)High (above 68) 82.182.1

TotalTotal 100100

4.Available Phosphorous status

Available Potassium (kg Available Potassium (kg haˉ ¹)haˉ ¹)

% (Percentage)% (Percentage)

Low (below 135)Low (below 135) 8.38.3

Medium (135 - 335)Medium (135 - 335) 27.827.8

High (above 335)High (above 335) 63.963.9

TotalTotal 100100

5.Available Potassium

Available IronAvailable Iron % % (Percentage)(Percentage)

RatingRating

4.5 – 254.5 – 25 3.73.7   SufficientSufficient

25 – 5025 – 50 22.222.2

50 – 10050 – 100 67.567.5

100 – 200100 – 200 6.66.6

TotalTotal 100100   

6.Available Iron status

Available Available ManganeseManganese

% (Percentage)% (Percentage) RatingRating

<3.5<3.5 8.18.1 DeficientDeficient

3.5 – 7.03.5 – 7.0 9.99.9   SufficientSufficient

7.0 – 257.0 – 25 60.160.1

25 – 5025 – 50 20.320.3

50 – 10050 – 100 1.61.6

TotalTotal 100100   

7.Available Manganese status

Available ZincAvailable Zinc % (Percentage)% (Percentage) RatingRating

<0.6<0.6 13.313.3 DeficientDeficient

0.6 – 1.20.6 – 1.2 11.311.3   SufficientSufficient

1.2 – 3.01.2 – 3.0 32.132.1

3.0 – 5.03.0 – 5.0 22.022.0

> 5.0> 5.0 21.321.3

TotalTotal 100100   

8.Available Zinc status

Available CopperAvailable Copper % (Percentage)% (Percentage) RatingRating

< 0.2< 0.2 6.26.2 DeficientDeficient

0.2 – 0.40.2 – 0.4 2.62.6   SufficientSufficient

0.4 – 1.00.4 – 1.0 14.014.0

1.0 – 2.01.0 – 2.0 33.733.7

2.0 – 4.02.0 – 4.0 32.832.8

>4.0>4.0 10.710.7

TotalTotal 100100   

9.Available Copper status:

The above data shows that in Sikkim nearly 73% of cultivated area is under strongly to extremely acidic in soil reaction.

91% cultivated area under low to medium in Nitrogen content

.However Organic carbon , Phosphorous and Potassium content are medium to high.

The deficient micro-nutrients are Zinc, copper and manganese.

INM DEMONSTRATION IN ORGANIC MAIZE FIELD

INM IN RICE

SOIL REACTION (Ph) AND ITS RECLAMATIONSOIL REACTION (Ph) AND ITS RECLAMATION

Due to high rainfall in the state which causes downward leaching of bases resulting in soil acidity.

The state has strongly to extremely acidic soil with pH ranging from 5.5 to < 4.5 in about 73% cultivated area.

The acidic soil needs to be reclaimed with• liming materials like dolomite for improving

the structure, • uptake of plant nutrient and • moisture retention capacity.

Hence liming @ 1.5 to 2 tons per hectare is needed to neutralize the soil acidity of the state.

Locally available plant species are used to prepare concoctions for using as bio-pesticides in addition to the use of bio-control agents and other Integrated Pest Management tools along with conservation of natural enemies through non-use of chemicals and crop rotation.

IPM STRATEGY

Non-use of synthetic pesticides has led to conservation of Natural Enemies. Augmentation is done through innundative release of Trichogramma.

For Integrated Disease Management, Trichoderma is used extensively in addition to restricted use of the copper compounds.

Neem products are also popular in addition to use of cow urine and other herbal extracts.

CONTINUATION OF WITHDRAWN SUBSIDY FOR ORGANIC FARMING

Discouraging of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides has led discontinuation of subsidy to the State.

In lieu, the subsidy component may be extended/continued to the State for other alternative inputs such as bio-fertilizers, organic manure and bio-pesticides.

Such an arrangement would provide a major thrust to the on-going efforts in improving soil fertility status and for enhancing productivity and in the sustainable development of the State.

MODEL ORGANIC INPUT PRODUCTION DEMONSTRATION

FARM

RICE CULTIVATION IN BENCH TERRACES

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