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Organizing Internet Resources
OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project
-- funded by the Department of Education
-- from October 1, 1994 to March 31, 1996.
-- Participating libraries will identify, select, and catalog Internet accessible electronic information objects.
OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project This project was designed to:1. facilitate the rapid creation of a database of
USMARC format bibliographic records for remotely accessible electronic files through a coordinated, cooperative nationwide effort involving OCLC, college and university libraries, and repositories of electronic information.
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OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project This project was designed to:2. provide widespread access to this catalog of
items via the OCLC Online Union Catalog, the OCLC FirstSearch system, and a specially created database with access to all Internet users.
3. complete the links between coded location and access data in the bibliographic records (USMARC field 856) and the objects themselves by facilitating automated file transfer to the user or other access methods.
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OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Purposes:1. There is a great deal of valuable information
available through the Internet.
2. These resources need to be organized for accessibility.
3. Using existing library techniques and procedures and creating records for retrieval through existing online catalogs.
OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Goals:1. Build a national database of MARC records for
selected Internet resources.
2. Provide access to this catalog via OCLC, FirstSearch, and the Internet itself.
3. Create a link between the 856 (location & access) field and the resources themselves.
OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Useful URLs:1. NetFirst:http://www.oclc.org/oclc/netfirst/
2. Olson, Nancy (Ed.). (1997). “Cataloging Internet Resources: A Manual and Practical Guide.” 2nd ed. http://www.purl.org/oclc/cataloging-internet
3. PURL: http://purl.oclc.org
4. OCLC: http://www.oclc.org
5.http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/projects/intercat.htm
OCLC’s Internet Cataloging Project Cataloging Standards:1. MARC format
2. AACR2R
3. All records need to include 856 field "Electronic Location and Access" field.
Issues Related to Cataloging
Internet Resources 1. Ownership vs. access
2. The role of AACR2 in networked environment
3. Interface issues
4. Collection development for Internet resources
5. Workflow
6. Shift of responsibilities
7. Policy or criteria for selecting Internet resources
8. Training, etc.
InterCat (purl.org/net/intercat)
InterCat is an experimental, proof-of-concept database initiated during the 1994-1996 U.S. Department of Education-funded project, “Building a Catalog of Internet Resources.”
January 2000 92,000 records
1997 14,813 records
1996 5,928 records
1995 2,550 records
MARC Systems
•Primary purpose: automate bibliographic record processing
•Standard: MARC - AACR2
•MARC Record Processing System–input: MARC editor with embedded AACR2–MARC database management software for file creation and indexing–Z39.50 retrieval for OPAC display–MARC only works for library environment
Markup Systems TEI and SGML
•Purpose: act as title page for electronic documents
•Standard: AACR2
•SGML software for processing–editing software for inputting–Generalized file management system–SGML publishing software for output and converters for Web display
Markup Systems Dublin Core & HTML, XML
•Purpose: Resource Description on Web
•Standard: Dublin Core– HTML, XML tag sets
•Generic Web Tools for Processing–Web browser input forms–Web servers and indexers for file management–Web browser for retrieval and display–XML is for Web environment.
Metadata and the Internet
March 1995. OCLC sponsored a Metadata workshop
Goal: develop an agreed upon set of elements that could be used to describe virtually any type of electronic document. This set of descriptive elements would complement other methods of describing Internet resources (cataloging records, automatic indexing), not to replace them. These descriptive elements are referred to as metadata (data about data).
Metadata and the Internet
Metadata will act as a surrogate for the document itself, much in the same way a cataloging card acts as a representation of the book.
Elements for the core descriptive set were chosen that can be expanded and extended to cover a variety of different Internet resources.
Metadata and the Internet
Fifteen core descriptive elements were chosen. These core elements were referred to as the Dublin Core:
1. Title
2. Author/Creator
3. Subject/Keywords
4. Description
5. Publisher
6. Other contributor
Metadata and the Internet 7. Date
8. Resource Type
9. Format
10. Resource Identifier
11. Source
12. Language
13. Relation
14. Coverage
15. Rights Management
Metadata and the Internet
Metadata workshops and related events have taken place all over the world each year.
Problems with Metadata
Metadata and the Internet
Additional information on Dublin Core:
Dublin Core Homepage
http://purl.org/metadata/dublin_core
Matadate Editors:
Dublin Core Metadata Template
http://www.lub.lu.se/cgi-bin/nmdc.pl
Metadata and the Internet Additional information on Dublin Core:
Matadate Editors:
DC.dot NewsAgent Dublin Core Generator
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/newsagent/dc/
Automated Classification
Project Scorpion
http://purl.org/scorpion
Metadata and the Internet
Web Page Builder
Iowa State University
http://www.lib.iastate.edu/demo/cat/menu.html
What will be retrieved is a list of Web resources displayed in a homepage format.
Persistent URLs (PURLs) PURL: http://purl.oclc.org
PURLs provide URL redirection
PURLs are URLs in form and function
Based on widely developed Internet standards:
TCP/IP
DNS
HTTP
URL
Resources for Cataloging Internet Resources
• AACR2• MARC• 2. Olson, Nancy (Ed.). (1997).
“Cataloging Internet Resources: A Manual and Practical Guide.” 2nd ed. http://www.purl.org/oclc/cataloging-internet
• 3. PURL: http://purl.oclc.org
Resources for Cataloging Internet Resources
ISBD(ER)• http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/pubs/isbd2.htm#3• Guidelines for the Use of Field 856 • http://www.loc.gov/marc/856guide.html• Cataloging Electronic Resources:• OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines• http://www.oclc.org/oclc/cataloging/type.htm
Recent OCLC Project
CORC--Cooperative Online Resource Catalog
http://www.oclc.org/oclc/corc/index.htm
CORC is a research project exploring the
cooperative creation and sharing of metadata
by libraries.
Recent OCLC Project
CORC is designed to help both libraries and
OCLC to move more quickly in coping with the
huge amount of materials becoming available
on the World Wide Web.
Recent OCLC Project
CORC is a Web-based service being
developed by OCLC in partnership with
several hundred volunteer libraries. The databases and tools that compose CORC are designed to assist libraries inproviding their users with well-guided access to Web resources.
Recent OCLC Project
CORC offers four searchable databases:
CORC Resource Record Database
CORC Authority Database
CORC Pathfinder Database
Dewey Decimal Classification Database
Recent OCLC Project
CORC's tools are based on cutting edge technologies developed by OCLC and support:
1. Rapid, automation-assisted creation of resource records (i.e. bibliographic records).
2. Automatic assignment of suggested Dewey Decimal classification numbers and subclassification numbers.
3. Automatic assignment of suggested keywords for retrieval.
Recent OCLC Project
4. Automated authority control.
5. Cooperative, automation-assisted maintenance of URL's in resource records.
6. Advanced tools for creating/editing digital pathfinders (HTML pages of narrative and links to resources).
Recent OCLC Project
With CORC, library staff can create, edit, import, and
export:
1. Resource records (a record describing a resource - the same record can be presented in the user's choice of OCLC- MARC or Dublin Core), or,
2. Digital pathfinders (which may be built quickly through the reuse of resource records in the CORC Resource Record Database).
3. (Coming soon) authority records.
Recent OCLC Project
The differences among CORC, NetFirst and
InterCat.InterCat was a project to encourage and investigate
cataloging Web resources in WorldCat. Because the legacy OCLC Cataloging service was used, all records had to be acceptable OCLC MARC. A database of WorldCat records that have OCLC MARC 856 fields (currently about 92,000 records) is still being maintained and is publicly available, but the project itself is not active.
Recent OCLC Project
NetFirst is a database of Web resources
available via the OCLC FirstSearch and OCLC Cataloging services. OCLC staff create what are basically abstracting and indexing (A&I) records, although they do include LC subject headings andDDC class numbers.
Recent OCLC Project
CORC is a leading edge, Web-based service that helps libraries provide well-guided access to Web resources using new, automated tools and library cooperation.
Recent OCLC Project
CORC is a natural extension of the InterCat
and NetFirst efforts and takes advantage of newer technology to create an optimized metadata creation service. OCLC seeded the CORC database with records from the InterCat and NetFirst projects and encourage all InterCat participants to become CORC users.